1、专业八级-142 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BNote-taking Skills/BNote-taking requires a high level of ability in many skills, particularly in the following four most important skills:1. Understanding what the lecturer says as he says it.-A non-native speaker of English is
2、usually under a strain for he may be unable to recognize words in speech which he understands in (1) _. (1) _He may not know the meaning of a new word.-A student should learn to infer the meaning of a new word from the context.-A student should (2) _ only on important points so that he can (2) _ und
3、erstand much of a lecture.2. Deciding what is important.-Read the (3) _ of a lecture carefully and understand its (3) _ meaning, for it implies the major points of a lecture.-Pay attention to a lecturers direct and indirect signals concerning whats important or unimportant. The direct signals are (4
4、) _. The (4) _ indirect signals include (5) _, tempo, loudness and intonation of the (5) _ lecturers speech.3. Writing the main points quickly and clearly.-Using (6) _ when writing. (6) _-Selecting words which give (7) _information. (7) _-Choosing the right moment to write notes.-Writing only one po
5、int on each line.-Listening attentively to the lecturer when such connectives as “however“, “on the other hand“ or “nevertheless“ are uttered, for they often mean that new and (8) _ information is to follow. (8) _4. Showing the relationship between the various points he noted.This can be done by a (
6、9) _ presentation. (9) _Spacing and (10) _ are helpful in taking notes efficiently. (10) _（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_BSECTION B/BIQuestions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to
7、answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview./I（分数：5.00）(1).According to Bob, Sri Lanka is well-known for the following EXCEPT _.（分数：1.00）A.beachB.high mountainsC.junglesD.waterfalls(2).What is the purpose of Bobs trip to Sri Lanka?（分数：1.00）A.To spend his holidays.B.To par
8、ticipate in a business negotiation.C.To meet his Australian friend there.D.To attract Sri Lankan students to undertake degree studies in Australia.(3).What are the students from Sri Lanka most interested in according to Bob?（分数：1.00）A.Accountancy and computing.B.Business and finance.C.Law and busine
9、ss.D.Architecture and engineering.(4).Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the current situation in Sri Lanka?（分数：1.00）A.Students have difficulty in finding jobs.B.There exists an internal strife.C.The economy is in a recession.D.The economy is developing rapidly.(5).What are the parents in Sri Lan
10、ka most concerned about if they send their children to Australia?（分数：1.00）A.Expenditure.B.Safety.C.Cultural difference.D.AccommodationBSECTION C/BIQuestions 6 to 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the new
11、s./I（分数：3.00）(1).Who was found to be involved in the bombing of the National police headquarters?（分数：1.00）A.Al-Qaida.B.A militant group.C.The Muslim Brotherhood.D.A group of separatists.(2).Who were the majority of victims in the bombing on Wednesday?（分数：1.00）A.Civilians.B.Students.C.Government offi
12、cials.D.Police officers.(3).According to Salah, continual terrorist attacks were caused by _.（分数：1.00）A.the secular criticismB.the religious criticismC.the anger over the governments corruptionD.the antagonistic feelings against the WestIQuestions 9 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end
13、of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each question.Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Sharon made a commitment three years ago that _.（分数：1.00）A.he would not harm ArafatB.he would withdraw his troopsC.he would deal with the conflict between Israel and PalestineD.he would not o
14、verthrow Palestinian government(2).When did Sharon meet Bush and told Bush that he would release himself from the commitment?（分数：1.00）A.On April 14.B.Three years ago.C.Last Friday.D.A week ago.二、BPART READING (总题数：9，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BAn ideal college should be a community, a place of close, natural,
15、 intimate association, not only of the young men who are its pupils and novices in various lines of study, but also of young men with older men, with veterans and professionals in the great undertaking of learning, of teachers with pupils, outside the classroom as well as inside it. No one is succes
16、sfully educated within the walls of any particular classroom or laboratory or museum; and no amount of association, however close and familiar and delightful, between mere beginners can ever produce the sort of enlightenment which the young lad gets when he first begins to catch the infection of lea
17、rning. The trouble with most of our colleges nowadays is that the faculty of the college live one life and the undergraduates quite a different one. They constitute two communities. The life of the undergraduates is not touched with the personal influence of the teachers: life among the teachers is
18、not touched by the personal impressions which should come from frequent and intimate contact with undergraduates. This separation need not exist, and, in the college of the ideal university, would not exist.It is perfectly possible to organize the life of our colleges in such a way that students and
19、 teachers alike will take part in it; in such a way that a perfectly natural daily intercourse will be established between them; and it is only by such an organization that they can be given real vitality as places of serious training, be made communities in which youngsters will come fully to reali
20、ze how interesting intellectual work is, how vital, how important, how closely associated with all modern achievement-only by such an organization that study can be made to seem part of life itself. Lectures often seem very formal and empty things; recitations generally prove very dull and unrewardi
21、ng. It is in conversation and natural intercourse with scholars chiefly that you find how lively knowledge is, how it ties into everything that is interesting and important, how intimate a part it is of everything that is “practical“ and connected with the world. Men are not always made thoughtful b
22、y books; but they are generally made thoughtful by association with men who think.The present and most pressing problem of our university authorities is to bring about this vital association for the benefit of the novices of the university world, the undergraduates. Classroom methods are thorough en
23、ough; competent scholars already lecture and set tasks and superintend their performance; but the life of the average undergraduate outside the classroom and other stated appointments with his instructors is not very much affected by his studies, and is entirely dissociated from intellectual interes
24、ts.（分数：4.00）(1).An ideal college _.（分数：1.00）A.should have mature, experienced and professional men on its staffB.should be managed by experienced scholarsC.should be managed by experienced scholars and energetic young menD.should see tight, harmonious connection between the experienced and the inexp
25、erienced(2).Successful education is the acquiring of knowledge from _.（分数：1.00）A.classrooms, laboratories and museumsB.all sources availableC.intimate association between beginnersD.experienced scholars(3).Beginners are not likely to get the sort of enlightenment mentioned in the passage from _.（分数：
26、1.00）A.themselvesB.booksC.scholarsD.experience(4).The teacher and the student do not understand each other much because _.（分数：1.00）A.they do not live togetherB.they do not often try to exchange ideas, emotions and experiencesC.they do not respect each othersD.they have different standards of educati
27、on1.BTEXT B/BJoyce Carol Oates published her first collection of short stories By The North Gates, in 1962, two years after she had received her Masters degree from the University of Wisconsin and become an instructor of English at the University of Detroit. Her productivity since then has been prod
28、igious, accumulating in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays, and literary criticism. In the meantime, she has continued to teach, moving in 1967 from the University of Detroit to the University of Windsor, in Ontario, and in
29、1978 to Princeton University. Reviewers have admired her enormous energy, but find a productivity of such magnitude difficult to assess.In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth, Donald Barthelme, and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol
30、Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction. Hers is a world of violence, insanity, fractured love, and hopeless loneliness. Although some of it appears to come from her own observations, her dreams, and her fears. Much mor
31、e is clearly form the experience of others. Her first novel, With Shuddering Fall (1964), dealt with stock car racing, though she had never seen a race. In Them (1969) she focused on Detroit from the Depression through the riots of 1967, drawing much of her material from the Depression made on her b
32、y the problems of one of her students. Whatever the source and however shocking the events or the motivations, however, her fictive world remains strikingly akin to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and the popular magazines of our day._BTEXT B/BJoy
33、ce Carol Oates published her first collection of short stories By The North Gates, in 1962, two years after she had received her Masters degree from the University of Wisconsin and become an instructor of English at the University of Detroit. Her productivity since then has been prodigious, accumula
34、ting in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays, and literary criticism. In the meantime, she has continued to teach, moving in 1967 from the University of Detroit to the University of Windsor, in Ontario, and in 1978 to Princeto
35、n University. Reviewers have admired her enormous energy, but find a productivity of such magnitude difficult to assess.In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth, Donald Barthelme, and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed
36、 at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction. Hers is a world of violence, insanity, fractured love, and hopeless loneliness. Although some of it appears to come from her own observations, her dreams, and her fears. Much more is clearly for
37、m the experience of others. Her first novel, With Shuddering Fall (1964), dealt with stock car racing, though she had never seen a race. In Them (1969) she focused on Detroit from the Depression through the riots of 1967, drawing much of her material from the Depression made on her by the problems o
38、f one of her students. Whatever the source and however shocking the events or the motivations, however, her fictive world remains strikingly akin to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and the popular magazines of our day.（分数：4.00）(1).Which of the fol
39、lowing does the passage indicate about Joyce Carol Oates first publication?（分数：1.00）A.It was part of her MA thesis.B.It was a volume of short fiction.C.It was not successful.D.It was about an English instructor in Detroit.(2).Which of the following does the passage suggest about Joyce Carol Oates in
40、 terms of her writing career?（分数：1.00）A.She has experienced long nonproductive periods in her writing.B.Her style is imitative of other contemporary authors.C.She has produced a surprising amount of fiction in a relatively short time.D.Most of her works are based on personal experience.(3).What was
41、the subject of Joyce Carol Oates first novel?（分数：1.00）A.Loneliness.B.Insanity.C.Teaching.D.Racing.(4).Oates book Them is _.（分数：1.00）A.a typical novel of the 1960sB.her best piece of nonfictionC.a fictional work based on the experiences of another personD.an autobiography2.BTEXT C/BPeople in the Unit
42、ed States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nations economy would bring social chaos. In the years following 1820, after several decades of relative stability, the economy entered a period of sustained and extremely rapid growth that continued to
43、 the end of the nineteenth century. Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nations labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits.Although the birth rate continued to decline from
44、 its high level of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the nineteenth century. As the population grew, its makeup also changed. Massive waves of immigration brought new ethnic groups into the country. Geographic and social
45、 mobility- downward as well as upward-touched almost everyone. Local studies indicate that nearly three-quarters of the population in the North and South, in the emerging cities of the Northeast, and in the restless rural counties of the West changed their residence each decade. As a consequence, hi
46、storian David Donald has written, “Social atomization affected every segment of society,“ and it seemed to many people that “all the recognized values of orderly civilization were gradually being eroded.“Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth century had special
47、implications for women because these changes tended to magnify social distinctions. As the roles men and women played in society became more rapidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home. In the context of extreme competitiveness and dizzying social change, the household lost many of its
48、 earlier functions and the home came to serve as a haven of tranquility and order. As the size of families decreased, the roles of husband and wife became more clearly differentiated than ever before. In the middle class especially, men participated in the productive economy while women ruled the home and served as the custodians of civility and culture. The intimacy of marriage
