1、专业八级-178 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING we could not be ready for this. It is very 37 strange. The cycle of the yearly calendar has been disturbed greatly. Warming over northern land areas has been very greater than elsewhere in the world. The changes are due to human modification of the
2、 concentration of greenhouse gases during the 20th century, leading quite directly to the projections the Arctic will warm by several times as much 38 during the 21st century as it did during the 20th century. The amplified warming in Arctic, in turn, directly contributes to 39 overall global warmin
3、g, as well as cause changes that create 40 impacts over the rest of the globe.（分数：25.00）专业八级-178 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING a terrifying voice/a terrified girl。解析：had/解析 显然，情态助动词 might在这里是它的推测性用法，那么其后的动词形式则大有讲究。如果所作的推测的时间所指是将来，那么情态助动词后面的不定式动词应该用一般形式或进行体形式，如果所作的推测的时间所指是过去，那么其后应当是不定式动词的
4、完成体形式。这里是指人们担心还没有发生的事，担心 Mari将来能不能在新环境中适应下来，时间所指是将来，所以应该是 might have。解析：easinessease解析 easiness 和 ease虽然都是名词，但是意思上还是有所不同，前者是“容易”，往往指一件事情本身的难易程度。后者是“轻松、不费劲”，往往指做事的方式，如：He jumped over the wall with great ease.解析：armarms解析 名词的单复数可不是随心所欲使用的，有时要考虑在整篇文章中前后的一致。前文中说 Mari是失去双臂的，所以这里应该是复数。What is corporate cu
5、lture? At its most basic, it“s described like the personality of an organization, or simply 11 as “how things are done around here.“ It guides what 12 employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a wide term used to define the unique personality or character 13 of a particular company or org
6、anization, and include such 14 elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can be expressed in the company“s mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration, by what people wear to work, by how people a
7、ddress to each other, and in 15 the titles given to various employees. How do you uncover the corporate culture of a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture after 16 you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it thro
8、ugh research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with the research before the interview and ending with observation 17 at the interview. The bottom line is that you are going to spend a lot of time on the work environmentand to be 18 happy, successful, and producti
9、ve, you“ll want to be in a place where you fit for the culture, a place where you can 19 have voice, be respected, and have opportunities for growth. 20 （分数：25.00）解析：likeas解析 as 作为连词可以用在形容词前，和动词 regard或 describe搭配，表示“看作、描述成”。如：He regarded them as snobbish. /Officials described him as loyal. 这些表达中不能用
10、 like。当然 as也可以作为介词用在名词前和 regard、describe、treat、use 等动词搭配，如 I treated business as a game，但是表示比喻时，只能用 like，如：She sang like a bird.解析：whathow解析 这一题有一定的难度，这个宾语从句的引导词为什么不能用 what呢?因为 what作为疑问代词表示宾语从句的宾语，而这一句中谓语动词都是不及物动词，都不可以带宾语，所以不可能用 what，应当用表示方式的疑问副词 how。联系前一句“how things are done around here”也可以发现这个答案。解
11、析：widebroad解析 wide 和 broad容易错用。表示宽度宽时既可用 wide也可用 broad，wide 更常用，如 a wide river/a broad river。但是表示具体的物件时只用 wide，如 a wide bed，一般不说 a broad bed。表示生理特征、概念或范围时，要用 broad，如：a broad smile，broad shoulders，a broad meaning，a broad range of issues 等。解析：includeincludes解析 当句子结构较复杂时，要顾及后面部分的动词的形式，包括主谓一致、时态的一致。incl
12、ude 的主语是主句主语 corporate culture，所以应当是第三人称单数形式。解析：第二个 to/解析 address 解释为“对某人说话”时是及物动词，无需加介词，如：He is to address a large audience on the environmental protection next week.解析：afteruntil解析 根据上下文的逻辑，文章是说只有当求职者真正在公司工作了几个月后，才能了解它的文化。如果用 after则意义正好相反了。解析：第一个 the/解析 the research before the interview 是指面试前的某一项具
13、体的研究。前文并没有提及。所以这里 research应该是泛指，并非特指，应去掉 the。解析：onin解析 这里介词并不是和动词 spend搭配，而是和名词词组 work environment一起作状语，所以，用什么介词应该看 work environment，那么 on是不能和 environment搭配的，应该改为 in。解析：for/解析 fit 作为动词时，如果是及物动词，那么可以说 fit something/somewhere，或 fit somebody for something；如果作为形容词，可以说 be fit for something，但是没有动词词组 fit f
14、or的用法。解析：voicea解析 have a voice in something 的意思是“有权利对某事发表看法”。这个词组中的不定冠词不能省略，但是可以用 no代替表示相反的意思。如：He has a voice in how they operate the company.The Indian coastal belt has not recorded many Tsunamis in the past. Waves companying earthquake activity 21 have been reported over the North Bay of Bengal.
15、During an earthquake in 1881 which has its epicenter near the 22 centre of the Bay of Bengal, Tsunamis were reported. The 23 earthquake of 1941 in Bay of Bengal caused some damage 24 in Andaman region. This was unusual because most Tsunamis were generated by shocks which occur at or near the flanks
16、of continental slopes. During the earthquake of 1819 and 1845 near the Rann of Kutch, there were rapid movements of water into sea. 25 There is no mention of waves resulting in these earthquakes 26 along the coast adjacent the Arabian sea, and it is 27 unlikely that Tsunamis were generated. Further
17、west, in the Persian Gulf, the 1945 Mekran earthquake generated Tsunami of 12 to 15 metres height. This caused a huge deluge, with considerate loss of life and property at Ormara and 28 Pasi. The estimated height of Tsunami at Gulf of Combay was 15m and no report of damage is available. The estimate
18、d 29 height of waves was about 2 metres at Mumbai, which 30 boats were taken away from their moorings and casualties occurred.（分数：25.00）解析：companyingaccompanying解析 动词 accompany和名词 company不要混淆。company 为名词，除了“公司”这个意思以外，还有“陪伴、伙伴”的意思。比如，keep somebody company(陪伴某人)，have no company(没有伙伴)。accompany 作为动词是“陪
19、伴，伴随”的意思，如：accompany somebody on a trip, be accompanied by the local official等。解析：hashad解析 这里讲的是 1881年的地震，应该用过去时态。解析：wereare解析 虽然主句是过去时态，但是 because从句中讲的是没有时间限制的一般道理，不因为时间的改变而改变，所以应该用现在时态。即使是在一个句子中，动词的时态也未必是一致的，要根据具体的时间所指而定。解析：earthquakeearthquakes解析 这里说的是 1819年和 1845年的两次地震，所以对应的名词应该是复数形式。解析：seathe解析
20、 名词 sea前通常要带定冠词，这属习惯用法。另外，表示具体的海洋、江河等名称前通常也有定冠词，如 the Atlantic, the Thames, the Mediterranean等。解析：infrom解析 result in 和 result from的区别是：前者介词 in后面跟结果，后者介词 from后面跟原因。从上下文来看，是说地震引起海浪，所以应该是 from。解析：adjacentto解析 形容词 adjacent可以直接放在名词前作定语，例如 an adjacent city(一个邻近的城市)。但是如果作后置定语就要和介词 to搭配，例如 a city adjacent t
21、o Shanghai(邻近上海的城市)。解析：considerateconsiderable解析 considerate 和 considerable词性相同，词形相似，意义不同，是较易被混淆的两个词。前者是“周到的、体贴的”，如：You should be considerate of other people. 后者是“相当大的、相当多的”，如：He is a politician of considerable influence.解析：andbut解析 前文说 12米到 15米高的海啸给 Ormara和 Pasi两个地方带来了很大的损失，而Combay海湾的海啸有 15米，却没有灾难记
22、录。从前后句的逻辑关系来看，二者是对比转折，所以应该用but。解析：whichwhere解析 先行词是 Mumbai，在非限制性关系分句中作地点状语，所以应该用关系副词where引导。Changes in climate that had already taken place are 31 manifested from the decrease in extent and thickness of 32 Arctic sea ice, permafrost thawing, coastal erosion, changes in ice sheets and ice shelves, al
23、tered distribution and 33 abundance of species. Nowadays snows melt earlier in the springtime. Lakes, rivers and bogs freeze much more later in the autumn. Reindeer 34 herding becomes more difficult so the ice is weak and 35 may give way. Nowadays the winters are much colder than 36 they used to be.
24、 Occasionally during winter time it rains. We never expected this; we could not be ready for this. It is very 37 strange. The cycle of the yearly calendar has been disturbed greatly. Warming over northern land areas has been very greater than elsewhere in the world. The changes are due to human modi
25、fication of the concentration of greenhouse gases during the 20th century, leading quite directly to the projections the Arctic will warm by several times as much 38 during the 21st century as it did during the 20th century. The amplified warming in Arctic, in turn, directly contributes to 39 overal
26、l global warming, as well as cause changes that create 40 impacts over the rest of the globe.（分数：25.00）解析：hadhave解析 使用过去完成体，必须有上下文或语境表明这个动作或状态发生在过去某个时间点以前。而这里上下文并没有提供这样一个过去的时间点，所以用过去完成体是不合适的。解析：fromin解析 表示“在方面”很多时候用介词 in表示。manifest something in something意思是“在方面表现出来”。例如：His frustration manifested its
27、elf in his silence and inactiveness.解析：alteredand解析 这里要看出并列的几个名词词组是 extent and thickness., permafrost thawing，coastal erosion, changes in ice sheets and ice shelves, altered distribution and abundance of species，两个 and并不是连接这几个并列项的，所以必须在最后一项altered distribution and abundance of species前加上并列连词 and。解析：
28、more/解析 later 本身已经是比较级，不能再加 more。这一题并不难，只是大家在写作中常犯这种错误。解析：soas/since解析 这里要理清主从句的因果关系，从上下文来看，应该说“冰层变薄”是因，“放牧驯鹿变得困难”是果，所以应该把 so改成 as或 since。解析：colderwarmer解析 文章谈的是气候变暖问题。“冬季变冷”显然与整个文章的逻辑不符，所以应该把 colder改成 warmer。解析：very/或 verymuch解析 very 不修饰形容词或副词的比较级，可以用 much，far 修饰比较级。不过，very 可以修饰以-est 结尾的最高级，如 the very best play等，但是不修饰 the most+形容词，不能说 the very most intelligent。解析：projectionsthat解析 projections 后面的从句是同位语从句，同位语从句的引导词 that不可以省略。解析：Arcticthe解析 “北极”Arctic 前要加定冠词。解析：causecauses解析 as well as 后的动词与前半句的 contributes to属于并列成份，故应使用单三形式 causes。
