1、专业八级-169 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING the length of a “branch“ indicates the extent of word replacement that took 20 place as each old language morphed into its current form.（分数：25.00）So why do I talk about the benefits of failure? Simply because failure meant a stripping away of the i
2、nessential. I stopped pretending to me that I was anything other than 21 what I was, and began to direct all my energy for finishing 22 the only work that mattered to me. Have I really succeeded 23 at anything else, I might never have found the determination to succeed in the one arena I believed I
3、truly belonged. I was set free, because my greatest fear had been realised, and I was still alive, and I yet had a daughter whom I adored, and 24 I had an old typewriter and a big idea. And so rock bottom became the solid foundation which I rebuilt my life. You 25 might never fail on the scale I did
4、, but some failure in life is inevitable. It is possible to live without failing at something, 26 unless you live so cautiously that you might as well as not 27 have lived at allin which case, you fail by default. Failure gave me an inner security that I had never attained by passing examinations. F
5、ailure taught me things about myself that I could have learned any other way. I discovered that I had 28 a strong will and the more discipline than I had suspected; 29 I also found out that I had friends whose value was truly above the price of rubies. The knowledge which you have 30 emerged wiser a
6、nd stronger from setbacks means that you are, ever after, secure in your ability to survive.（分数：25.00）Unlike any other creature on this planet, humans can learn and understand, without having experienced. They can think themselves into other people“s places. Of course, this is power that is morally
7、neutral. 31 One might use such an ability to manipulate or control, just as much as to understand or sympathy. 32 And many prefer to exercise their imaginations at all. They 33 choose to remain comfortably within the bounds of their own experience, never trouble to wonder how it would 34 feel to hav
8、e been born other than they are. They can refuse to hear screams or to peer inside cages; they can open their 35 minds and hearts to any suffering that does not touch them personally; they can refuse to know. I might be attempted 36 to envy people who can live that way, except that I do not think th
9、ey have any fewer nightmares than I did. Choosing 37 to live in narrow spaces leads to a form of mental agoraphobia, and that brings its own terrors. I think the willfully imaginative see more monsters. They are often more afraid. 38 What is more, those who choose not to empathise enable real monste
10、rs. For without ever committing to an act of 39 outright evil ourselves, we collude with it, through our own apathy. One of the many things I learned at the end of that Classics corridor down which I ventured at the age of 18, in search of something I could not then define, was this, written by the
11、Greek author Plutarch: What we achieve inwardly will change out reality. 40 （分数：25.00）专业八级-169 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING the length of a “branch“ indicates the extent of word replacement that took 20 place as each old language morphed into its current form.（分数：25.00）解析：oneones解析 被代替的
12、是 languages，所以应该用复数形式 ones。解析：intendstends解析 intend to do sth. 的意思是“打算做某事”，主语应该是人，而 tend to do sth. 的意思是“往往会”，此处表示“语言渐渐稳定下来”。解析：identificationidentity解析 identification“身份的确认”；identity 才是“身份”，在心理学和社会学中，identity 的意思是“对于某个群体的认同”。解析：occurtheywhen解析 前面的分句 about 20 percent of genetic changes among species
13、 occur跟后面的分句 they first split off之间缺少连词，根据句意，应该插入从属连词 when，连接两个分句。解析：happenshappen解析 当 the rest作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于它所指代的名词是否可数。这里 the rest指代 changes，是可数名词的复数，所以谓语动词应该用 happen。解析：withfor解析 带有逻辑主语的不定式的形式是 for sb. to do sth. ，介词只能是 for。解析：so/解析 本句大意是“我们对待各种语言的方式跟我们利用基因的方式一模一样。”so 是多余的。解析：likeas解析 like 只能用作
14、介词，as 可以作介词，也可以作连词。在口语中，可以用 like代替 as作连词，但不符合正式语法。解析：existedexisting解析 existing 的意思是“现存的”，existed 只是 exist的过去式，不能作定语修饰名词。解析：indicatesindicated解析 根据前面分句的时态，以及后面的关系分句中的 took，indicate 应该用过去式，所以将 indicates改为 indicated。So why do I talk about the benefits of failure? Simply because failure meant a strippi
15、ng away of the inessential. I stopped pretending to me that I was anything other than 21 what I was, and began to direct all my energy for finishing 22 the only work that mattered to me. Have I really succeeded 23 at anything else, I might never have found the determination to succeed in the one are
16、na I believed I truly belonged. I was set free, because my greatest fear had been realised, and I was still alive, and I yet had a daughter whom I adored, and 24 I had an old typewriter and a big idea. And so rock bottom became the solid foundation which I rebuilt my life. You 25 might never fail on
17、 the scale I did, but some failure in life is inevitable. It is possible to live without failing at something, 26 unless you live so cautiously that you might as well as not 27 have lived at allin which case, you fail by default. Failure gave me an inner security that I had never attained by passing
18、 examinations. Failure taught me things about myself that I could have learned any other way. I discovered that I had 28 a strong will and the more discipline than I had suspected; 29 I also found out that I had friends whose value was truly above the price of rubies. The knowledge which you have 30
19、 emerged wiser and stronger from setbacks means that you are, ever after, secure in your ability to survive.（分数：25.00）解析：memyself解析 当出现在同一个分句中时，代词 me不能跟主语 I共指，所以此处需用myself。解析：for finishingto finish解析 动词 direct跟宾语的搭配方式是 direct sb. to do sth. 。解析：HaveHad解析 本句不是疑问句，是倒装的非真实条件句。主句用的是 might have done，从句需要
20、用 If.had done.由于 if省略，引起倒装，had 提前到句首。解析：yetstill解析 作“还，仍然”解释时，yet 用于否定句和疑问句，still 用于肯定句。解析：foundationwhichon解析 指代 foundation的关系代词 which在关系分句中无处依着，添加on以后，which 作介词补语，同时，build something on something else 是一个搭配。解析：possibleimpossible解析 本句的大意是“人生不可能从不失败，除非”，因此应用impossible，而 possible显然跟上下文的意思不符。解析：第二个 as/
21、解析 might/may as well 是一个习惯搭配，意义是“不妨”，还可以说成might/may just as well和 might/may well。解析：anyno解析 本句的大意是“失败教给了我用任何别的方式都无法学到的东西。”所以要用 no other way。解析：the/解析 此处并非 the more.the more的结构，只是形容词 much的比较级，无需 the。解析：whichthat解析 the knowledge 后面跟的是同位语从句，不是关系从句，因此不能用 which，而要用 that引导。Unlike any other creature on thi
22、s planet, humans can learn and understand, without having experienced. They can think themselves into other people“s places. Of course, this is power that is morally neutral. 31 One might use such an ability to manipulate or control, just as much as to understand or sympathy. 32 And many prefer to e
23、xercise their imaginations at all. They 33 choose to remain comfortably within the bounds of their own experience, never trouble to wonder how it would 34 feel to have been born other than they are. They can refuse to hear screams or to peer inside cages; they can open their 35 minds and hearts to a
24、ny suffering that does not touch them personally; they can refuse to know. I might be attempted 36 to envy people who can live that way, except that I do not think they have any fewer nightmares than I did. Choosing 37 to live in narrow spaces leads to a form of mental agoraphobia, and that brings i
25、ts own terrors. I think the willfully imaginative see more monsters. They are often more afraid. 38 What is more, those who choose not to empathise enable real monsters. For without ever committing to an act of 39 outright evil ourselves, we collude with it, through our own apathy. One of the many t
26、hings I learned at the end of that Classics corridor down which I ventured at the age of 18, in search of something I could not then define, was this, written by the Greek author Plutarch: What we achieve inwardly will change out reality. 40 （分数：25.00）解析：powera解析 power 通常用作不可数名词，但此处临时成为可数名词，原因是它带了关系
27、分句 that is morally neutral，整个短语的意思是“一种非善非恶的能力”。不可数名词的这类意义需要有 a，表示“一种”，相当于 a kind of。解析：sympathysympathize解析 as much as 连接的比较结构，to manipulate or control 与 to understand or sympathize相并列。sympathy 是名词，其动词形式是 sympathize。解析：prefernot解析 句尾的 at all往往用于否定句和疑问句；更重要的是，下文的“他们选择舒适地呆在自身经验的小世界里”，表明他们没有运用想象力。这里应该添
28、加 not，意思是“他们选择了根本不用他们的想象力。”解析：troubletroubling解析 trouble 所在的分句应该变成非限定分句，作状语修饰主句。由于前面是逗号，此处不适合添加 and。解析：openclose解析 前面的分句的大意是“他们不想听到(痛苦的)呐喊或者看一眼囚笼(里的世界)，此处应该是“他们禁闭了自己的心灵，漠视与他们自身无关的苦痛”，如果用 open，就成了“开放自己的心灵”，跟上下文不符，所以应改为 close。解析：attemptedtempted解析 attempt 的意思是“尝试”，tempt 才是“使很想要做某事”。解析：diddo解析 本句大意是“但是
29、我认为他们的恶梦不会比我的少”，上下文用的都是现在时，这里也不是要说“我以前做的恶梦”，所以 did应改为 do。解析：imaginativeunimaginative解析 上文说的是“我”不想丧失想象力，下一句的 they跟“我”是相反的人，所以此处应该用 unimaginative，指那些禁闭了自己的想象力的人。解析：to/解析 commit to 的意思是“使忠于，使尽力做”，而此处的宾语是 an act of evil，意思不通。commit 的意思是“做(坏事，错事)，犯下(错误，罪行)”的意思，例如，commit a crime，所以应该删除 to。解析：outouter解析 inwardly 相当于 in our inner world(内心世界)，与此对应的说法是 outer world(外部世界)或者 outer reality(外部现实)，所以 out应改为 outer。
