1、专业八级-180 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BLibrary/B Looking up material for a research paper in a library should begin with the main(1)_. You can find cards bearing 1. _ key information about the books in the library in the small drawers. We have three types of cards fo
2、r each book, namely, (2)_cards, author cards and title cards. They are all 2. _ (3)_ordered. For the sequence of author cards, 3. _ (4)_names come first; while for title cards, articles 4. _ like the, a, an are(5)_. 5. _ On each card there is a (6)_number, through 6. _ which you can easily find the
3、book among the shelves. But if the book is stored only on the(7)_stacks, you must have 7. _ the help of a librarian to get the book. In that ease, you need to fill in a call slip. Before you can take the book out, the librarian must charge the book to your library card. With the help of an electroni
4、c device, the information of your borrowings are all stored in a(8)_. You must return the book within one 8. _ month. Or you can ask for a (9)_. Otherwise, you will 9. _ have to pay fine for(10)_books. 10. _（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/
5、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).Charles shop does not sell _.（分数：1.00）A.cigarettesB.exercise booksC.photocopiersD.chocolates(2).He bought a photocopier _.（分数：1.00）A.by accidentB.because he couldnt find a place to make a photocopyC.because there was no place nearby to provide the photocopy serviceD.because all s
6、orts of people need it(3).According to Charles, people send messages via facsimile because _.（分数：1.00）A.it is cheaper and faster than ordinary mailB.it can send things that could not be expressed by telexC.it is faster and not much more expensive than mailD.the Royal Mail could not reach places abro
7、ad(4).Charles does not like customers who _.（分数：1.00）A.are very rudeB.keep talking to him when he is busyC.only buy small thingsD.bargain with him too much(5).Charles thinks that nowadays running a small shop becomes increasingly difficult _.（分数：1.00）A.so his shop will surely go bankruptB.but his sh
8、op will surely make good moneyC.and the only way to save his shop is to change the governmentD.because its hard to keep up with the rising cost三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：5.00)(1).What issue will U. S. Energy Secretary probably discuss in his visit to IAEA headquarters?（分数：1.00）A.Anti-terrorism.B.Nuclea
9、r non-proliferation.C.Civilian use of uranium.D.Economic help to Eastern Europe.(3).Why are experts worried about the enriched uranium in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet States?（分数：1.00）A.They might fall into the hands of terrorists.B.They might cause nuclear pollution.C.They might be sold to R
10、ussia.D.They might be exchanged for weapons.I Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Which of the following statements is TRUE about Israeli Prime Minister Sharons pl
11、an?（分数：1.00）A.It proposes total withdrawal from Gaza and West Bank.B.Powell welcomes the plan.C.Palestinians think the plan is very constructive.D.The plan paves way for a Palestinian state.(2).What can best describe U. S. attitude toward the establishment of a Palestinian state next year?（分数：1.00）A
12、.Optimistic.B.Doubtful.C.Indifferent.D.Enthusiastic.四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BA deputy sheriffs dash mounted camera captures his tornado chase. Racing just minutes behind the monster storm he looks for damage and victims.Dep. Robert Jolley, “It was big and ugly.“He is stopped, briefly
13、, by a fallen power line.Dep. Robert Jolley, “We had to keep stopping, moving debris, out of the roadway, things like that.“At about this time, he sees the tornado begin tearing through the rural community of Bridge Creek.Beneath the storm, Robert Williams and his family climb into a closet and brac
14、e themselves for the very worst minutes of their lives.Robert Williams tells his familys story, “We set down and grabbed the door, and shut it, and held on to it as tight as I could. It snatched the roof off, and pulled the mattress up, and pulled all the kids up. I saw them go up; at the same time
15、the walls fell; my wife was holding on to me, fell over and sliding with the house, The trailer I guess blew up on this thing, and slid over the top of us, and then it pushed us over that there, somewheres. It killed my wife and had me trapped on the back of the house.“Williams wife died in his arms
16、.Robert Williams, “She couldnt say nothing. I just held her head in my hands, cause thats all I could get up, and tears roiled down her face, and she died, and that was it. Tough, tough, tough. Tough time for everybody.“His daughter, Amy Crago, her husband, Ben Molton, and their ten month old baby g
17、irl, Aleah, vanished.Amy Crago says, “We was all together, and we all rolled a little bit together, and then we just all went different directions. I dont know what happened to my baby during it all, but I didnt pass out through the whole thing, I remember it very well, and I was in the air, and all
18、 the debris was hitting me and you cant imagine how bad that hurt.“The tornado tossed Amy Crago and her baby hundreds of feet in different directions. She says, “I went to 6ne house and I reached in one window and got a shirt and put it on my head, cause it was bleeding, and I finally found a lady a
19、nd she took me down to where the police were and the police, I was just trying to get my baby, I thought my whole family was dead.“I just knew everybody was dead and I was all alone. I was so happy when they found her. Its just a miracle. Theres surely nothing else you can say about it.“Amy CragoEve
20、ntually Amy got a ride to a hospital. Thats about the time deputy Robert Jolley arrived and saw Amy% father. He says, “I saw one man walking in the road way say he lost his daughter and granddaughter, so this is where I immediately started looking.“At the scene of the tornado he describes what happe
21、ned when he went looking for the baby, “We got down here to where all this debris is up against the trees, Something caught the corner of my eye. I looked and I couldnt see anything. And when I looked again, I could see there was a baby, curled around the base of the tree, down there, had her little
22、 face in the mud.“Deputy Jolleys dash mounted camera captures the rest. “She actually looked like a rag doll. She was dirty. Her ears were packed with mud, her eyes were packed with mud. When the baby started crying, I felt great, felt wonderful. I kept the baby with me for about 45 minutes, before
23、I could find EMS, and I turned her over to them.“Baby Aleah was reunited with her mother in a hospital. Now they are staying in a motel with her dad. She says, “I just knew everybody was dead and I was all alone. I was so happy when they found her. Its just a miracle. There% surely nothing else you
24、can say about it.“Amy lost her mother; her husband is in critical condition, but alive. And except for a few bruises baby Aleah is doing just fine.（分数：4.00）(1).The person who found Amys baby was _.（分数：1.00）A.Amys fatherB.Robert JolleyC.the ladyD.a doctor(2).The baby was found _.（分数：1.00）A.in the mud
25、 at the base of a treeB.high in the branches of a treeC.in the closet of a ruined houseD.in a bush on a mountain slope(3).After the storm, Amy _.（分数：1.00）A.went searching and found her baby near the houseB.was happy because her mother was safe and soundC.found her baby when she was in a hospitalD.we
26、nt to find her father and met Deputy Jolley(4).How many people in Williams family were killed in the tornado?（分数：1.00）A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.BTEXT B/BThat man is an aggressive creature will hardly be disputed. With the exception of certain rodents, no other vertebrate habitually destroys members of his own
27、 species. No other animal takes positive pleasure in the exercise of cruelty upon another of his own kind. We generally describe the most disgusting examples of mans cruelty as brutal, implying by these adjectives that such behavior is characteristic of less highly developed animals than ourselves.
28、In truth, however, the extremes of “brutal“ behavior are confined to man; and there is no parallel in nature to our savage treatment of each other. The depressing fact is that we are the cruelest and most ruthless species that has ever walked the earth; and that, although we may shrink back in horro
29、r when we read in newspaper or history book of the brutalities committed by man upon man, we know in our hearts that each one of us harbors within ourselves those same savage impulses which lead to murder, to torture and to war.To write about human aggression is a difficult task because the term is
30、used in so many different senses. Aggression is one of those words which every one knows, but which is nevertheless hard to define. As psychologists use it, it covers a very wide range of human behavior. The red-faced infant squalling for the bottle is being aggressive; and so is the judge who award
31、s a thirty-year sentence for robbery. The guard in a concentration camp who tortures his helpless victim is obviously acting aggressively. Less manifestly, but no less certainly, so is the neglected wife who threatens or attempts suicide in order to regain her husbands affection. When a word becomes
32、 so diffusely applied that it is used both of the competitive striving of a footballer and also of the bloody violence of a murderer, it ought either to be dropped or else more closely defined. Aggression is a combined term which is fairly bursting at its junctions. Yet until we can more clearly des
33、ignate and comprehend the various aspects of human behavior which are subsumed under this head, we cannot discard the concept.One difficulty is that there is no clear dividing line between those forms of aggression which we all deplore and those which we must not disown if we are to survive. When a
34、child rebels against authority it is being aggressive; but it is also manifesting a drive towards independence which is a necessary and valuable part of growing up. The desire for power has, in extreme form, disastrous aspects which we all acknowledge; but the drive to conquer difficulties, or to ga
35、in mastery over the external world underlies the greatest of human achievements. Some writers define aggression as “that response which follows frustration“, or as “an act whose goal-response is injury to an organism (or organism surrogate)“. In the authors view these definitions impose limits upon
36、the concept of aggression which are not in accord with the underlying facts of human nature which the word is attempting to express. It is worth noticing, for instance, that the words we use to describe intellectual effort are aggressive words. We attack problems, or get our teeth into them. We mast
37、er a subject when we have struggled with and overcome its difficulties. We sharpen our wits, hoping that our mind will develop a keen edge in order that we may better divide a problem into its component parts. Although intellectual tasks are often frustrating, to argue that all intellectual effort i
38、s the result of frustration is to impose too negative a coloring upon the positive impulse to comprehend and master the external world.（分数：4.00）(1).In the authors view, man is unique in _.（分数：1.00）A.his savage treatment of his own kindB.enjoying watching disgusting acts of violenceC.gaining pleasure
39、 from brutally treating animalsD.his strong impulse to tackle intellectual problems(2).According to the author, the concept of “aggression“ _.（分数：1.00）A.is hard to define because it has been used by various disciplinesB.covers both deplorable and necessary behaviorsC.should be dropped altogetherD.sh
40、ould be better expressed by a different term(3).Which of the following is NOT true of intellectual effort?（分数：1.00）A.It is often described by aggressive words.B.It is a drive to gain control of the external world.C.It often leads to futile results.D.It is the result of frustration.(4).This passage i
41、s probably taken from an article on _.（分数：1.00）A.mans brutalities upon manB.definition of aggressionC.aggression underlying human behaviorsD.mans drive to master the external worldBTEXT C/BFor a long time we have worked hard at isolating the individual family. This has increased the mobility of indi
42、viduals; and by encouraging young families to break away from the older generation and the home community, we have been able to speed up the acceptance of change and the rapid spread of innovative behavior. But at the same time we have burdened every small family with tremendous responsibilities onc
43、e shared within three generations and among a large number of peoplethe nurturing of small children, the initiation of adolescents into adulthood, and care of the sick and disabled and the protection of the aged. What we have failed to realize is that even as we have separated the single family from
44、 the larger society, we have expected each couple to take on a range of obligations that traditionally have been shared within a family and a wider community.So all over the world there are millions of families left alone, as it were, each in its own boxparents faced with the specter of what may hap
45、pen if either one gets sick, children fearful that their parents may end their quarrels with divorce, and empty-handed old people without any role in the life of the next generation.Then, having reduced little by little to almost nothing the relationship between families and the community, when fami
46、lies get into trouble because they Cannot accomplish the impossible, we turn their problems over to impersonal social agencies, which can act only in a fragmented way because they are limited to patchwork programs that often are too late to accomplish what is most needed.Individuals and families do
47、get some kind of help, but what they learn and what those who work hard within the framework of social agencies convey, even as they try to help, is that families should be able to care for themselves.（分数：3.00）(1).According to the author, when young families are isolated, _.（分数：1.00）A.old people can
48、 easily accept the changeB.people can move from place to placeC.individuals can hardly become innovativeD.economy develops at high speed(2).What is said to be the major problem facing young couples?（分数：1.00）A.They need to fulfill more duties.B.They are incapable of balancing the budget.C.They have their children spoiled and overindulged.D.They get empty-handed after divorce.(3).The author implies that _.（分数：1.00）A.social agencies in America can be very helpful
