1、专业八级-152 及答案解析(总分：100.05，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：3，分数：100.00)How to Study English in Your Dream: the Theory. Introduction A. Connections among English study, 1 B. Two related fields: foreign language acquisition 2 psychology . English Study A. Human Beings: to get all kinds of informat
2、ion by five senses B. Seeing: to 3 83.3% of all information vision has 4 the more visualized and 5 , the better memorized C. Daydreams: to serve better than visualized lessons because you can live your past experience repeatedly you can apply to all senses 6 or not D. Other techniques: to magnify, m
3、inify, 7 , etc. closely related to 8 very professional topics . Dream: a(n) 9 of living experience and imagination A. Imagination is a(n) 10 B. Living experience is the collection of memories 11 of one“s own experience begins as a person could remember things C. Imagination can greatly improve Engli
4、sh study . Review A. English study: to be enhanced by 12 through five senses B. Living experience: collection of memories C. Dream: composed of imagination and living experience D. Dream goes with sub-consciousness imagination can 13 and fantasy matches with consciousness . Conclusion You can have a
5、 dream in 14 with: A. A good preparation of living experience B. A 15 into vivid imagination in your mind （分数：30.00）Developing an Advertising CampaignGenerally speaking, four major steps are involved in the development of an advertising campaign. . 16 and analyzing the advertising target A. Have 17
6、of your advertising target critical: it is the 18 of other steps B. 16 to develop an information base for the campaign . 20 the advertising platform Advertising platform refers to the selling points which an advertiser thinks are important to 21 One of the best ways to determine what the selling poi
7、nts are is through 22 . . Developing the media plan A. Formulation of a media plan involves the 23 of exact media time arrangement with each medium B. Factors to be considered in this step include characteristics of 24 the 25 of media the 26 . 27 A. Execution of an advertising campaign requires much
8、 planning and 28 B. Detailed 29 are required to ensure everything is done on time C. 30 of the quality of work is also necessary to make improvements （分数：30.00）General Ideas about Rhetoric. The definition that through five senses imagination can greatly improve English study. However, there is a sli
9、ght difference between imagination in a dream and that in fantasy, the former being controllable by consciousness while the latter by sub-consciousness. In another words, one can not manipulate his dream; but he can take firm hold of everything in his fantasy. Thus, your imagination runs freely with
10、 your sub-consciousness while it can be manipulated by your consciousness. Here comes a review: firstly, English study can be enhanced by imagination through five senses. Secondly, living experience is merely the collection of your own memories of what you have been through since the day you could r
11、emember things. Thirdly, dream is composed of imagination and living experience of both past and presence. Fourthly, the difference between dream and fantasy is that dream goes with sub-consciousness in which imagination can run free, and fantasy matches with consciousness in which imagination can b
12、e controlled. Putting the conclusions above together, we can find out that with a good preparation of living experience concerning English you would like to learn, with a conversion from the English material into vivid imagination in your mind, you can have a dream in English language as depicted at
13、 the outset of this lecture. 解析 讲座一开头便提到要简要介绍在英语学习、想象力和梦之间的联系，所以答案为 imagination and dream。解析：cognitive解析 讲座的主题关于“how to study English in your dream(如何在梦中学习英语)”，随后紧接着涉及英语学习、想象和梦之间的关系。根据录音原文提及的两个学科-Foreign Language Acquisition和 Cognitive Psychology，可知答案为 cognitive。解析：receive/absorb解析 此题介绍了 5种感官接受信息的区别
14、。根据录音原文“调查显示，在所有的信息中，83.3%是通过视觉获得的”，可推测答案为 receive或其同义词 absorb。解析：vital importance解析 在讲到 5种感官的时候，视觉在接收资料的过程中是最重要的，空格处应填入 vital importance。解析：vivid解析 此题具体谈论视觉和信息之间的关系。录音原文提到“内容越形象、生动，给人留下的印象就越深”，对照题目，可知答案为 vivid。解析：available解析 此题继续具体谈论学习、感官和梦之间的关系，根据录音原文“不仅能够回忆过往经历，而且能应用可获得的感觉”，答案为 available。解析：exagg
15、erate解析 此题谈及增强想象力效果的方法。录音提到“增强想象力效果的方法包括放大、缩小、夸张等”。根据原文中的关键信息 magnifying，minifying，exaggerating，再题目给出了 to，要求填入动词原形，故应填入 exaggerate。解析：development of imagination解析 讲座在谈到英语学习的其他技巧时，说到它们和想象力的发展紧密相连，所以答案为 development of imagination。解析：combination/mixture解析 此题涉及梦的定义。录音原文中提到“根据弗洛伊德对梦的定义，梦是生活经历和想象的混合物”，由此可
16、知答案为 combination或 mixture。解析：part of dream解析 讲到梦的时候，讲座说想象力是梦的一部分，原文中用的是 a part of dream，题目要求不能超过 3个单词，所以答案可以为 part of dream。解析：accumulation解析 此题具体解释经验是记忆的汇集这一说法。原文录音中提到“只要人们能记忆事情，就能开始积累其经历”，原文出现的是动词 accumulate，题目空格后的 of提示了要填入名词，由此可知答案为 accumulation。解析：imagination解析 此题答案在 review部分可直接获得。根据录音原文“首先，英语学习
17、可以通过五种感官的想象得到提高”，因此答案为 imagination。解析：run free/not be controlled/not be manipulated解析 录音原文提到“梦与幻想之间的区别在于，梦和潜意识有关，在梦里想象是没有束缚的；幻想和知觉有关，在幻想里想象是被控制的”。对照题目可知答案为 run free或 not be controlled，not be manipulated。解析：English language解析 讲座最后提到，你可以像讲座开始描述的那样有一个英语梦，空格处应填入 English language。解析：conversion解析 此题是全文总结部
18、分。其中录音提到“我们发现，有了和英语有关的生活经历的准备，我们通过从英语材料到生动想象的转变来学习英语”，由此可知答案为 conversion。Developing an Advertising CampaignGenerally speaking, four major steps are involved in the development of an advertising campaign. . 16 and analyzing the advertising target A. Have 17 of your advertising target critical: it is
19、the 18 of other steps B. 16 to develop an information base for the campaign . 20 the advertising platform Advertising platform refers to the selling points which an advertiser thinks are important to 21 One of the best ways to determine what the selling points are is through 22 . . Developing the me
20、dia plan A. Formulation of a media plan involves the 23 of exact media time arrangement with each medium B. Factors to be considered in this step include characteristics of 24 the 25 of media the 26 . 27 A. Execution of an advertising campaign requires much planning and 28 B. Detailed 29 are require
21、d to ensure everything is done on time C. 30 of the quality of work is also necessary to make improvements （分数：30.00）解析：Identifying 原力原文 Developing an Advertising CampaignSeveral steps are required to develop an advertising campaign. The number of steps and the exact order in which they are carded o
22、ut may vary according to an organization“s resources, the nature of its product, and the types of audiences to be reached. However, the major steps in the creation of an advertising campaign are identifying and analyzing the advertising target, creating the advertising platform, developing the media
23、 plan, executing the campaign. These general guidelines for developing an advertising campaign are appropriate for all types of organizations. A basic question that marketers must answer as the,/ begin to develop an advertising campaign is: “Whom are we trying to reach with our message?“ The adverti
24、sing target is the group of people toward which advertisements are aimed. Identifying and analyzing the advertising target is critical because the other steps in developing the campaign are based on this. The advertising target often includes everyone in a firm“s target market. Marketers may, howeve
25、r, seize some opportunities to direct a campaign at only a portion of the target market. Advertisers analyze advertising targets to develop an information base for a campaign. Information that is commonly needed includes the location and geographic distribution of the target group; the distribution
26、of age, income, race, sex, and education; and consumer attitudes regarding the purchase and use both of the advertiser“s products and of competing products. The exact kinds of information that an organization will find useful depend on the type of product being advertised, the characteristics of the
27、 advertising target, and the type and amount of competition. Generally, the more advertisers know about the advertising target, the more able they are to develop an effective advertising campaign. When the advertising target is not precisely identified and properly analyzed, the campaign has less ch
28、ance of success. Now let“s come to the second step: creating the advertising platform. By advertising platform, we mean the basic issues or selling points that an advertiser wishes to include in the advertising campaign. A marketer“s advertising platform should consist of issues that are important t
29、o consumers. One of the best ways to determine what those issues are is to survey consumers to learn what they consider most important in the selection and use of the product involved. The selling features must not only be important to consumers; if possible, they should also be features that compet
30、itive products do not have. A media plan sets forth the exact media to be used, specific magazines, television stations, newspapers, and so forth, and the dates and times that the advertisements will appear. To formulate a media plan, the planner selects the media for a campaign and draws up a time
31、schedule for each medium. The media planner“s primary goal is to reach the largest number of persons in the advertising target per dollar spent on media. Media planners begin by making rather broad decisions; eventually, however, they must make very specific choices. A planner first must decide whic
32、h kinds of media to use. The major kinds are radio, television, newspapers, magazines, direct mail, outdoor displays, and mass transit vehicles. After making the general media decision, the planner selects specific categories within each medium. A toothpaste marketer, for example, might decide to us
33、e television and magazines. The marketer then must consider whether to use children“s, women“s daytime, family, and/or late-night adult television programming and whether to use men“s, women“s, teen-agers“, children“s, and/or general audience magazines. Finally, the planner must select the specific
34、media vehicles. Having chosen family television programs and women“s magazines, the toothpaste marketer, for instance, must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women“s magazines to be used. Media planners take many factors into account as they prepare a media pl
35、an. They analyze the location and demographic characteristics of people in the advertising target, since the various media appeal to particular groups of people in particular locations. For example, there are radio stations especially for teenagers, magazines for men in the 18 to 34 age group, and t
36、elevision programs aimed at adults. Media planners also should consider the sizes and types of audiences reached by specific media. Several data services collect and periodically publish information about the circulation and audiences of various media. The cost of media is an important but troubleso
37、me consideration. Planners try to obtain the best coverage possible for each dollar spent. Yet there is no accurate way of comparing the cost and impact of a television commercial with the cost and impact of a newspaper advertisement. The content of the message sometimes affects the choice of media.
38、 Print media can be used more effectively than broadcast media to present many issues or numerous details. If an advertiser wants to promote beautiful colors, patterns, or textures, then media that offer high-quality color reproduction magazines or television should be used instead of newspapers. Fo
39、r example, food can look extremely appetizing and delicious in a full-color magazine advertisement, but it might look far less so in black and white. The execution of an advertising campaign requires an extensive amount of planning and coordination. Regardless of whether an organization uses an adve
40、rtising agency, a large number of people and firms are involved in the execution of a campaign. Production companies, research organizations, media firms, printers, and commercial artists are just a few examples of the types of people and organizations that contribute to a campaign. Implementation r
41、equires detailed schedules to ensure that various phases of the work are done on time. Advertising management personnel must evaluate the quality of the work and make improvements when necessary. In some instances, changes have to be made during the campaign to make it more effective in meeting camp
42、aign objectives. 解析 演讲人在提到广告宣传活动时，第一个步骤便是 identifying and analyzing the advertising target。所填内容在文中多次出现，只要做好笔记，此题不难填入答案 Identifying。解析：a clear idea解析 在商人开始广告宣传活动时必须回答的一个基本问题是“我们的广告要影响谁”，也就是说对于广告的对象要有清楚的了解，所以答案可总结为 a clear idea。解析：basis/foundation解析 critical 是个关键词，其后 because从句的内容表明原因，应做好相应的记录。原文出现的是 b
43、ased，题目要求填入名词，故填名词形式 basis，或与其意思相近的foundation。解析：Analyze advertising targets解析 广告商分析广告对象以形成活动的信息基础，所以答案为Analyze advertising targets，注意首字母要大写。解析：Creating解析 讲座中有几处都提到广告宣传活动的第二个步骤是创造广告平台，空格处应填入Creating。解析：consumers解析 演讲人在谈及第二个步骤 creating the advertising platform时，谈到了advertising platform应该包含对消费者最重要的事项。空
44、格处填 consumers。解析：survey/surveys解析 谈到如何确定 issues时谈到了通过 survey的方式，空格前为介词through，因此需填入名词形式的 survey或 surveys。解析：selection/choice解析 在谈到 formulate a media plan时，演讲人谈到 the planner selects the media for a campaign，此空需要一个名词，故填入 select的名词形式 selection，或者其同义词 choice。解析：the target audience解析 媒体策划人在准备媒体计划时要考虑很多因素
45、，他们分析广告目标中的人的位置和人口统计学特征，原文中 characteristics of后面的 people in the advertising target可以总结为 the target audience，即为答案。解析：cost解析 在谈到 factors时，演讲人提及了 characteristics、cost of media 和 content of message三方面，空格处为第二个方面。解析：content of message解析 此空为 factors的第三个方面，即 the content of message。解析：Executing the campaign解
46、析 第四个步骤是执行活动，如果没有听清楚的话，答案也可以从下面的 Execution of an advertising campaign推出，故应填入 Executing the campaign。解析：coordination解析 在谈到 execution of an advertising campaign时，演讲人说广告活动的执行需要大量的 planning and coordination，空格处应填 coordination。解析：schedules解析 演讲人在结尾处提到“执行需要详细的时间表来确保”，空格前已给出了detailed，填入原文提及的 schedules即可。解析
47、：Evaluation解析 原文提到“在必要时，广告管理人事部必须评估工作的质量并改进”，原文出现的是 evaluate，空格处应填入名词，故应将动词 evaluate变为 evaluation，注意要大写首字母。General Ideas about Rhetoric. The definition especially, now, the art of prose composition. Although there are many different definitions about rhetoric, in this lecture we consider rhetoric as
48、 the art of harnessing reason, emotions and authority, through language, with a view to persuade an audience and, by persuading, to convince this audience to act, to pass judgment or to identify with given values. However, nowadays, the word “rhetoric“ often has negative connotations. If we say of a
49、 politician“s speech that it was just “rhetoric,“ we mean that it sounded good but it didn“t really say anything important. We might even mean that it was manipulativeit used language in a slick way to get us to agree with something we wouldn“t otherwise agree with. But it wasn“t always so. In fact, for much of Western history, “rhetoric“ was considered very important. From ancient Greece through the Middle Ages in Europe, rhetorical skill was prized as a way of succeeding in life.
