1、专业八级-226 及答案解析(总分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)How to Approach a Dissertation . What is a dissertation A. A piece of writing with argument: analyze the evidence to support or contradict all kinds of 1 B. An academic writing: something fresh and 2 of your abilities to analyz
2、e and synthesize . Some fundamental 3 of the dissertation A. Plan the word limits and 4 B. Contain a detailed exploration of evidence from published texts to primary 5 C. Be clear about the nature of the methodology for 6 D. Present it in a finished manner know about format, layout and 7 of the task
3、 . How to manage your supervisor A. Discuss the amount of contact and support you need B. Discuss the 8 C. Set up 9 or pairings D. Supervise progress with a(n) 10 E. Evaluate and respond to the supervisor“s 11 . The importance of 12 A. Draw a timetable be with the thorough information of the 13 B. R
4、earrange your time find time for study, 14 or entertainment C. Fill in personal dissertation periods 15 being the key to meet deadline （分数：30.00）填空项 1:_Suggestopedia. Introduction A. Based on how the brain works and how we learn most effectively B. Derived from suggestion and pedagogy C. Acceleratin
5、g the learning speed to about 16 of the conventional methods . 17 A. Enhance learning B. Be a system for liberation the preliminary 18 the previously suggested programs . The key elements and four main stages A. The key elements: a rich sensory learning environment a positive expectation of success
6、19 B. The four stages: 20 Active Concert passive review 21 . Factors we should pay attention to A. Music: slow tempo, 22 Voices and instruments should coordinate with orchestra so that students can be 23 B. Teachers: cover lots of 24 in class structure the materials 25 be highly 26 , reliable and cr
7、edible establish good relations with students act as 27 C. 28 : include acting, singing songs, playing games, telling stories, canting on 29 and psycho-dramas the teacher structures them carefully . Conclusions Certain elements can be used more comprehensively: A. Music used both in the background a
8、nd during activities B. Conditions in which learners are 30 and receptive （分数：30.00）填空项 1:_Communicative ApproachThe Communicative Approach emphasizes that the goal of language learning is communicative competence. Here are three aspects of it. 1. The Development of the Communicative Approach In 197
9、1, experts began to explore. In 1976, D.A. Wilkins revised it in Notional Syllabuses. Communicative Approach expanded and some variants appeared: The Natural Approach the core: 31 four stages: Pre-Production, Early Production, Speech Emergence, and 32 33 to teach language skills in integrated fashio
10、n through target language three general models: 34 , adjunct, and sheltered Task-based Teaching aiming at experimenting with and exploring spoken and written language through 35 three stages: pre-task, task cycle, 36 2. The Features of the Communicative Approach everything being done with a(n) 37 th
11、e activities being implemented by students 38 learner-centered teaching method: the main role of the teacher being to 39 the communicative process 3. The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Communicative Approach Advantages: develop communicative competence: target language being used more 40 and co
12、mmonly 41 being taught integrally more attention being paid to 42 emphasize 43 and operational capabilities Disadvantages: 44 being not clear the usage of 45 being ignored student“s errors being not corrected effectively （分数：40.05）填空项 1:_专业八级-226 答案解析(总分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：
13、0，分数：0.00)How to Approach a Dissertation . What is a dissertation A. A piece of writing with argument: analyze the evidence to support or contradict all kinds of 1 B. An academic writing: something fresh and 2 of your abilities to analyze and synthesize . Some fundamental 3 of the dissertation A. Pl
14、an the word limits and 4 B. Contain a detailed exploration of evidence from published texts to primary 5 C. Be clear about the nature of the methodology for 6 D. Present it in a finished manner know about format, layout and 7 of the task . How to manage your supervisor A. Discuss the amount of conta
15、ct and support you need B. Discuss the 8 C. Set up 9 or pairings D. Supervise progress with a(n) 10 E. Evaluate and respond to the supervisor“s 11 . The importance of 12 A. Draw a timetable be with the thorough information of the 13 B. Rearrange your time find time for study, 14 or entertainment C.
16、Fill in personal dissertation periods 15 being the key to meet deadline （分数：30.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：perspectives）解析： perspectives 听力原文 How to Approach a DissertationGood morning, everyone, we will talk about how to write a dissertation in today“s lecture. As we know dissertations have become an increasi
17、ngly important component of higher education. It provides you with an opportunity to work independently on a topic that particularly interests you. So, it is important to know how to approach your own dissertation in the first place. First, we will have a brief introduction of dissertation. Differen
18、t subject disciplines may emphasize different features, but, broadly speaking, a dissertation is a continuous piece of writing, arranged in clearly placed paragraphs, in which an argument is developed, in response to a central question or proposition. The line of argument is supported by evidence yo
19、u have acquired through research, which you are required to analyze, and which supports or contradicts the various perspectives explored in the course of the argument. The dissertation then reaches a conclusion in the final section, which pulls together the threads of your argument, supporting, qual
20、ifying or rejecting the original thesis. It is worth bearing in mind that an academic dissertation is not a piece of writing designed to reproduce information available elsewhere, but something new and expressive of your individual abilities to analyze and synthesize. In addition, the process of aca
21、demic writing will help you to learn, by enabling you to work with concepts and information relevant to your subject, and thereby developing your intellectual skills. Second, we will come to the fundamental principles of writing a dissertation and you have to take care of the following key points. F
22、irst of all, it is an extended piece of writing, usually divided into chapters. So it is wise for you to plan the lower and upper word limits acceptable for your dissertation and whether you should be following a particular sequence of chapter headings. Secondly, it contains a detailed exploration o
23、f evidence. The referred evidence may be from published texts, or it may consist of primary research data gathered by your own, for example, a sociological study of attitudes to gender roles based on research methods such as interviews and questionnaires. Thirdly, you are required to be clear about
24、the nature of the methodology you will use for gathering the evidence. That is to say, why are you collecting data or analyzing evidence in that way rather than in another way? And also, it must be supported throughout by awareness of theory which means your argument should be placed within the cont
25、ext of existing theory relevant to the subject. Finally, it has to be presented in a professionally finished manner. So you have to be fully aware of the precise details about the format, layout and stylistic requirements of your assignment. Third, it is about how to manage your supervisor. Since a
26、dissertation is an individually devised piece of work, you will be allocated a personal supervisor to support you while you are writing it. Do not delay in having your first meeting with her or him, as it is vital to discuss not only what topic you will start by exploring, but also how you can best
27、work on your dissertation. Here are some aspects of managing your supervisor. Firstly, let your supervisor know how much contact and support you would like. Necessarily, you have to agree together at the outset on when you will meet and how best contact can be made. Secondly, discuss with your super
28、visor if possible about what assessment criteria will be applied to your dissertation, so that you can get a sense of their scope, structure, tone and the methodology being used. Thirdly, consider contributing to the setting up of appropriate support groups or pairings with fellow students, so that
29、you can clarify your own thinking by discussing it with others if this is acceptable to your supervisor. Fourthly, find an appropriate way of mapping and monitoring your own progress. I recommend you a checklist of tasks to be completed. Lastly, you have to evaluate and respond to your supervisor“s
30、feedback by making notes and reflecting on what has been said or written, then applying the feedback to the next stage of your research. Fourth, we will talk about the demanding in terms of managing your time and the process itself of writing a dissertation. It is a major piece of work and you are l
31、ikely to have months before it is due for submission, so the dissertation sometimes causes problems even for people who are normally good at meeting deadlines. How to arrange your time? First, draw a typical week“s timetable on a large sheet of paper. It shows thorough information about your univers
32、ity lectures and other regular commitments such as part-time work and regular social events. Second, after marking in the essentials, as you see them, take a good look at where you could commit time. Look particularly for those odd hours which are easily frittered away doing nothing much, and see if
33、 you can turn these into study time, so that some clear chunks of time are left for you to relax, keep fit, go shopping, watch TV and so on. Third, fill in your schedule with personal dissertation periods. When are you going to work on your dissertation, and when on your other commitments? Take acco
34、unt of when you are at your best for studying, for example, can you work early in the morning or late at night? Regular work throughout your dissertation unit will mean less chance of any all-night, last-minute, nail-biting sessions during the week before it needs to be submitted. Now, to sum up tod
35、ay“s lecture, we have introduced some methods to approach a dissertation in your study. Before we finish, I“d like to say if you want to hand out a successful assignment in the future, you also have to research your topic very carefully, so next time I will introduce you the methods of selecting and
36、 researching your topics. OK, this brings us to the end of today“s lecture. Thanks for your attention. 考点 本题设题点在定语从句处。 演讲者开篇提出主题，该讲座主要讲述 how to write a dissertation，接下来演讲者介绍了什么是dissertation，其中谈到 dissertation 就是在整篇文章中针对某个问题或观点而进行论证(argument)，并且找出支撑 argument 的 evidence，根据听力原文可知，论据要求作者通过分析来支持或反驳论点中的各种看
37、法，故答案为 perspectives。 解析： expressive 考点 本题设题点在转折处。 演讲者在讲述什么是学术论文时指出它不是简单地再现从别处获得的信息。根据听力原文可知，学术论文要创新，要体现个人的分析和综述能力，题干中的 flesh 是 new 的同义转述，故答案为 expressive。 解析： principles 考点 本题设题点在分论点处。 演讲者就 how to write a dissertation 这一话题谈到的第二点，即听力原文的内容：fundamental principles of writing a dissertation，故空白处填入 princip
38、les。 解析： follow chapter headings 考点 本题考查重要细节。 演讲者就学术论文的一些基本原则提出的第一点，即听力原文的内容：.whether you should be following a particular sequence of chapter headings，即论文写作应根据章节有序进行，因此答案为 follow chapter headings。 解析： research data 考点 本题考查重要细节。 演讲者在谈论写学术论文的基本原则时提到论文应包含详尽的论据，根据听力原文可知，论据可以是自己搜集的研究数据，故答案为 research dat
39、a。 解析： gathering the evidence 考点 本题考查重要细节。 论文写作需要遵循的第三点原则是作者应清楚地知道将用来收集论据的研究方法的本质，即听力原文.the nature of the methodology you will use for gathering the evidence，因此答案为gathering the evidence。 解析： stylistic requirements 考点 本题考查重要细节。 演讲者指出写论文时要把握的最后一个原则是论文要专业而且完满地呈现出来，根据听力原文可知，一定要留意论文的格式、排版、文体要求等细节，故答案为 st
40、ylistic requirements。 解析： assessment criteria 考点 本题考查重要细节。 根据听力原文可知，有可能的话，要及时与导师讨论论文的评估标准，故答案为 assessment criteria。 解析： support groups 考点 本题考查重要细节。 演讲者在提到如何与导师沟通时，第三点强调的就是听力原文所提到的：.setting up of appropriate support groups or pairings with fellow students，因此答案为 support groups。 解析： checklist 考点 本题考查重要
41、细节。 演讲者提到在与导师沟通时的第四个注意事项：找到一个合适的方法规划和监测自己论文的进展情况，根据听力原文可知，演讲者推荐使用任务核对一览表，故答案为 checklist。 解析： feedback 考点 本题考查重要细节。 演讲者讲述在与导师沟通时最后一点应注意评价与回应导师的反馈，即听力原文.evaluate and respond to your supervisor“s feedback by making notes.，因此答案为 feedback。 解析： time management 考点 本题设题点在分论点处。 演讲者已经提到论文写作的概念、原则以及如何与导师沟通等内容，
42、接下来听力原文指出：Fourth, we will talk about the demanding in terms of managing your time.，因此答案为 time management。 解析： campus activities 考点 本题考查对重要细节的归纳概括。 演讲者在讲到第四点“时间管理的重要性”时，提出先要 draw a timetable，根据听力原文可知，时间表能清楚地显示学校相关活动的时间安排，归纳总结答案为 campus activities。 解析： relaxation 考点 本题设题点在结果状语从句处。 演讲者在讲到时间管理时，提出的第二点要求
43、是重新审查时间表，将一些无所事事的时间转化成学习时间，并且根据听力原文可知，除了学习，还要留些时间放松、娱乐，空白处须填入名词，故答案为relaxation。 解析： regular work 考点 本题考查重要细节。 演讲者在讲到时间管理时，最后提到将论文进程排进个人时间表里，根据听力原文可知，论文写作期间的常规安排可以避免临时抱佛脚，故答案为 regular work。 Suggestopedia. Introduction A. Based on how the brain works and how we learn most effectively B. Derived from s
44、uggestion and pedagogy C. Accelerating the learning speed to about 16 of the conventional methods . 17 A. Enhance learning B. Be a system for liberation the preliminary 18 the previously suggested programs . The key elements and four main stages A. The key elements: a rich sensory learning environme
45、nt a positive expectation of success 19 B. The four stages: 20 Active Concert passive review 21 . Factors we should pay attention to A. Music: slow tempo, 22 Voices and instruments should coordinate with orchestra so that students can be 23 B. Teachers: cover lots of 24 in class structure the materi
46、als 25 be highly 26 , reliable and credible establish good relations with students act as 27 C. 28 : include acting, singing songs, playing games, telling stories, canting on 29 and psycho-dramas the teacher structures them carefully . Conclusions Certain elements can be used more comprehensively: A
47、. Music used both in the background and during activities B. Conditions in which learners are 30 and receptive （分数：30.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：three times）解析： three times 听力原文 SuggestopediaGood morning, everyone. As a language learner, there are so many approaches to learn a foreign language. In today“s lec
48、ture, we will talk about an excellent way to learn a language, which is called suggestopedia. It is a teaching method developed by the Bulgarian psychotherapist Georgi Lozanov, which is based on a modern understanding of how the human brain works and how we learn most effectively. The term “suggesto
49、pedia“, derived from suggestion and pedagogy, is often used loosely to refer to similar accelerated learning approaches. So it is often claimed that it can teach languages approximately three times as quickly as conventional methods. The intended purpose of suggestopedia was to enhance learning by lowering the affective filter of learners. It is a system for liberation. A liberatio
