1、专业八级-143 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)B Introductory Lecture to University Study/B In order to adjust well to university life. freshmen usually have to understand the organization of the university they study in and some particular requirements of the degree they are
2、 pursuing. B. Structure of the University/B A. Structure of the faculty 1. Faculty U1 /U 1. _. 2. U2 /U divisional head 2. _. 3. Department-departmental head B. People students usually meet 1. U3 /U(Wednesday and Thursday morning orU 4 /U) 3. _. 2. Lecturers (once or twice a week) 4. _. B. Same Requ
3、irements of the Degree/B A. Teaching arrangements 1. U5 /U: about an hour long, one person talks to a group of students 5. _. 2. Tutorials: about U6 /U long, presentation and discussion in groups 6. _. made up of 12 to 15 students 3. Between the two types of arrangements, U7 /Uare more important for
4、 learning. 7. _. B. Other factors concerning university study 1. U8 /U of essays 2. Delivery of written materials 3. Plagiarism a) It means taking other peoples work without acknowledging it. b) Students committing plagiarism run the risk of U9 /U the 9. _. subject or even being denied entry to the
5、university. C. Last suggestion: U10 /Uwith the school authority. 10. _.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)I Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of
6、 the following five questions. Now listen to the interview./I（分数：5.00）(1).According to the interview, bow did people view the practices that favour boys at the expense of girls?（分数：1.00）A.People took it for granted.B.People always questioned this value.C.Girls do less than the boys in the family.D.B
7、oys need more nutrition than girls.(2).According to the interview, Saras grades have fallen probably because _.（分数：1.00）A.She was tired of the study at school.B.She didnt get enough to eat.C.She helped too much with the chores.D.She always slept in the class.(3).According to the family tradition abo
8、ut food distribution, which of the following statements is NOT correct?（分数：1.00）A.Sara had less to eat than her elder brother.B.Saras mother had less to eat than her father.C.Sara had more to eat than her elder sister.D.Saras mother had less to eat than her brother.(4).In the later part of the inter
9、view, if the family is short of food in the hungry season, how did the mother distribute the food?（分数：1.00）A.She served everybody equally.B.She served girls less food.C.She gave more food to the boys.D.She gave more food to the father.(5).The ultimate purpose of the interview is to _.（分数：1.00）A.make
10、 the parents be aware of the importance of equality in the family.B.make people know that girls and boys should be treated differently.C.find good solutions about how to study well in the school.D.find good solutions about how to solve a family quarrel.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：4，分数：5.00)I Questions 6 to 7
11、 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).The demonstration took Place in _.（分数：1.00）A.BerlinB.MainzC.Washington D.CD.Germony(2).The motto of this demonstration is “ _.“（分数：1.00）A.Terrori
12、st No. 1B.Bush swim homeC.Not welcome, Mr. BushD.Take away Bush1.I Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IWhats true about Chinas family planning policies?（分数：1.00）A.Not work well.B.Increas
13、e the population number.C.Delay the increase of population.D.It will not exist in the year 2030.2.I Question 9 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IAccording to the passage, which statement is NOT t
14、rue?（分数：1.00）A.Putin says Russia will support any option of reforming the UNs Security Council approved by consensus.B.Putin made the remarks before talks with French President and German Chancellor.C.Russia will continue supporting Germany as candidate to the seat of permanent member of the UN Secu
15、rity Council.D.Chirac and Schroeder came to Kaliningrad to mark the 750th anniversary of the exclaves founding.3.I Question 10 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news./IHow many cultural sites have been
16、proposed for inscription on the World Heritage List?（分数：1.00）A.42B.28C.IOD.4四、BPART READING (总题数：5，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BThe world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with u
17、nsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying “Wont the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?“Theres no question that the big are getting bigger and more powerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20%
18、 of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals
19、 went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.I believe that the most important forces behind the m
20、assive MBA wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customers demands. All these are beneficial, net detrimental, to consumer
21、s. As productivity grows, the worlds wealth increases.Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U. S. , wh
22、en the Standard ()il Trust was broken up. The mergers of telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration is increasing
23、- witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan-hut it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. A few weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megs-mergers in the banking industry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and oper
24、ate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Wont multinationals shift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict about infringements to fair competition? And should one country take upon itself the role of “defending competition“ on issues tha
25、t affect many other nations, as in the U. S. vs. Microsoft case? (413)（分数：4.00）(1).What is the typical trend of businesses today?（分数：1.00）A.To take in more foreign funds.B.To invest more abroad.C.To combine and become bigger.D.To trade with more countries.(2).According to the author, one of the driv
26、ing forces behind M it is assumed that scientists are rational, objective, abstract, concerned with the intellect and with reducing everything to a formula, and that artists, on the other hand, are temperamental, subjective, irrational, and concerned with the expression of the emotions. But we all k
27、now temperamental, irrational scientists and abstract, cold-blooded artists. We know, too, that there is a body of knowledge in art. There are as many facts and ideas in art as there are in any other field, and there are as many kinds of art as there are ideas-abstract or concrete, classical, romant
28、ic, organized, unorganized, expressionist, surrealist, intuitive, intellectual, sublime, ridiculous, boring, exciting, and dozens of others. The trouble lies in thinking about art the way most people, think about the intellect. It is not what they think it is.This would not be quite so serious a mat
29、ter if it were not taken so seriously, especially by educators and those who urge their views upon educators-that is, I suppose, the rest of mankind. If thinking is an activity which takes place in a separate faculty of the intellect, and if the aim of education is to teach people to think, it is th
30、erefore natural to assume that education should train the intellect through the academic disciplines. These disciplines are considered to be the subject matter for intellectual training, and they consist of facts and ideas from the major fields of human knowledge, organized in such a way that the in
31、tellect can deal with them. That is to say, they are organized in abstract, conceptual, logical terms. It is assumed that learning to think is a matter of learning to recognize and understand these concepts. Educational programs in school and college are therefore arranged with this idea in mind, an
32、d when demands for the improvement of education are made, they usually consist of demands for more academic materials to be covered and more academic discipline of this kind to be imposed. It is a call for more organization, not for more learning.One of the most unfortunate results of this misunders
33、tanding of the nature of the intellect is that the practice of the arts and the creative arts themselves are too often excluded from the regular curriculum of school and college or given such a minor role in the educational process that they are unable to make the intellectual contribution of which
34、they are supremely capable. (529)（分数：2.00）(1).The three faculties in human beings mentioned are _.（分数：1.00）A.intellect, emotions, imaginationB.intellect, ideas, factsC.thinking, abilities, emotionsD.thinking, distorting, departing(2).The purpose of this passage may be _.（分数：1.00）A.to urge schools to
35、 return to an earlier form of educationB.to help scientists regain powerC.to provide education for the intellectual onlyD.to argue for a change in curriculumBTEXT D/BSuppose you go into a fruiters shop, wanting an apple-you take up one, and on biting it you find it is sour; you look at it, and see t
36、hat it is hard and green. You take up another one, and that, too, is hard, green, and sour. The shopman offers you a third; but before biting it, you examine it, and you find that it is hard and green, and you immediately say that you will not have it, as it must be sour, like those that you have al
37、ready tried.Nothing can be simpler than that, you think; but if you will take the trouble to analyze and trace out into its logical elements what has been done by the mind, you will be greatly surprised. In the first place you have performed that operation of induction. You find that, in two experie
38、nces, hardness and greenness in apples went together with sourness. It was so in the first ease, and it was confirmed by the second. True, it is a very small basis, but still it is enough from which to make the induction; you generalize the facts, and you expect to find sourness in apples where you
39、get hardness and greenness. You found upon that a general law, that all hard and green apples are sour; and that, so far as it goes, is a perfect induction. Well, having got your natural law in this way, when you are offered another apple which you find is hard and green, you say, “All hard and gree
40、n apples are sour; this apple is hard and green; therefore, this apple is sour. “That train of reasoning is what logicians call a syllogism, and has all its various parts and terra-its major premises, its minor premises, and its conclusion. And, by the help of further reasoning, which, if drawn out,
41、 would have to be exhibited in two or three other syllogisms, you arrive at your final determination. “I will not have that apple.“ So that, you see, you have, in the first place, established a law by induction, and reasoned out the special particular caseWell now, suppose, having got your conclusio
42、n of the law, that at sometime afterwards, you are discus- sing the qualities of apple with a friend; you will say to him, “It is a very curious thing, but I find that all hard and green apples are sour!“ Your friend says to you, “But how do you know that?“ You at once reply, “Oh, because I have tri
43、ed them over and over again, and have always found them to be so,“ Well, if we were talking science instead of common sense, we should call that an experimental verification. And, if still opposed, you go further, and say, “I have heard from people in Somersetshire and Devonshire, where a large numb
44、er of apples are grown, and in London, where many apples are sold and eaten, that they have observed the same thing. It is also found to be the case in Normandy, and in North America. In short, I find the universal experience of mankind wherever attention had been directed to the subject.“ Whereon y
45、our friend, unless he is a very unreasonable man, agrees with you, and is convinced that you are quite fight in the conclusion you have drawn. He believes, although perhaps he does not know he believes it, that the more extensive verifications have been made, the more results of the same kind are ar
46、rived at-that the more varied the conditions under which the same re-suits are attained, the more certain is the ultimate conclusion, and he disputes the question no further. He sees that the experiment has been tried under all sorts of conditions, as to time, place, and people, with the same result
47、; and he says to you, therefore, that the law you. have laid down must be a good one, and he must believe it. (654)（分数：5.00）(1).The writer is probably _.（分数：1.00）A.FrenchB.EnglishC.AmericanD.Italian(2).Apples are used _.（分数：1.00）A.in order to convince the reader that fruit has no intellectB.to illus
48、trate the subject of the passageC.to give color to the storyD.to show how foolish logic is(3).The author has the approach of a(n) _.（分数：1.00）A.scientistB.artistC.novelistD.economist(4).The underlined term “natural law“ as it appears in the middle of the second paragraph refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.common senseB.the “honor system“C.the result of an inductionD.the order of nature(5).Which of the following would be the best ti
