1、专业八级-221 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：4，分数：20.00)B How to Read Effectively/BMany students tend to read books without any purpose. They often read a book slowly and in great detail with the result that they frequently have no (1)_view of what they are reading. (1)_To read effect
2、ively, students are suggested to do the following:1) To decide precisely on the (2)_ for reading a book. (2)_2) To decide what they are going to read:a. The (3)_page should be read first. (3)_b. The chapter headings are useful in indicating what should be read.c. The Index can help to (4)_the pages
3、related to some (4)_information.3) To read the opening and final paragraphs so that they could know whata book is mainly about.4) To ask themselves what is the main part of their reading and then tryto answer the question by making notes, which can help them toconcentrate on the reading and provide
4、a (5)_which can bo (5)_re-read later.5) To increase reading speed without loss of (6)_ (6)_Three main kinds of silent reading speed:1) the slowest, study speed for a higher level of understanding,2) the average speed for easier textbooks, novels, etc.3) the fastest: (7)_used to get a general idea of
5、 a book or an (7)_article.The results of a survey of students reading speed conducted by EdwardFry:A good reader achieves (8)_comprehension when he skims at (8)_over 800 words a minute, 70% comprehension at 250-500 words a minute,and 80%-90% comprehension at 200-300 words a minute.The average speed
6、of a poor reader is 150 to (9)_words a (9)_minute with a comprehension rate of (10)_. (10)_（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_BSECTION B/BI Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds t
7、o answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview./I（分数：5.00）(1).Jack met Cole with the purpose of_.（分数：1.00）A.enquiring about a degreeB.getting some information about a grantC.inquiring about the qualification for a degreeD.discussing the complexity of the grant system(2).Wh
8、ich of the following is NOT TRUE of the award according to Cole?（分数：1.00）A.The award is paid direct to a college.B.The award involves tuition and other course fees.C.The award is paid direct to local education authorities.D.The award includes a fee element and a maintenance element.(3).The following
9、 are true of mandatory grants EXCEPT that_.（分数：1.00）A.mandatory grants are paid by local education authoritiesB.mandatory grants are only paid to students who are attending designated coursesC.mandatory grants are only paid to students who are attending non-designated coursesD.one has to satisfy som
10、e qualifying conditions if he wants to obtain mandatory grants(4).The following are the qualifications for a mandatory grant EXCEPT that_.（分数：1.00）A.one has been admitted to a designated courseB.one has been in Britain for three years before a course beginsC.one has attended a higher-education cours
11、e for two years with a grantD.one has to participate in some examinations which are highly competitive(5).When local education authorities decide how much a grant is, they will take the following factors into consideration EXCEPT_.（分数：1.00）A.where one will be while studyingB.ones examination results
12、C.additional allowance one is able to getD.whether one lives with his parents or in a hall of residenceBSECTION C/BI Questions 6 to 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, yon will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news./I（分数：3.00）(1).What percenta
13、ge of Likud voted against the Prime Ministers plan?（分数：1.00）A.About 60 percent.B.About 40 percent.C.About 64 percent.D.75 percent.(2).How many Likud members took part in the referendum regarding Ariel Sharons unilateral disengagement plan?（分数：1.00）A.120,000.B.80,000.C.100,000.D.28,000.(3).What took
14、place on Sunday?（分数：1.00）A.Sharon declared that he would resign.B.An Israeli woman and her daughters were killed by Palestinian gunmenC.Some Likud members refused to cast ballots because of the killingD.Sharon said that he would hold the referendum again despite his failure.I Questions 9 to 10 are b
15、ased on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Whats Kofi Annans attitude towards the criticism of U. N. s role in the Iraq oil-for-food program?（分数：1.00）A.Angry.B.Apologetic.C.Surprised.D.Indifferen
16、t.(2).There is an allegation that_.（分数：1.00）A.Kojo Annan benefited illegally from oil-for-food programB.Kofi Annan was involved in some illegal activities in oil-for-food programC.U. N. was not active in the oil-for-food programD.U. N. did not monitor effectively what was imported into Iraq under th
17、e program二、BPART READING (总题数：9，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BCampaigning on the Indian frontier is an experience by itself. Neither the landscape nor the people find their counterparts in any other portion of the globe. Valley walls rise steeply five or six thousand feet on every side. The columns crawl throug
18、h a maze of giant corridors down which fierce snow-fed torrents foam under skies of brass. Amid these scenes of savage brilliancy there dwells a race whose qualities seem to harmonize with their environment. Except at harvest-time, when self-preservation requires a temporary truce, the Pathan tribes
19、 are always engaged in private or public war. Every man is a warrior, a politician and a theologian. Every large house is a real feudal fortress made, it is true, only of sun-baked clay, but with battlements, turrets, loopholes, drawbridges, etc. complete. Every village has its defence. Every family
20、 cultivates its vendetta; every clan, its feud. The numerous tribes and combinations of tribes all have their accounts to settle with one another. Nothing is ever forgotten, and very few debts are left unpaid. For the purposes of social life, in addition to the convention about harvest-time, a most
21、elaborate code of honour has been established and is on the whole faithfully observed. A man who knew it and observed it faultlessly might pass unarmed from one end of the frontier to another. The slightest technical slip would, however, be fatal. The life of the Pathan is thus full of interest; and
22、 his valleys, nourished alike by endless sunshine and abundant water, are fertile enough to yield with little labour the modest material requirements of a sparse population.Into this happy world the nineteenth century brought two new facts: the rifle and the British Government. The first was an enor
23、mous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance. The convenience of the rifle was nowhere more appreciated than in the Indian highlands. A weapon which would kill with accuracy at fifteen hundred yards opened a whole new vista of delights to every family or clan which could acquire it.
24、 One could actually remain in ones own house and fire at ones neighbour nearly a mile away. One could lie in wait on some high crag, and at hitherto unheard-of ranges hit a horseman far below. Even villages could fire at each other without the trouble of going far from home. Fabulous prices were the
25、refore offered for these glorious products of science. Rifle-thieves scoured all India to reinforce the efforts of the honest smuggler. A steady flow of the coveted weapons spread its genial influence throughout the frontier, and the respect which the Pathan tribesmen entertained for Christian civil
26、ization was vastly enhanced,The action of the British Government on the other hand was entirely unsatisfactory. The great organizing, advancing, absorbing power to the southward seemed to be little better than a monstrous spoil-sport. If the Pathan made forays into the plains, not only were they dri
27、ven hack (which after all was no more than fair), but a whole series of subsequent interferences took place, followed at intervals by expeditions which toiled laboriously through the valleys, scolding the tribesmen and exacting fines for any damage which they had done. No one would have minded these
28、 expeditions if they had simply come, had a fight and then gone away again. In many cases this was their practice under what was called the “butcher and bolt policy“ to which the Government of India long adhered. But towards the end of the nineteenth century these intruders began to make roads throu
29、gh many of the valleys, and in particular the great road to Chitral. They sought to ensure the safety of these roads by threats, by forts and by subsidies. There was no objection to the last method so far as it went. But the whole of this tendency to road-making was regarded by the Pathans with prof
30、ound distaste. All along the road people were expected to keep quiet, not to shoot one another, and above all not to shoot at travellers along the road. It was too much to ask, and a whole series of quarrels took their origin from this source.（分数：5.00）(1).The word debts in “very few debts are left u
31、npaid“ in the first paragraph means_.（分数：1.00）A.loansB.accountsC.killingsD.bargains(2).Which of the following is NOT one of the geographical facts about the Indian frontier?（分数：1.00）A.Melting snows.B.Stretch of deserts.C.Steep hillsides.D.Fertile valleys.(3).According to the passage, the Pathans wel
32、comed_.（分数：1.00）A.the introduction of the rifleB.the Spread of British ruleC.the extension of luxuriesD.the spread of trade(4).Building roads by the British_.（分数：1.00）A.put an end to a whole series of quarrelsB.prevented the Pathans from earning on feudsC.lessened the subsidies paid to the PathansD.
33、gave the Pathans a much quieter life(5).A suitable title for the passage would be_.（分数：1.00）A.Campaigning on the Indian frontierB.Why the Pathans resented the British ruleC.The popularity of rifles among the PathansD.The Pathans at war1.BTEXT B/B“The US economy is rapidly deteriorating,“ says Mr. Gr
34、annis. “The odds of a recession are now very high, perhaps by the end of the year.“ There are already some signs that important pillars are weakening. Consumer confidence has fallen for the past two months. The housing sector, which has been buoyant, is starting to sink. Corporate profits are fallin
35、g. Some analysts are especially concerned over the sharp fall of commodity prices. They believe it represents the threat of deflation, it could cause a global slowdown. “The Fed will have to act forcefully to arrest the deflationary forces,“ says Robert Lamorte, chairman of Behavioral Economics, a c
36、onsulting firm in San Diego. But others counter that the central bank doesnt need to intervene. They argue the Fed should wait to see real data before acting. “The fundamentals are better than the stock market reflects“, says Peter Kretzmer, an economist at Nations-Banc Montgomery Security. Indeed,
37、President Clinton tried to do his part to calm the market during his trip to Moscow, citing the strong job market and balanced budget. “We believe our fundamental economic policy is sound,“ he said. His comments echoed statements by Peter Rubin in Washington. Some numbers do continue to reflect a st
38、rong economy. On Sep. 1, the Conference Board released its index of leading indicators. The index rose 0.4 percent, prompting the business organization to predict that the nations output should increase at a moderate pace for the rest of 1998. The group sees little risk of recession in the near term
39、. But what has changed is the global economy. Japan and the rest of Asia are in recession. The woes are spreading to Latin America. “Im now convinced we are going to have a global economic recession, says Sung Won Sohn, chief economist at Norwest Corp, a Minneapolis-based bank. But, he added, its no
40、t certain the US will slide into a period of negative growth. He rates the risk of recession at only 10 to 15 percent. “We will be responding to the world economic situation rather than leading it “he says. Still, Fed watchers dont think the central bank will act to try to save the world. “Its incon
41、ceivable the Fed could make much difference in Asia, Russia, or Latin America,“ says Lyle Gramley, a former Fed governor. After the last stock market crash, in 1987, the Federal Reserve acted quickly to provide liquidity to the markets and to lower interest rates. But the economy is in better shape
42、this time. The banking sector is stronger and the financial markets have been able to. respond to the enormous trading volume. “It is not the Feds job to manage the stock market,“ says Mr. Kretzmer. But the Fed will keep a close watch on Wall Street. If the market were to shave another 1,500 points
43、off the Dow by the end of September, “then the Fed would think about lowering interest rates,“ says Mr. Gramley. In his view, the Feds main concern will be the impact of a sliding market on consumer confidence. Since 40 percent of the nation has investments in the stock market, any prolonged slide m
44、ight make individuals feel less wealthy. They would cut back on vacations and “splurge“ purchases. He expects the central bank to watch the next consumer confidence surveys and housing statistics closely._BTEXT B/B“The US economy is rapidly deteriorating,“ says Mr. Grannis. “The odds of a recession
45、are now very high, perhaps by the end of the year.“ There are already some signs that important pillars are weakening. Consumer confidence has fallen for the past two months. The housing sector, which has been buoyant, is starting to sink. Corporate profits are falling. Some analysts are especially
46、concerned over the sharp fall of commodity prices. They believe it represents the threat of deflation, it could cause a global slowdown. “The Fed will have to act forcefully to arrest the deflationary forces,“ says Robert Lamorte, chairman of Behavioral Economics, a consulting firm in San Diego. But
47、 others counter that the central bank doesnt need to intervene. They argue the Fed should wait to see real data before acting. “The fundamentals are better than the stock market reflects“, says Peter Kretzmer, an economist at Nations-Banc Montgomery Security. Indeed, President Clinton tried to do hi
48、s part to calm the market during his trip to Moscow, citing the strong job market and balanced budget. “We believe our fundamental economic policy is sound,“ he said. His comments echoed statements by Peter Rubin in Washington. Some numbers do continue to reflect a strong economy. On Sep. 1, the Conference Board released its index of leading indicators. The index rose 0.4 percent, promptin
