1、专业八级-227 (1)及答案解析(总分：101.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/BIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLE While listening to the lecture, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a
2、 gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE after the mini-lecture. Use the blank paper for note-taking.Now listen to the mini-lecture.B Cryptic Coloring/BCryptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for the purpose of attack as well as of defense, an
3、d may be either general or special.B. General resemblance:/BIts especially common among the animal inhabiting someuniformly colored expanse of U(1) /U, such as an ocean or a desert: (1) _.1) Animals are often U(2) /U by their transparent (2) _.blue color or sandy appearance.2) Equally diverse forms
4、are defended by their sandy appearance.B. Special resemblance:/BIts far commoner than general, and usually met with:1) on the diversified surface of the earth; 2)on the shores;3) in U(3) /U water; 4)on the surface of the ocean. (3) _.The U(4) /U of coloring, shape, and attitude produces a more (4) _
5、.or less exact resemblance to some one of U(5) /U in the environment. (5) _.B. The attempts have been made along two lines for the/BU (6) /U of these mast interesting and elaborate adaptations: (6) _.1) The first explans:Effect is a result of the direct influence of the environment upon U(7) /U, or
6、by the inherited effects of efforts and (7) _.the U(8) /U of parts. (8) _.2) The second believes:U(9) /U produced the result and afterwards maintained it (9) _.by the survival of the best concealed in each generation.In the present state of science, the only possible holeof an interpretation U(10) /
7、U the theory of natural selection. (10) _.（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLE Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer t
8、o each question on your answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview with a chief-editor. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions.Now listen to the interview.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the interview, what happened since Mary Ann we
9、re 100?（分数：1.00）A.She had a blimp ride.B.She had a horse ride.C.She touched the Hollywood sign.D.She stayed at home.(2).Where was Mary Ann born?（分数：1.00）A.In a small village.B.North of Chicago.C.In Washington.D.In Hawaii.(3).What does she want to do for her 106th?（分数：1.00）A.She wants to meet pop sin
10、ger.B.She wants to meet a superstar.C.She wants to see a movie star.D.She wants to see a movie.(4).According to the interview, which of the following is not tree?（分数：1.00）A.The older she got the more comfortable she was with herself.B.As she got older she no longer ran sacred anymore.C.Now, a lot of
11、 people think that part of aging is that they dont get to do the things that they could do, they become inactive, they sit around and watch television.D.When they are getting older they can go out and have fun.(5).From the interview, we can know what is the most important when you are getting old?（分
12、数：1.00）A.Health.B.Possessions.C.Attitude towards aging.D.Daily life.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：3，分数：6.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.（分数：2.00）(1).Questions 6 is b
13、ased on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now list
14、en to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Now the U.S. economy growth rate is _.（分数：1.00）A.higher than 1995 to 2000B.lower than 1973 to 1995C.as good as 1995 to 2000D.the same as 1993 to 1995(2).Dale Jorgenson points out that the 2.78 grow rate will be continued in the next _.（分数：1.00）A.2 yearsB.10 yearsC.20 year
15、sD.5 yearsQuestions 9 and 10 are based on the following news item. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What is the reason of the decline of the number of the wild horses?（分数：1.00）A.Climate change and human activities.B
16、.The hunting and culling.C.Farming and industrializing.D.Mass killing caused by people.(2).Whom does the provision intend to sell the wild horses for?（分数：1.00）A.Federal government.B.The horse-lovers.C.The people who kill the wild horse.D.The native people.四、BPART READING (总题数：7，分数：20.00)In this sect
17、ion there are several reading passages followed by a total of twenty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.BTEXT A/BAccording to reports in major news outlets, a study published last week included a startling discovery: the na
18、tions Jewish population is in shrinking. The study, the National Jewish Population Survey, found 5.2 million Jews living in the United States in 2000, a drop of 5 percent, or 300,000 people, since a similar study in 1990. Whats truly startling is that the reported decline is not true. Worse still, t
19、he sponsor of the $6 million study, United Jewish Communities, knows it.Both it and the authors have openly admitted their doubts. They have acknowledged in interviews that the population totals for 2000 and i990 were reached by different methods and are not directly comparable. The survey itself al
20、so cautions readers, in a dauntingly technical appendix, that judgment calls by the researchers may have led to an undercount. When the research director and project director were asked whether the data should be construed to indicate a declining Jewish population, they flatly answered no. In additi
21、on, other survey researchers interviewed pointed to other studies with population estimates as high as 6.7 million.Despite all this, the two figures -5.2 million now, 5.5 million then-are listed by side in the survey, leaving the impression that the population has shrunk. The result, predictably, ha
22、s been a rash of headlines trumpeting the illusionary decline, in turn touching off jeremiads by rabbis and moralists condemning the religious laxity behind it. Whether out of ideology, ego, incompetence or a combination of all three, the respected charity has invented a crisis.United Jewish Communi
23、ties is the coordinating body for a national network of Jewish philanthropies with combined budgets of $2 billion. Its population surveys carry huge weight in shaping community policy. This is not the first time the survey has set off a false alarm. The last one, conducted by a predecessor organizat
24、ion, found that 52 percent of American Jews who married between 1985 and 1990 did so outside the faith. That number was a fabrication produced by including marriages in which neither party was Jewish by anyones definition, including the researchers.Its publication created a huge stir, inspiring angu
25、ished sermons, books and conferences. It put liberals on the defensive, emboldened conservatives who reject full integration into society and alienated ordinary folks by the increasingly xenophobic tone of Jewish communal culture. The new survey, to its credit, retracts that figure and offers the la
26、test survey has spawned a panic created by the last one.So why did the organization flawed figures once again? Some scholars who have studied the survey believe the motivation then came partly out of a desire to shock straying Jews into greater observance. Its too early to tell if thats the case thi
27、s time around. What is clear is the researchers did their job with little regard to how their data could be misconstrued. They used statistical models and question formats that, while internally sound, made the new survey incompatible with the previous one. For example, this time the researchers div
28、ided the population of 5.2 million into two groups-“highly involved“ Jews and “people of Jewish background“- and posed most questions only to the first group. As a result, most findings about belief and observance refer only to a subgroup of American Jews, making comparisons to the past impossible.W
29、e cant afford to wait a decade before these figures are revised. The false population decline must be corrected before it further sours communal discourse. The United Jewish Communities owes it to itself and its public to step forward and state plainly what it knows to be true: American Jews are not
30、 disappearing.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true about the National Jewish Population Survey?（分数：1.00）A.It found a decline of 300,000 Jews in ten years.B.It was carried out by United Jewish Communities.C.This is the first time United Jewish Communiti
31、es has made mistakes in the population survey.D.The reported decline is not reliable.(2).How does the population survey get it wrong in 2000?（分数：1.00）A.The population total in 2000 was reached by different method from that in 1990.B.There might be some problems with the judgment calls by the researc
32、hers.C.United Jewish Communities offered not enough financial support to the survey.D.It is the result of the rash of headlines leaving the impression that the population has declined.(3).Rabbis and moralists consider the Jewish population decline as the result of _.（分数：1.00）A.Jewish negligence of t
33、heir religious beliefB.Jewish incompetence in AmericaC.Jewish self-esteemD.the combination of all the three above(4).It can be inferred from the passage that（分数：1.00）A.United Jewish Communities is sponsored by a single companyB.population surveys by United Jewish Communities are important in shaping
34、 community policy of the Jewish in AmericaC.the researchers did their job with nigh responsibilityD.American Jewish reject full integration into society(5).When the author is talking about the Jewish Population Survey, he seems _.（分数：1.00）A.to believe the shrinking of the Jews in AmericaB.to support
35、 the rejection of full integration into societyC.to blame United Jewish CommunitiesD.to be willing to tolerate the fault of United Jewish Communities1.BTEXT B/BIt is difficult for an agency as old as J. Walter Thompson, which will mm 140 next year, to record some firsts at so venerable an age. But i
36、t will do just that with a rare changing of the guard. Thompson, which works for blue-chip advertisers like Diageo, Ford Motor, Kellogg, Merrill Lynch, Nestl6, Pfizer and Reckitt Benckiser, will announce today that Bob Jeffrey, president for its North American operations, will be promoted to chief e
37、xecutive, effective Jan. 1.Mr. Jeffrey, in being named the ninth chief executive of Thompson since 1864, succeeds Peter A. Schweitzer, who will become chairman, a post that is now vacant. Mr. Schweitzer, 64, will also relinquish his duties as worldwide president to Michael Madel, now president for t
38、he Thompson operations in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Mr. Jeffrey, 50, will become the first Thompson chief executive to have spent most of his advertising career outside the agency. He joined Thompson five years ago as president of the flagship New York office; he came from the agency now k
39、nown as Lowe he came from the agency now known as Lowe it was hard to be sure which gear the car was about to engage. Several times I hit fifth gear when aiming for third, Chrysler apparently anticipated this problem, as a brief warning chimes to let you know when youre in reverse.Neither the PT Cru
40、iser convertible nor the New Beetle is perfect. But for fun in the sun or even the fall- what could be better? Both cars brought constant waves, smiles, and stories from passersby.Whats a convertible about if it isnt looking good on the road and brightening your day?_BTEXT D/BSummer is winding down,
41、 but its still not too late to put the top down and hit the road. For those of us who cant spring for a Corvette or a BMW, heres some good news: Two of the coolest convertibles on the road are also more affordable -Volkswagens New Beetle and Chryslers PT Cruiser.Both start at about $20,000, seat fou
42、r, and get between 22 and 24 miles per gallon from their four-cylinder engines. Each has fully insulated cloth tops with rear windows made of real glass, which makes them comfortable to use in winter. Front-wheel drive helps make them safer to drive over snow and ice. Both also offer high-performanc
43、e turbocharged models starting at about $25,000. Both have bulging fenders and cool, retro personalities.Beyond that, theyre very different. The PT Cruiser focuses on practicality, while the Beetle is more fun to drive.That fun comes from the cars chassis, suspension, and overall structure. Crank th
44、e steering into a turn and the car follows like an eager puppy. The engine isnt powerful, but loves to rev, so you can downshift to accelerate.The New Beetle Convertible has developed an unfortunate reputation as a “chick car“ for its cute looks and the lack of power in the standard model. But for a
45、n extra $1,600, VW offers its turbocharged version, with a 150 horsepower, 1.8 liter engine, which gives the car some snap.Even so, the convertible top eliminates what little practicality the New Beetle hatchback offers. To fit the folding top, the back seat was narrowed and angled so upright its un
46、comfortable. And the folded top sits above a tiny trunk, with only five cubic feet of capacity and accessible through a smaller porthole.Weekend trippers had better not have kids - or plan to rough it with more than a backpack or two. Interior storage is also minuscule. As with the New Beetle hatchb
47、ack, the windshield is disconcertingly far away, and the wipers clear only a small slit of a view in front. Compared with the profile of the hatchback, however, the convertible sports a top thats lower and a little less cartoonlike.The PT Cruiser, on the other hand, looks its sinister best with the
48、top up. Peeling the top off reveals its cutesy “roll hoop“. (Chrysler denies the hoop offers rollover protection and calls it a light bar.) But the Cruiser, like its four-door brethren, offers all the year-round practicality the original Beetle convertible did in its day. The back seat is comfortable for two people, and the trunk is roomy.Unfortunately, its also h
