1、专业八级-196 及答案解析(总分：102.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/BI Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of TIIREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill iii is (are) both grammatically making a living for his family on the street, and staying at h
2、ome to see that no harm befell them. He talked in a monotonous, insistent way.Mrs. Pontellier sprang out of bed and went into the next room. She soon came back and sat on the edge of the bed, leaning her head down on the pillow. She said nothing, and refused to answer her husband when he questioned
3、her. When his cigar was smoked out he went to bed, and in half a minute he was fast asleep.Mrs. Pontellier was by that time thoroughly awake. She began to cry a little, and wiped her eyes on the sleeve of her peignoir. Blowing out the candle, which her husband had left burning, she slipped her bare
4、feet into a pair of satin mules at the foot of the bed and went out on the porch, where she sat down in the wicker chair and began to rock gently to and fro.It was then past midnight. The cottages were all dark. A single faint light gleamed out from the hallway of the house. There was no sound abroa
5、d except the hooting of an old owl in the top of a water-oak, and the everlasting voice of the sea, that was not uplifted at that soft hour. It broke like a mournful lullaby upon the night.The tears came so fast to Mrs. Pontellier s eyes that the damp sleeve of her peignoir no longer served to dry t
6、hem. She was holding the back of her chair with one hand; her loose sleeve had slipped almost to the shoulder of her uplifted arm. Turning, she thrust her face, steaming and wet, into the bend of her arm, and she went on crying there, not caring any longer to dry her face, her eyes, her arms. She co
7、uld not have told why she was crying. Such experiences as the foregoing were not uncommon in her married life. They seemed never before to have to have weighed much against the abundance of her husbands kindness and a uniform devotion which had come to be tacit and self-understood.An indescribable o
8、ppression, which seemed to generate in some unfamiliar part of her consciousness, filled her whole being with a vague anguish. It was like a shadow, like a mist passing across her souls summer day. It was strange and unfamiliar; it was a mood. She did not sit there inwardly upbraiding her husband, l
9、amenting at Fate, which had directed her footsteps to the path which they had taken. She was just having a good cry all to herself. The mosquitoes made merry over her, biting her firm, round arms and nipping at her bare insteps.The little stinging, buzzing imps succeeded in dispelling a mood which m
10、ight have held her there in the darkness half a night longer._BTEXT B/BIt was eleven oclock that night when Mr. Pontellier returned from Kleins hotel. He was in an excellent humor, in high spirits, and very talkative. His entrance awoke his wife, who was in bed and fast asleep when he came in. He ta
11、lked to her while he undressed, telling her anecdotes and bits of news and gossip that he had gathered during the day. From his trousers pockets he took a fistful of crumpled bank notes and a good deal of silver coin, which he piled on the bureau indiscriminately with keys, knife, handkerchief, and
12、whatever else happened to be in his pockets, she was overcome with sleep, and answered him with little half utterances.He thought it very discouraging that his wife, who was the sole object of his existence, evinced so little interest in things which concerned him, and valued so little his conversat
13、ion.Mr. Pontellier had forgotten the bonbons and peanuts for the boys. Notwithstanding he loved them very much, and went into the adjoining room where they were resting comfortably. The result of his investigation was far from satisfactory. He turned and shifted the youngsters about in bed. One of t
14、hem began to kick and talk about a basket full of crabs.Mr. Pontellier returned to his wife with the information that Raoul had a high fever and needed looking after. Then he lit a cigar and went and sat near the open door to smoke it.Mrs. Pontellier was quite sure Raoul had no fever. He had gone to
15、 bed perfectly well, she said, and nothing had ailed him all day. Mr. Pontellier was too will acquainted with fever symptoms to be mistaken. He assured her the child was consuming at that moment in the next room.He reproached his wife with her inattention, her habitual neglect of the children. If it
16、 was not a mothers place to look after children, whose on earth was it? He himself had his hands full with his brokerage business. He could not be in two places at once; making a living for his family on the street, and staying at home to see that no harm befell them. He talked in a monotonous, insi
17、stent way.Mrs. Pontellier sprang out of bed and went into the next room. She soon came back and sat on the edge of the bed, leaning her head down on the pillow. She said nothing, and refused to answer her husband when he questioned her. When his cigar was smoked out he went to bed, and in half a min
18、ute he was fast asleep.Mrs. Pontellier was by that time thoroughly awake. She began to cry a little, and wiped her eyes on the sleeve of her peignoir. Blowing out the candle, which her husband had left burning, she slipped her bare feet into a pair of satin mules at the foot of the bed and went out
19、on the porch, where she sat down in the wicker chair and began to rock gently to and fro.It was then past midnight. The cottages were all dark. A single faint light gleamed out from the hallway of the house. There was no sound abroad except the hooting of an old owl in the top of a water-oak, and th
20、e everlasting voice of the sea, that was not uplifted at that soft hour. It broke like a mournful lullaby upon the night.The tears came so fast to Mrs. Pontellier s eyes that the damp sleeve of her peignoir no longer served to dry them. She was holding the back of her chair with one hand; her loose
21、sleeve had slipped almost to the shoulder of her uplifted arm. Turning, she thrust her face, steaming and wet, into the bend of her arm, and she went on crying there, not caring any longer to dry her face, her eyes, her arms. She could not have told why she was crying. Such experiences as the forego
22、ing were not uncommon in her married life. They seemed never before to have to have weighed much against the abundance of her husbands kindness and a uniform devotion which had come to be tacit and self-understood.An indescribable oppression, which seemed to generate in some unfamiliar part of her c
23、onsciousness, filled her whole being with a vague anguish. It was like a shadow, like a mist passing across her souls summer day. It was strange and unfamiliar; it was a mood. She did not sit there inwardly upbraiding her husband, lamenting at Fate, which had directed her footsteps to the path which
24、 they had taken. She was just having a good cry all to herself. The mosquitoes made merry over her, biting her firm, round arms and nipping at her bare insteps.The little stinging, buzzing imps succeeded in dispelling a mood which might have held her there in the darkness half a night longer.（分数：5.0
25、0）(1).Mr. Pontellier came back in a/an _state of mind.（分数：1.00）A.excitedB.exasperatedC.depressedD.dejected(2).Mr. Pontetlier felt extremely frustrated because_.（分数：1.00）A.his wife oversleptB.his wife greeted lateC.his wife was indifferent to his talkD.his wife showed too much interest in his talk(3)
26、.Mr. Pontellier scolded his wife for _.（分数：1.00）A.she neglected their childrenB.she abused their childrenC.she seldom played with themD.she failed to clean the room their children slept in(4).Mrs. Pontellier cried _after she was reproached by her husband.（分数：1.00）A.littleB.a lotC.moderatelyD.control
27、lably(5).Mrs. Pontellier was seized by a sense of _after she awoke at midnight.（分数：1.00）A.joyB.hostilityC.depressionD.tolerance3.BTEXT C/BTeachers and other specialists in early childhood education recognize that children develop at different rates. Given anything that resembles a well-rounded life
28、with adults and other children to listen to, talk to, do things with their minds will acquire naturally all the skills required for further learning.Take for example, reading. The two strongest predictors of whether children will learn to read easily and well at school are whether they have learned
29、the names and the sounds of letters of the alphabet before they start school. That may seem to imply that letter names and sounds should be deliberately taught to young children, because these skills will not happen naturally.But in all the research programs where they have done just that instructed
30、 children, rehearsed the names and sounds over and over the results are disappointing. The widely accepted explanation is that knowledge of the alphabet for it to work in helping one to read, has to be deeply embedded in the childs mind. That comes from years of exposure and familiarity with letters
31、, from being read to, from playing with magnetic letters, drawing and fiddling with computers.So parents can do some things to help, although many do these things spontaneously. Instead of reading a story straight through, the reader should pause every so often and ask questions but not questions wh
32、ich can be answered by a yes or no. Extend their answers, suggest alternative possibilities and pose progressively more challenging questions.And with arithmetic do not explicitly sit down and teach children about numbers, but all those early years count when walking up steps. Recite nursery rhymes.
33、 Talk to children. Say this is a led apple, thru is a green one. Please get three eggs out of the fridge for meThe technical term in vogue for this subtle structuring of childrens early learning is “scaffolding“. Based on recent extensions of the work of the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky the ide
34、a is that there are things a child may be almost ready to do. Anna, for example, cannot tie a shoelace by herself, but if an adult or a competent child forms one of the loops for her, she will soon learn to do the rest. Applying this concept to older children, one wonderful teacher has her children
35、keep lists of “Words I can Almost Spell“.While this has all the hallmarks of common sense, it represents a significant change of emphasis from the idea of Piaget, which have dominated the theory of early childhood learning. The child in Piagets theory looks, more than anything, like a little scienti
36、st exploring the environment, observing, experimenting, thinking and slowly coming to his or her conclusions about how the world works. The image is of a rather solitary pursuit with all the real action in the childs head.The Vygotsky model re-introduces all the people who also inhabit the childs wo
37、rld parents, care-givers, relatives, siblings and all those other children at play or school. They are not simply noise, clattering in the background while the childs developing mind struggles on its own. The cognitive development of the child, that is, the learning of colors or numbers or letters d
38、epends on learning how to interact socially, how to learn from the people (as well as the things) in the environment.What is important is that the child develops the range of social skills being able to express a preference, knowing how to take rums, being able to stand up for themselves, being able
39、 to get into a group, being able to make decisions, being able to share, having confidence to go off on their own. These all require careful nurturing. No one is telling parents not to think about their children s developmentIt is just that it is more important to think about a childs desire to chat
40、 and the importance of social behavior and play activity, than the actually more trivial markers of intellectual achievement such as being the first kid in the group to cut a circle that looks like a circle._BTEXT C/BTeachers and other specialists in early childhood education recognize that children
41、 develop at different rates. Given anything that resembles a well-rounded life with adults and other children to listen to, talk to, do things with their minds will acquire naturally all the skills required for further learning.Take for example, reading. The two strongest predictors of whether child
42、ren will learn to read easily and well at school are whether they have learned the names and the sounds of letters of the alphabet before they start school. That may seem to imply that letter names and sounds should be deliberately taught to young children, because these skills will not happen natur
43、ally.But in all the research programs where they have done just that instructed children, rehearsed the names and sounds over and over the results are disappointing. The widely accepted explanation is that knowledge of the alphabet for it to work in helping one to read, has to be deeply embedded in
44、the childs mind. That comes from years of exposure and familiarity with letters, from being read to, from playing with magnetic letters, drawing and fiddling with computers.So parents can do some things to help, although many do these things spontaneously. Instead of reading a story straight through
45、, the reader should pause every so often and ask questions but not questions which can be answered by a yes or no. Extend their answers, suggest alternative possibilities and pose progressively more challenging questions.And with arithmetic do not explicitly sit down and teach children about numbers
46、, but all those early years count when walking up steps. Recite nursery rhymes. Talk to children. Say this is a led apple, thru is a green one. Please get three eggs out of the fridge for meThe technical term in vogue for this subtle structuring of childrens early learning is “scaffolding“. Based on
47、 recent extensions of the work of the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky the idea is that there are things a child may be almost ready to do. Anna, for example, cannot tie a shoelace by herself, but if an adult or a competent child forms one of the loops for her, she will soon learn to do the rest. A
48、pplying this concept to older children, one wonderful teacher has her children keep lists of “Words I can Almost Spell“.While this has all the hallmarks of common sense, it represents a significant change of emphasis from the idea of Piaget, which have dominated the theory of early childhood learnin
49、g. The child in Piagets theory looks, more than anything, like a little scientist exploring the environment, observing, experimenting, thinking and slowly coming to his or her conclusions about how the world works. The image is of a rather solitary pursuit with all the real action in the childs head.The Vyg
