1、专业八级-173 及答案解析(总分：101.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BBritish Education/BB. British Education Acts/BA. 1870 Act: inspired by the example of massU (1) /Uin Germany (1)_B. 1902 Act:-established local education authorities (LEAs)-establishedU (2) /Ufor secondary education (2)_C. 1944 Act
2、: established age of free and compulsory secondary educationD. 1988 Act=free individual schools from LEAsB. Contrasts with American Education/BA. State schools in Britain vs. public schools in AmericaB. Grammar schools:U (3) /Uschools (3)_C. Secondary modern schools=providing vocational educationB.
3、Types of Schools in Britain/BA. Private boarding schoole. g. Eton College, Harrow School, Rugby School, and Winchester School.-attended by the wealthy and influential due to highU (4) /U (4)_including:-preparatory schools (age of 7 to the age of 11,12 or 13)-U (5) /Uschools (age of 11,12,or 13 to 18
4、 or 19) (5)_B. Schools supported with public fundse.g. -state schools: owned and funded by LEAs-U (6) /Uschools: established and funded by religious groups (6)_ -self-governing orU (7) /U(GM) schools: receiving funds directly from (7)_ the government-specialist schools: connected to a privateU (8) /
5、U (8)_C. Comprehensive schools (in Scotland)serving students of all abilitiesD. Schools subordinate to religious groups (in Northern Ireland)-U (9) /Uschool: maintained by the catholic or the Protestant church (9)_-U (10) /Uschools (10)_（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1
6、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)I Questions 1 to 5 are based on a conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the conversation./I（分数：5.00）(1).In 1900, the worlds use of paper was ab
7、out _ for each person in a year.（分数：1.00）A.50 kilogramsB.I kilogramC.5 kilogramsD.15 kilograms(2).Chinese paper was made from（分数：1.00）A.the hair-like parts of certain plants.B.the wood of trees.C.the skin of certain young animals.D.the stem Of tall plants.(3).Who found out that paper could be made f
8、rom trees?（分数：1.00）A.An Englishman.B.A Canadian man.C.A Swedish man.D.A German.(4).Now _ makes the best paper in the world.（分数：1.00）A.NorwayB.USAC.CanadaD.Finland(5).Some people in Finland wear paper boots in the snow in winter because（分数：1.00）A.they are waterproof.B.nothing could be warmer.C.they a
9、re convenient.D.they are durable.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：4，分数：7.00)(1).I Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.IQuestions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of
10、 the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the two questions. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).What happened shortly after the explosion?（分数：1.00）A.Shops on the street closed down.B.People were fleeing the city.C.Shooting broke out.D.Assembly meeting was immediately held.(2)
11、.People protested against（分数：1.00）A.the detention of Mr. Wudato Santallo.B.the fraud elections.C.the rising of taxes.D.the police brutality.1.I Question 9 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：1.
12、00）A.B.C.D.(1).IQuestion 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.四、BPART READING (总题数：7，分数：19.00)BTEXT A/BExcept at night, they hardly ever have time together. He often sits alone i
13、n the house waiting for Julie-Julie to come home. It would be nice to have kids to play with when one comes home from work. But, Oh, the house is too small, Kappy-Pappy dear. We need to save and move to a bigger place before we can start a family.Kapsak never understands that. What does a big house
14、have to do with having children? When he and Eka Udo had children, did they have a big house? But they died, didnt they? And the doctor later said something about cramped living conditions making it easy for malaria to virtually wipe out his family. So maybe Julie-Julie has a point. All his children
15、 had died because of being cooped up in one room. All except Udo. Udo Kapsak would not ordinarily admit it but the truth is he misses the boy so much. Udos full-faced smile. His quirky-chirpy ways. His innocent probing manner. Oh Udo! Hell be approaching five now. Five! A big baby!Sighing noisily, K
16、apsak tries to put thoughts of his son out of his mind. He has not seen the boy in over three years. And maybe he has gone the way his brother and sisters went. No. Not likely. Awadamoto would have told him. Awadamoto. Its been a long time since Kapsak saw him.Throwing on a shirt, Kapsak hurries off
17、 to the taxi rank in the business district. “Kapsak, Kapsak!“ Awadamoto cheers as his childhood friend approaches. “Awadamoto! You have abandoned me!“ “Use that word lightly, Kapsak. You know who has done the most abandoning between me and you.“ “But Awad, we live here in town together.“ “Blame that
18、 wife of yours. I did not go to school and I dont like going near people who make me remember that all the time.“ Kapsak has it in mind to say something good about his wife, but something else jumps to his mouth.“Come Awad, what is Gestapo?“ “Gestapo?“ “No, Gestapo.“ “Man, I dont know. Where did you
19、 hear it?“ “Eh, I heard it somewhere. How is the village?“ “Exactly as you left it.“ “And. “ “Eka Udo?“ “Yes. How is she?“ “How does it concern you? Anyway, I heard some big chief from her mothers village has taken her for his third wife.“ “What of my son? Is it well with him?“ “You would have known
20、 if you had bothered to go and check on him. Look, its my turn. “Bawling out to passengers to climb into his ramshackle taxi, Awadamoto ambles off.It is pouring heavily when Julie-Julie returns. Outside, it is rain. Inside, it is confusion. Kapsak is at first happy to see her back safely. Then his h
21、appiness turns to anger as she carries on about what an exciting time she had. Finally his anger succumbs to her gentle caresses and passion rules their world. Julie-Julie shoots out at first light. “Ive got to see someone urgently, Kappy-Pappy. “Kappy-Pappy, that is my name now, Kapsak laughs to hi
22、mself as he shuffles off to the construction site where he manages to earn a few bucks. On his way into the main yard, he ducks out of the way of a fast-moving four-wheel drive vehicle driven by an expatriate. Cursing lightly, he looks back to see the driver locked in a passionate kiss with a woman
23、with luxuriant hair.“No wonder he nearly killed me!“ Kapsak spits out. “Early morning and hes already.“His mouth remains open but the words dry up. like the water taps of the city. The woman with the expatriate turns momentarily, perhaps to pick up something from the backseat. In that instant, Kapsa
24、k sees clearly the woman for whom he had left his first wife and forsaken his family and people.But he does not see the earthmover in front of him. Neither does he hear its powerful horns. And the driver of the earthmover does not see Kapsak. By the time someone notices the crushed figure lying by t
25、he roadside, a blackening pool of blood has begun to seep into the earth.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the doctor, Kapsak and Eka Udos children（分数：1.00）A.died of a constant headache.B.died from a traffic accident.C.died of an infectious malady.D.died from goods famine.(2).The phrase “cooped up“ in the s
26、econd paragraph probably means（分数：1.00）A.mobilized.B.captivated.C.confined.D.shoved.(3).Which of the following statements is NOT true of Kapsaks life?（分数：1.00）A.Kapask came across Awadamoto.B.His friend, Awadamoto, doesnt like Julie.C.Perhaps Julie is Kapsaks second wife.D.Kapask wasnt sure whether
27、Udo is still alive.(4).All of the following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT that（分数：1.00）A.Kapask and Julie had extra marital affairs.B.Kapasks parents may not forgive him.C.Julie lied to Kapask about her whereabouts.D.Julie and Kapask were blessed by his friends.(5).The best title for the p
28、assage would probably be（分数：1.00）A.Kapask and Julie.B.Death of Kapask.C.Love Affairs.D.Kapasks Children.2.BTEXT B/BThe romantic image of the trusty postman, delivering letters to the farthest-flung corners of the land, makes the reform of postal services a sensitive subject. This is especially true
29、when the impetus for reform comes from the European Union. This month the European Parliament starts work on a directive, drawn up by the European Commission, to remove the last monopolies in postal markets by 2009-the final stage in a slow and laborious liberalisation that began in 1992. Directives
30、 in 1997 and 2002 chipped away at the centuries-old monopolies enjoyed by national operators, and the proposed new law will open the whole market to competition by abolishing the “reserved area“ on mail weighing less than 50 grams. But although the legislative wheels are in motion, some countries ar
31、e as sceptical as ever.The commission says it has deliberately pursued postal liberalisation at a slower pace than other market openings. This is partly due to its technical complexity. Unlike in telecoms, post has no physical network to share. Many countries had to create independent regulators fro
32、m scratch in order to monitor mar ket access and prices. The size of the heavily unionised postal industry also prompted caution. It employs some 5m people directly and indirectly, and its turnover is roughly 1% of Europes combined GDP.But arguably the biggest drag on liberalisation is old-fashioned
33、 resistance to open markets, plus a dash of reverence for letter writing. One opponent of the 2009 deadline talks of “a noble industry that we want to protect“ and lauds the virtues of pen and paper. All postal operators recognise, however, that the epistolary habit has taken a hit from the Internet
34、. With deadening pragmatism, the commission says liberalisation will improve quality and choice and reduce state subsidies.Countries that have already opened their markets, such as Sweden and Britain, agree. Since Swedens Posten AB was privatised in 1993, prices for business customers have fallen by
35、 30%, though they have risen for consumers. The postal network has been extended, with new outlets in supermarkets and longer opening hours. Proponents of reform argue that Sweden, which has one of the lowest population densities in the EU, disproves the argument that rural countries cannot both hav
36、e open markets and provide a standard service for everyone.But France, Spain, Italy and other countries worry that abolishing the “reserved area“ will damage this universal-service obligation. Last month Francois Loos, Frances industry minister, said 2009 was “an indicative date“ for competition rat
37、her than a firm deadline. A spokesman for PostEurop, a lobby group representing European postal operators, says several countries would prefer a deadline of 2012 at the earliest, with the wholly implausible argument that more time is needed to research the impact of liberalisation.The commission kno
38、ws a delaying tactic when it sees one. Operators have had years to prepare for liberalisation. But some countries, such as Greece and Luxembourg, seem to want to protect their national monopolies at any cost. The attitudes of central European countries are more difficult to predict. Their government
39、s supported the liberal services directive, which favoured their mobile, comparatively cheap workforces, but have expressed doubts about opening protected home markets to competition.Incumbents may have less to fear from competition than they think, however. In countries with open markets, the forme
40、r monopolists have remained dominant. In Britain the Royal Mail has 96.5% of the market; in Sweden Posten AB has 91.5%. Regulators do not expect big changes in either country. Indeed, some advocates of liberalisation worry that open postal markets will fail to attract new entrants and that eliminati
41、ng the reserved area will not guarantee competition.The debate over market opening is an opportunity to find out what people really want from their postal services and a chance to rethink how they work, says Michael Critelli, the boss of Pitney Bowes, a company that makes postal equipment and softwa
42、re. Some people might, for example, choose to have domestic mail delivered to their offices on weekdays, he suggests. But such innovations will happen only if national governments can be discouraged from stamping the commissions proposals “return to sender“._BTEXT B/BThe romantic image of the trusty
43、 postman, delivering letters to the farthest-flung corners of the land, makes the reform of postal services a sensitive subject. This is especially true when the impetus for reform comes from the European Union. This month the European Parliament starts work on a directive, drawn up by the European
44、Commission, to remove the last monopolies in postal markets by 2009-the final stage in a slow and laborious liberalisation that began in 1992. Directives in 1997 and 2002 chipped away at the centuries-old monopolies enjoyed by national operators, and the proposed new law will open the whole market t
45、o competition by abolishing the “reserved area“ on mail weighing less than 50 grams. But although the legislative wheels are in motion, some countries are as sceptical as ever.The commission says it has deliberately pursued postal liberalisation at a slower pace than other market openings. This is p
46、artly due to its technical complexity. Unlike in telecoms, post has no physical network to share. Many countries had to create independent regulators from scratch in order to monitor mar ket access and prices. The size of the heavily unionised postal industry also prompted caution. It employs some 5
47、m people directly and indirectly, and its turnover is roughly 1% of Europes combined GDP.But arguably the biggest drag on liberalisation is old-fashioned resistance to open markets, plus a dash of reverence for letter writing. One opponent of the 2009 deadline talks of “a noble industry that we want
48、 to protect“ and lauds the virtues of pen and paper. All postal operators recognise, however, that the epistolary habit has taken a hit from the Internet. With deadening pragmatism, the commission says liberalisation will improve quality and choice and reduce state subsidies.Countries that have already opened their markets, such as Swede
