1、专业八级-148 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/BIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. l and she liked and required the entourage which wealth could give her.（分数：10.00）_十三、BPART WRITING(总题数：1，分数：20.00)46.BShould Raising P
2、ets Be Banned?/BIn the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for
3、content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.（分数：20.00）_专业八级-148 (1)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/BIn this section you will hear a mini-lec
4、ture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. l Volume , Research On Global Crises, Still Primitive; and Volume III, Future Learning and Teaching. What struck me in particular was your note asking readers to contact you if they saw errors, or if they could contribute Web site URLs or in terms of inform
5、ation that were pertinent to the material. As these notes indicate, you clearly regard this to be a work in progress. Certainly this is a great way to develop the manuscripts relatively quickly. What do you expect to accomplish via this technique? PR: My objectives are to examine the ways in which a
6、 global virtual education system can come into existence and to raise questions about needed research on learning, teaching, and overcoming the problems (such as hunger, bad health, war, and revolution) that stand in the way of providing education for everyone in the world. I realize that education
7、for all is impossible, but perhaps only in the sense that the United States, out of necessity, accomplished what was “impossible“ after the attack on Pearl Harbor. I assume that H. G. Wells was right when he said that civilization is in a race between education and disaster. So I am willing to be au
8、dacious-as someone retired and with no axe to grind-and to initiate a project that might at least stimulate thought and discussion. For 30 years or more I have been studying the university, higher education, and academia in the developing world. In the 1980s I began to see the emergence and potentia
9、l of a global virtual university; this insight culminated in a book that was widely read and used and that led to my being invited to lecture in various countries. The next year Praeger published it as a paperback in their Contributions to the Study of Education series, Developing world delegates to
10、 the 1997 UNESCO conference on higher education in Paris complained that it was too expensive for them. So I said that I would put a sequel online, free to anyone in the world. I asked that, in return, they send me feedback and suggested links. And I have now accomplished this. JM: Doesnt your onlin
11、e manuscript deal with far more than higher education? Your classification is a bit confusing to me, because each volume looks like a book. Why not say that you have three books on the Web? PR: It must be one book if it is to be holistic. It should introduce all of the needs and problems that must b
12、e dealt with at once as we enter a time of lifelong education. “Education for all“ must include programs for prekindergarten children, for primary and secondary school age learners, and for college students. It also must include continuing educational programs that foster job skills, career planning
13、, and hobbies as well as special interest programs for senior citizens. Instead of talking about a “global university“, the time has come to explore possibilities for a global virtual education system. JM: Then why do you keep speaking of the “future of the university“? PR: It is also my assumption
14、that the university, however it changes, will continue to be the major research center for all education. It will be a crucial focus of educational vision and the gathering place of scholars and educators. There will continue to be residential campuses for those who can afford them, and higher educa
15、tion institutions will continue to be the springboard for online education for all-all places, all ages, all needs, lifelong, in the world. JM: What kinds of constructive criticism or negative feedback are you getting? PR: Well, the list is long. I try to cover too much. Some information is out of d
16、ate. Web URLs disappear, which limits my ability to link to the latest research as a means of avoiding excessive detail in the text. Also, different readers come with expectations that are not met. In discussing technology, for instance, how can we address those who are technological experts and tho
17、se in the developing world whose knowledge is still limited? My project seems out of focus in that it struggles with the nature and future of the university in a time of lifelong education, and with the added problem of how to provide education for everyone in the world. JM: Are you encouraged that
18、others are getting involved? PR: Recognizing the perils in my experiment, I must be prepared for all kinds of criticism, even antagonism. Perhaps now that I am retired, I am better prepared to face antagonism and scorn than those who have jobs and careers-to consider. However, I see the whole projec
19、t as an initial effort that might later be enlarged to be more useful to those who need to discuss current problems and future issues. I see it as nothing definitive, but as an outline on which to hang all kinds of ideas and topics that might stimulate discussion, imagination, and conversation. JM:
20、Parker, via this interview and the subsequent web cast, many more people will learn of this creative, exciting, and valuable project. Be prepared for a flood of eager volunteers!(2).What is the purpose of Parkers book?（分数：1.00）A.To find ways to establish virtual education system and to provide educa
21、tion for all. B.To examine the changes in university in the past and in the future.C.To promote the effort to solve problems of hunger, health through education.D.To explore a new way to engage public efforts in writing books via internet.解析：(3).What is Parkers attitude to university in the future?（
22、分数：1.00）A.Virtual global education system will replace university in the future.B.University will continue to play a key role in the future. C.Residential campus will be integrated into the virtual educational system.D.Universities should open their doors to every member in a society.解析：(4).Which is
23、 not the feedback to his books that Parker gets?（分数：1.00）A.Parker has embarked on a too ambitious project.B.His books failed to provide the latest information.C.He should pay more attention to modern technology. D.His books cannot satisfy people with different backgrounds.解析：(5).Parker hopes that in
24、 the future his work can _.（分数：1.00）A.engage more people from different parts of the worldB.attract more attention from the educational expertsC.response better to the criticisms he received from the worldD.develop into resource base for solving educational problems 解析：三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：4，分数：5.00)I
25、n this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your ANSWER SHEET.Questions 6 to 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each ques
26、tion. Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).Viktor Yushchenko has finally been declared the winner _.（分数：1.00）A.more than two weeks after the rerun presidential election B.less than two weeks after the rerun presidential electionC.more than two weeks before the rerun presidential electionD.less than t
27、wo weeks before the rerun presidential election解析：听力原文 More than two weeks after the rerun presidential election, Viktor Yushchenko has finally been declared the winner. The opposition leader polled almost 52% of the vote. The central election commission made the official announcement after all comp
28、laints about the ballot were investigated. The losing presidential candidate Viktor Yanukovych has vowed to challenge the result in the Supreme Court. But the former Prime Minister has admitted that he is not optimistic about the outcome.(2).What is the former Prime Minsters attitude towards the out
29、come?（分数：1.00）A.Optimistic.B.Pessimistic. C.Objective.D.Not concerned.解析：1. Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.The incident occurred in _.（分数：1.00）A.the south of Baghdad on SundayB.the so
30、uth of Baghdad on Saturday C.the north of Baghdad on SundayD.the north of Baghdad on Saturday解析：听力原文 US soldiers mistakenly shot dead 2 Iraqi policemen and 2 civilians after attack on their convoy, the Iraqi Interior Ministry reports. A fifth Iraqi died of a heart attack after the shootings, police
31、added it. The incident happened South of Baghdad on Saturday; just hours after a US bombing error left at least 5 dead near the northern city of Mosul.2. Question 9 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the new
32、s.According to Goerge W. Bush, what will be the future action of US concerning the Kyoto Accord?（分数：1.00）A.To call on more effort to reduce human beings contribution to global climate change.B.To include more developing countries into the Accord.C.To continue to oppose to the Accord. D.To sign the t
33、reaty to cut emissions of carbon dioxide.解析：听力原文 US President George W. Bush says he recognizes human beings contribute to global climate change but he remains unyielding in his opposition to the Kyoto Accord on the issue. Bush made the remarks on Wednesday before the G8 summit in Scotland, saying t
34、he Kyoto Accord does not work because many developing nations are not included. He added that he would push for a post-Kyoto era at the summit. Climate change is a top-of-the- agenda issue at the G8 meeting. The United States, the worlds biggest polluter, is the only one at the summit not to have si
35、gned the treaty to cut emissions of carbon dioxide.3. Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.The 1980 convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material _.（分数：1.00）A.made it “legally
36、binding“ for states to protect all nuclear facilities and materialsB.dealt with the protection of nuclear facilities and materials not only in transport but also in use and storageC.also provided for expanded international cooperation to prevent nuclear theft.D.only dealt with fissile materials whil
37、e in transport. 解析：听力原文 At a conference in Vienna, Friday, 89 nations agreed to restrictions on atomic devices, aiming to reduce the threat from nuclear terrorism. The delegates adopted a draft amendment from China tightening aspects of the 1980 Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Mater
38、ial. The amended convention will make it “legally binding“ for states to protect all nuclear facilities and materials in use, storage or transport. The previous convention only dealt with fissile materials while in transport. The treaty also provides for expanded international cooperation to prevent
39、 nuclear theft.四、BPART READING (总题数：4，分数：4.00)4.The author regards Nevelsons sculpture in the art world as “remarkable“ ( Line 2, Para. 1 ) because _ .（分数：1.00）A.Nevelsons sculptures are difficult to understandB.few of the artists prominent in the twentieth century have been sculptorsC.women sculpto
40、rs have found it especially difficult to be accepted and recognized as major artists D.many art critics have favored painting over sculpture in writing about developments in the art world解析：事实细节题。从第一段第一句话的后半段 because the greatest resistance to women artists has been， until recently，in the field of s
41、culptor可知作者之所以认为 Nevelson的雕塑作品成就非凡，是由于在雕塑界女性作品通常会受到极大的排斥，因而得不到公众的认可和赞赏。显然正确答案是 C。5.The passage focuses primarily on _.（分数：1.00）A.a general tendency in twentieth-century artB.the work of a particular artist C.the artist influences on women sculptorsD.materials used by twentieth-century sculptors解析：主旨
42、大意题。通读全文我们就可以发现，作者自始至终都是围绕着 Louis Nevelson这一女雕塑家作品的特点、评论家们对她作品的评价等等来写的，因此这段节选的中心应该是 B。6.Which of the following is one way in which Nevelsons art illustrates her theory as it is expressed in paragraph 4?（分数：1.00）A.She sculpts in wood rather than in metal or stone.B.She paints her sculptures and frame
43、s them in boxes.C.She makes no preliminary sketches but rather allows the sculpture to develop as she works.D.She puts together pieces of ordinary objects once used for different purposes to make her sculptures. 解析：推理判断题。第三段的末尾 Nevelson提出了自己对艺术的看法“I have always wanted to show the world that art is e
44、verywhere except that it has to pass through a creative mind”，艺术是无处不在的，只不过它需要有创造性的心灵去发现。Nevelson 用普通的东西作为她雕塑的素材就是她这一思想的明证，因此 D项是正确的。7.The author quotes Hilton Kramer in paragraph 2 most probably in order to illustrate _.（分数：1.00）A.the realism of Nevelsons workB.the unique qualities of Nevelsons styl
45、eC.a distinction between sculpture and paintingD.the extent of critical approval of Nevelsons work 解析：推理判断题。作者引用著名且非常有影响力的评论家 Hilton Kramer的话“For myself，I think MsNevelson succeeds where the painters often fail”，是说她的雕塑能够表现出画家通常无法表达出来的东西，这是对其作品的无上褒奖，因此 D项是正确答案。五、BTEXT B/B(总题数：3，分数：3.00)8.The author b
46、elieves that a child _.（分数：1.00）A.should practice what the Hindoos preachB.frequently faces vital problems better than grownups do C.prefers to be a barbarian than to be a princeD.hardly ever knows his true origin解析：事实细节题。根据第二段的最后一句 Children，who play life，discern its true law and relations more clea
47、rly than men可知作者认为与成人相比，孩子能够更清楚地认识真理，因此B项为正确答案。9.The passage is primarily concerned with problems of _.（分数：1.00）A.music and artB.society and populationC.history and economicsD.theology and philoslphy 解析：主旨大意题。作者在文中主要讨论了人们对真理和现实的认识，这显然属于哲学的范畴，在文章最后一段的前半部分我们又可以看到作者对于神和现实世界关系的理解，因此正确答案是 D项。10.The passa
48、ge implies that human beings _.（分数：1.00）A.believe in fairy talesB.are immoral if they are lazyC.should be bold and fearlessD.cannot distinguish the true from the untrue 解析：推理判断题。在文章的开头作者就谈到，如果人们看到的只是现实，从不受到迷惑，生活就像是在童话故事或天方夜谭中一样(If men would steadily observe realities only，and not allow themselves to be deluded，life，to compare with such things as we know，would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights entertainments)。由此我们可以对作者的观点做出判断：人类是很难做到明辨真伪的。六、BTEXT C/B(总题数：4，分数：4.00)11.A primary feature of Marxism is the stress on _.（
