1、专业八级-197 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)Physical Education. Brief introduction of the courses A. Physical Fitness Instructorssix-month certificate B. Sports Administratorsfour-month certificate, in 1 and related to sports adminis
2、tration C. Sports Psychologistsone-year 2 D. 3 teach in schools E. 4 six-month certificate, no prerequisite . Overview of PE A. Courses stress the recreational and carry-over. values B. Grading is on a “ 5 “ basis, contingent upon 6 and participation in the activity. C. A 7 training institute. . The
3、 main role of the jobs A. Physical fitness instructorwork in 8 B. Sports administratorrun clubs and sporting associations, 9 skills, finance and marketing C. Sports psychologisttwo 10 : - help athletes achieve 11 for good sports performance - understand how participation in sport affects an individu
4、al“s psychological health throughout their 12 D. PE teachers - instruct young students in how to exercise, play sport, and do other 13 correctly and safely - 14 is another duty - do a year-end Field Day E. Recreation officerraise people“s awareness of 15 and improve general fitness （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_
5、填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.English.B.Sanskrit.C.Greek.D.Latin.A.The number of declensions has dwindled.B.The number of conjugations has dwindled.C.This theory is highly objective.D
6、.This theory is highly subjective.A.It allowed the once complex language to decay into such a “simple“ language.B.Overtime the modern Indo-European languages have far fewer cases for declension and conjugation.C.There is scientific explanation for what is “highly evolved“ and what is “decadent“.D.Pa
7、rticles and auxiliary verbs have evolved to take place of declensions and conjugations.A.People pronounce “nuclear“ to “nucular“.B.People use deviation in language.C.Declensions and conjugations has dwindled.D.Particles and auxiliary verbs become popular.A.Because they imperfectly learn the speech o
8、f their parents.B.Because they prefer to learn the language of their friends at school.C.Because they are confused with different languages.D.Because there are no teachers who teach them mother tongue.（分数：20.00）A.It is advocated by the American linguist William Labov.B.It connects with simplificatio
9、n of sounds.C.People allowed the once complex language to decay into such a “simple“ language.D.According to the social theory, children imperfectly learn the speech of their parents.A.Sound change can be a signal for social and cultural identity.B.A group of people will pronounce some certain vowel
10、s the same.C.Some people change the pronunciation of words in order to be identified by the group.D.People tend to reproduce exactly the same sounds.A.Mainstream language needs change.B.Computer scientists don“t use these words any more.C.Rapid development in the Internet.D.People want to use these
11、words to show their language competence.A.Approval.B.Disapproval.C.Caution.D.Suspicious.A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.专业八级-197 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)Physical Education. Brief introduction of the courses A. Physical Fitness Instructorss
12、ix-month certificate B. Sports Administratorsfour-month certificate, in 1 and related to sports administration C. Sports Psychologistsone-year 2 D. 3 teach in schools E. 4 six-month certificate, no prerequisite . Overview of PE A. Courses stress the recreational and carry-over. values B. Grading is
13、on a “ 5 “ basis, contingent upon 6 and participation in the activity. C. A 7 training institute. . The main role of the jobs A. Physical fitness instructorwork in 8 B. Sports administratorrun clubs and sporting associations, 9 skills, finance and marketing C. Sports psychologisttwo 10 : - help athl
14、etes achieve 11 for good sports performance - understand how participation in sport affects an individual“s psychological health throughout their 12 D. PE teachers - instruct young students in how to exercise, play sport, and do other 13 correctly and safely - 14 is another duty - do a year-end Fiel
15、d Day E. Recreation officerraise people“s awareness of 15 and improve general fitness （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：employment）解析： employment 听力原文 Physical EducationWelcome to further education information week. This is the Physical Education Faculty“s session and I“m the head of the Faculty. During the c
16、ourse of this morning, we hope to give you a clear idea of what we offer in our training programs and we will look at the types of courses and the entry requirements, if any, for those courses. Some of these courses are open to school leavers, but for some of courses you need previous qualifications
17、, or relevant successful employment. So firstly, the Physical Fitness Instructor“s course is offered as a six-month certificate course which includes an important component of personal fitness but there are no specific entry requirements. For Sports Administrators we provide a four-month certificate
18、 course but you should be aware that this is designed for those who are in employment. This employment must be current and related to sports administration. For the Sports Psychologist“s course we offer a one-year diploma course, but this diploma course is available only to those who already hold a
19、degree in psychology, so you need to make sure you have that before you apply to do this course. For Physical Education teachers, this degree course is designed for preparing students to teach in primary and secondary schools and needs no prior qualifications as it is entered directly by school leav
20、ers. And lastly for the Recreation Officer“s course, we offer a six-month certificate. Entry to this course normally includes applicants of a wide range of ages and experiences, but we do not insist on any prerequisites for this course. All Physical Education Activity courses stress the recreational
21、 and carry-over values of that activity rather than the ability or performance level of the students. One credit courses are offered on a quarter basis and meet for two hours of class per week for a half semester. Grading is on a “pass or fail“ basis contingent upon attendance and participation in t
22、he activity. A maximum of four one-credit physical education courses are applicable toward graduation, but these courses are not required. Students are encouraged to register for second and fourth quarter classes during regular fall and spring registration. Remember that this is a vocational trainin
23、g institute. We train you so that you can take up a particular kind of job. So it is important that you know the main roles of the jobswhat the work is like and what kind of qualities you need to succeed at them. A Physical Fitness Instructor works in health and fitness centres preparing individual
24、programs for ordinary members of the public. Physical Fitness Instructors prepare routines of exercises to suit the individual client“s age and level of fitness. Sports Administrators run clubs and sporting associations, making sure a sports event works smoothly by planning and controlling the busin
25、ess, finance, marketing and organization. Their duties include such things as booking playing fields with local councils and organizing the schedule of games or events for the club, so they need good organizational skills. The specific responsibilities of a sports administrator can vary considerably
26、 according to the level of their post, the organisation they work for and its context. These can range from routine administration, managing high-spec complexes and resources, to working with a regional and national, political and ethical profile. Sports Psychologists spend time with professional at
27、hletes helping them approach competition with a positive mental attitude to enable them to achieve their personal best. They do this by improving motivation and concentration or assisting with stress management. Sports psychology is a branch of sports science. It is the scientific study of the psych
28、ological factors that are associated with participation in sport, exercise and other types of physical activity. The contribution made by sports psychologists is in two areas: helping athletes through psychological treatment methods to achieve optimum mental health and enhance sporting performance (
29、often involving techniques like visualisation and relaxation); conducting research to understand how participation in sport affects an individual“s psychological health and well-being throughout their life span. Physical Education or PE Teachers instruct young students in how to exercise, play sport
30、, and do other recreational activities correctly and safely. PE Teachers help the development of coordination, balance, posture, and flexibility with things like simple catching and throwing skills. The followings are the major responsibilities of being a PE teacher. Most of the time you will be in
31、charge of teaching health and/or PE classes during the day. Many teachers have to teach at more than one school. At the secondary school you may have to teach a Health class or two. Coaching is another duty you may choose to do especially early on in a career. In fact, you may choose to coach severa
32、l sports. You are not expected to be experts in all sports, but must be able to show students the basic techniques involved in a wide range of activities. Other duties that you may have to partake in during the day. And, of course you will need to attend faculty and parent-teacher conference meeting
33、s throughout the year. Lastly, many physical education teachers are required to do a year-end Field Day or a physical education show of some kind. Recreation Officers often find themselves working for local government authorities and local groups. Their aim is to raise people“s awareness of healthy
34、lifestyles and improve general fitness through arranging recreational activities for groups of all ages from the very young to the elderly. There are many other job opportunities which our graduates can look forward to. If you are interested in any of these, please drop in on me later. So much for t
35、oday. 解析 细节题，讲座中明确指出：you should be aware that this is designed for those who are in employment. (要参加体育运动管理者课程的学员必须在职。)所以从中可以得出这个结论。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：diploma）解析： diploma解析 细节题。在听讲座的时候应该注意到：we offer a one-year diploma course。其他几项课程都是只给 certificate(证书)，而这一课程是给 diploma(文凭)的。所以听的时候就应该记下它们的区别。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：
36、Physical Education Teachers）解析： Physical Education Teachers解析 要点题。讲座中提到：For Physical Education teachers, this degree course is designed for preparing students to teach in primary and secondary schools and needs no prior qualifications as it is entered directly by school leavers. 因此与空格后内容相对应的是 Physic
37、al Education Teachers。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Recreation Officers）解析： Recreation Officers解析 要点题。讲座里对不同的课程都是有序介绍，所以最后一个课程所要培养的是什么人员，应该都记录在了笔记上。最后介绍的是娱乐项目负责人课程。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：pass or fail）解析： pass or fail解析 细节题。根据讲座原文“Grading is on a “pass or fail“ basis.”即可得出答案。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：attendance）解析： attendance解析 细节题。讲
38、座里提到：Grading is on a “pass or fail“ basis contingent upon attendance and participation in the activity. (出勤率和参与活动的表现都会考虑在成绩之内。) 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：vocational）解析： vocational解析 细节题。讲座里特别强调：Remember that this is a vocational training institute. 所以记笔记的时候确保不要遗漏。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：health-fitness centres/fitness cl
39、ubs）解析： health-fitness centres/fitness clubs解析 细节题。讲座里指出：A Physical Fitness Instructor works in health and fitness centres preparing individual programs for ordinary members of the public. 考生可以根据这一信息直接填 health and fitness centres，但注意根据字数需要略作改动。也可以根据自己的理解，填出时下比较流行的说法：fitness clubs。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：orga
40、nizational）解析： organizational解析 归总题。讲座里说了一段这个职位的具体内容：Sports Administrators run clubs and sporting associations, making sure a sports event works smoothly by planning and controlling the business, finance, marketing and organization. Their duties include such things as booking playing fields with loc
41、al councils and organizing the schedule of games or events for the club, so they need good organizational skills. The specific responsibilities of a sports administrator can vary considerably according to the level of their post, the organisation they work for and its context. These can range from r
42、outine administration, managing high-spec complexes and resources, to working with a regional and national, political and ethical profile. 经过归纳总结，Sports Administrators 最基本的能力是organizational skills。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：contributions）解析： contributions解析 推断题。但要注意词的单复数形式。讲座里提到：The contribution made by sports
43、psychologists is in two areas. 分析下来，体育心理师做了两大贡献。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：optimum mental health）解析： optimum mental health解析 细节题。根据讲座里提到的有关运动心理学家的贡献之一是“.helping athletes through psychological treatment methods to achieve optimum mental health”可知答案是 optimum mental health。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：lifespa）解析： lifespan解析 细节题
44、。讲座里提到：conducting research to understand how participation in sport affects an individual“s psychological health and well-being throughout their lifespan. 所以研究目的主要在于保障人在寿命期中的心理健康。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：recreational activities）解析： recreational activities解析 细节题。根据讲座原文“through arranging recreational activities
45、 for groups of all ages from the very young to the elderly”即可拷贝入题。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：coaching）解析： coaching解析 细节题。讲座中明确提到：Coaching is another duty you may choose to do especially early on in a career. 听到即可写入答案。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：healthy lifestyles）解析： healthy lifestyles解析 细节题。根据讲座中提到的“Their aim is to raise p
46、eople“s awareness of healthy lifestyles.”即可拷贝入题。 三、SECTION B INTERVIEW(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.English. B.Sanskrit.C.Greek.D.Latin.解析：听力原文 I: Good morning, listeners. Today, we are very happy to have Doctor Michael Williams to discuss evolution of language. Well, Michael. M: Thank you. Very pleas
47、ed to meet you all here. I: Michael, there have been many theories about why languages change. Can you give us some examples, please? M: Of course. The first established theory of language change is one of decay and decadence proposed in the 18th century view. Their reasoning is that the old Indo-Eu
48、ropean languages like Sanskrit, Greek and Latin all have complex declension and conjugation schemes. Overtime the number of cases dropped, and the modem Indo-European languages have far fewer cases for declension and conjugation. It is said that people get increasingly careless about their speech, so they are “decadent“ and have
