1、专业八级-136 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING & ERRO(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Kissing, stroking and wild embraces are common enough, and now the quiet, romantic gesture of holding hands in public is a 1 final frontier for many young couples in the West-even though, traditionall
2、y it was a first step towards intimacy. Power couples on 2 the world stage have taken up handholding as a sign of equality 3 and commitment. The political figures and their wives are often snapped hand-in-hand. That very fact-which it“s a simple but powerful statement of 4 commitment-is exact what d
3、eters many young people from 5 linking hands. There is no public display of affection intimate 6 between two people than handholding, writes New York bachelor Jozen, on his blog. “Holding hands is the ultimate sign that two people are not only together, also happily so. Couples kiss madly, 7 hug mad
4、ly. But hold hands madly? Oh no, they don“t do that.“ Public Display of Affection is so common and varied that it“s earned its own acronym, the PDA. A lot of young people aren“t thinking about the long term when they date with someone: 8 “Kissing and touching are fueled by passion and don“t necessar
5、ily mean people plan to be together forever. But a couple quietly holding hands shows something deeper.“ In the fast paced, constantly changing world of youth where everything is permitted, but something 9 is certain, people have time for passion but are scary 10 of the commitment of love.（分数：25.00）
6、三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Issues concerning human learning are among the critical topics in educational psychology, child development, and cognitive science. One central focus has been on the issue of why students 1 learn and teachers teach best, and discovery learning versus direct instruction has
7、 been a contented debate in modern educational 2 theory and practice. Stemmed from the theoretical perspective of 3 constructivism, discovery learning is believed to be a tool for facilitating the creation and organization of knowledge, as well as the transfer of that knowledge across different cont
8、exts. This approach contrasts with views that emphasize direct instruction from teacher to student. This entry addresses the following central issues: how discovery learning is defined, the empirical evidence in favor of discovery learning or direct instruction, and the facilitation of discovery and
9、 transfer. Discovery learning is a general approach that involves minded participation and active inquiry in the acquisition of 4 concepts and strategies. In classroom contexts, it refers to a form of curriculum which students are encouraged to actively explore 5 and figure out the concepts, solutio
10、ns, or strategies at the hand. A 6 widely accepted idea is that discovery learning is the least 7 appropriate and effective approach to facilitate deep and lasting 8 understanding. This approach is often contrasted with direct instruction or expository learning, which typically refers traditional, 9
11、 content-oriented methods that the instructor lectures to students. 10 Learning associated with direct instruction is often believed to be less engaged and less active, and thus less effective.（分数：25.00）四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：25.00)There are more drugs dispensed for pain than for any other disease on
12、this planet. Drug companies enjoy earning huge profits from people suffering with chronic pain. Pain management clinics flourish throughout the world. Most conventional medicine 1 prescribed for pain addresses a contemporary symptom removal (if 2 you are lucky) rather than curing the cause of the pa
13、in. There are many “pain management“ drugs and techniques. Most of these will dry up to your savings and at the end of the day you will still suffer 3 from pain. This is not the worst part, but rather what your liver, kidneys 4 and other organic eventually become poisoned by long-term use of 5 synth
14、etic drugs that is the most devastating to your health. Pain drugs are also addicted which will eventually cause other diseases. 6 Useful pain management techniques, whether they involve 7 poisonous drugs, pulsating your body parts with low voltage, rubbing your skin or using other inventions, only
15、postpone the agony while the disease behind it will continue thriving. Many smart philosophers mention that the best way to keep young and healthy is to put food in your mouth that is healing: e.g. treat your food as your medicine while your medicine as your 8 food. People following this simple pres
16、cription live to be good into 9 their nineties or even hundreds and they feel thirty to fifty years younger than they really are. Cultures follow this principle have 10 some of the healthiest seniors around.（分数：25.00）五、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：25.00)You can perform all those functions that you perform at
17、present with your mobile devices but of much higher speed than 1 before. It provides you with faster connection, faster Internet 2 access, and music entertainment with improved quality. The benefits are of immense. You can avail the benefits of video 3 calling. You can call your friend and have a vi
18、deo call facility. The clarity is better and the facility can be enjoyed as long as both of you are using the 3G technology. With 3G technology it is impossible to access any site on the 4 Internet by using your phone as a modem for your computer or laptop and mail the important documents. Download
19、games and 5 songs is much faster with this technology. You can download your favorite games into your mobile and start playing. You can also download the music videos or simply the songs. The technology enable for much faster download. Because it will take only few 6 minutes to download movie clips
20、or albums. You can use your favorite search engines to find the 7 information on news headlines, get information about the evening weather so that you can plan your party. You can find out the latest baseball score and any latest news about your favorite sport. The 3G phones with its advanced featur
21、e will also enable you to watch 8 excited highlights of your favorite sport. With the increased speed 9 and improved quality of the services provided in the 3G phones, you can view the multimedia data applications as movie clips and 10 the music videos with clearer picture than with the 2.5G technol
22、ogy mobiles.（分数：25.00）专业八级-136 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PROOFREADDING & ERRO(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Kissing, stroking and wild embraces are common enough, and now the quiet, romantic gesture of holding hands in public is a 1 final frontier for many young couples in the West-even
23、 though, traditionally it was a first step towards intimacy. Power couples on 2 the world stage have taken up handholding as a sign of equality 3 and commitment. The political figures and their wives are often snapped hand-in-hand. That very fact-which it“s a simple but powerful statement of 4 commi
24、tment-is exact what deters many young people from 5 linking hands. There is no public display of affection intimate 6 between two people than handholding, writes New York bachelor Jozen, on his blog. “Holding hands is the ultimate sign that two people are not only together, also happily so. Couples
25、kiss madly, 7 hug madly. But hold hands madly? Oh no, they don“t do that.“ Public Display of Affection is so common and varied that it“s earned its own acronym, the PDA. A lot of young people aren“t thinking about the long term when they date with someone: 8 “Kissing and touching are fueled by passi
26、on and don“t necessarily mean people plan to be together forever. But a couple quietly holding hands shows something deeper.“ In the fast paced, constantly changing world of youth where everything is permitted, but something 9 is certain, people have time for passion but are scary 10 of the commitme
27、nt of love.（分数：25.00）解析：andbut解析 语篇错误。从上下文的语义来判断，句间的逻辑关系应为转折关系。前句说亲吻、爱抚和拥抱很常见，后句说如今安静、浪漫的牵手成了很多西方年轻人在公共场所的终极边界。前后形成对比，故应该用表示转折关系的 but替换 and。解析：athe解析 词汇错误。此句的意思是“握手在传统上是亲密行为的第一步。”在序数词前要用定冠词 the。解析：up up 或 upto 解析 词汇错误。take up 意为“开始从事；对产生兴趣”，不符合文义，take.as意为“把当作，认为”，此句要表达的意思是“世界大舞台上的权贵夫妇们将握手视为平等、承诺的标志
28、。”另外，也可以改用 take to，意为“喜欢，习惯于”，表示那些权贵夫妇习惯于将握手视为平等、承诺的标志。解析：whichthat解析 语法错误。此句作 fact的同位语，用来解释说明 fact的具体内容，which 是关系代词不能引导同位语从句，且此句结构完整，不缺少任何成分，故应该用从属连词 that引导。解析：exactexactly解析 语法错误。此处用来修饰前面整句话“这个简单却强大的承诺”，故应该用副词 exactly，意为“正好，恰恰正是”，用来加强语气。解析：intimatemore解析 词汇错误。在紧接的下文中出现了 than，故应该用比较级，在 intimate前面加上
29、 more。解析：alsobut 或alsobut解析 词汇错误。此句用了 not only.but also的结构，其中 also可以省略，此句的意思是“握手不仅是表示两个人在一起的最终标志，而且标志着两个人幸福地在一起。”解析：with with 解析 词汇错误。date 意为“与人约会”时是及物动词，不需要介词。解析：somethingnothing解析 语篇错误。此句和 everything is permitted是并列分句，一起作为the world of youth的定语，句间的逻辑关系是转折关系，所以此处应该用 nothing，与前句的everything形成对照，意为“一切都
30、是允许的，但没有什么是确定的”。解析：scaryscared解析 词汇错误。scary 意为“可怕的，吓人的”，一般指什么东西或事情很恐怖，scared意为“害怕的，惊慌的”，一般指人感到害怕或恐怖，后面通常接 of，此句意为“人们有时间享受激情，却往往害怕爱情的承诺。”故此处应该改为 scared，符合上下文语义。三、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：25.00)Issues concerning human learning are among the critical topics in educational psychology, child development, and c
31、ognitive science. One central focus has been on the issue of why students 1 learn and teachers teach best, and discovery learning versus direct instruction has been a contented debate in modern educational 2 theory and practice. Stemmed from the theoretical perspective of 3 constructivism, discovery
32、 learning is believed to be a tool for facilitating the creation and organization of knowledge, as well as the transfer of that knowledge across different contexts. This approach contrasts with views that emphasize direct instruction from teacher to student. This entry addresses the following centra
33、l issues: how discovery learning is defined, the empirical evidence in favor of discovery learning or direct instruction, and the facilitation of discovery and transfer. Discovery learning is a general approach that involves minded participation and active inquiry in the acquisition of 4 concepts an
34、d strategies. In classroom contexts, it refers to a form of curriculum which students are encouraged to actively explore 5 and figure out the concepts, solutions, or strategies at the hand. A 6 widely accepted idea is that discovery learning is the least 7 appropriate and effective approach to facil
35、itate deep and lasting 8 understanding. This approach is often contrasted with direct instruction or expository learning, which typically refers traditional, 9 content-oriented methods that the instructor lectures to students. 10 Learning associated with direct instruction is often believed to be le
36、ss engaged and less active, and thus less effective.（分数：25.00）解析：whyhow解析 语法错误。why 表示原因，how 表示方式。全文都在讨论学习方法以及哪种方法更有效，故可推断这里应该是要表明“如何让教与学达到最佳效果”，此处用 why语义不通，故应改为表示方式的 how。解析：contentedcontentious解析 词汇错误。contented 意思为“感到满意的”，contentious 意思为“有争议的”。根据 debate一词，可推断此处的意思应指“有争议的话题”，故选用 contentious。解析：Stemme
37、dStemming解析 语法错误。短语 stem from和它的逻辑主语 discovery learning是主谓关系，所以应该用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。此句的意思为“发现式学习源于构成主义理论观点，被认为是一种促进知识的创造和组织以及在不同语境或上下文间传递知识的工具。”解析：mindedmindful解析 词汇错误。minded 作表语时意为“准备，有意(做某事)”，mindful 意思为“专注的，留心的”。此处与名词 participation搭配，用形容词 mindful更合适，表示“高关注度的参与”。解析：whichin解析 语法错误。which 引导的定语从句修饰先行词 cu
38、rriculum，从句中主谓宾等主要成分已齐全，缺的是状语，in which 表示“在这种课程形式中”，符合文意，故加上 in。整句表示“在课堂环境中，它(发现式学习)指的是一种鼓励学生积极探索、找出概念、解决方法或策略的课程形式”。解析：the the 解析 词汇错误。at hand 意思为“在手边，即将到来”，at the hand 无此短语。故将此处的 the删掉。解析：leastmost解析 语篇错误。通读下文，可发现短文最后几句将发现式学习与直接性指导作比较，其中最后一句还提到：人们认为直接性指导的学习效果要差一些，因此此处发现式学习效果应该不是“最差”，而是“最佳”。故应该将 le
39、ast换成其反义词，并且对应最高级。改为 most。此句的意思为“一个被广泛接受的观点为：发现式学习是推进深入且持久理解的最合适、最有效的方法”。解析：facilitatefacilitating解析 语法错误。approach 此处是名词。其后的 to应该是介词而不是动词不定式符号，故后面应该接动名词而不是动词原形。所以将动词原形 facilitate改为facilitating。解析：refersto解析 词汇错误。which 引导的定语从句是对先行词 expository learning的解释说明，refer to 表示“指的是；涉及”，放在此处符合句意，意为“直接性指导是指导师向学生
40、授课的、以内容为导向的传统式教学方式”。解析：thatwhereby解析 语法错误。就 that所引导的从句来看，主谓宾已齐全，这里缺乏一个副词表示“凭借的方法或方式”。此处意为“导师用以内容为导向的传统式教学方式向学生授课”，因此将 that改为副词 whereby。四、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：25.00)There are more drugs dispensed for pain than for any other disease on this planet. Drug companies enjoy earning huge profits from people s
41、uffering with chronic pain. Pain management clinics flourish throughout the world. Most conventional medicine 1 prescribed for pain addresses a contemporary symptom removal (if 2 you are lucky) rather than curing the cause of the pain. There are many “pain management“ drugs and techniques. Most of t
42、hese will dry up to your savings and at the end of the day you will still suffer 3 from pain. This is not the worst part, but rather what your liver, kidneys 4 and other organic eventually become poisoned by long-term use of 5 synthetic drugs that is the most devastating to your health. Pain drugs a
43、re also addicted which will eventually cause other diseases. 6 Useful pain management techniques, whether they involve 7 poisonous drugs, pulsating your body parts with low voltage, rubbing your skin or using other inventions, only postpone the agony while the disease behind it will continue thrivin
44、g. Many smart philosophers mention that the best way to keep young and healthy is to put food in your mouth that is healing: e.g. treat your food as your medicine while your medicine as your 8 food. People following this simple prescription live to be good into 9 their nineties or even hundreds and
45、they feel thirty to fifty years younger than they really are. Cultures follow this principle have 10 some of the healthiest seniors around.（分数：25.00）解析：medicinemedication解析 词汇错误。medicine 是普通用词，单纯的指药物，medication 的意思比较广泛，可指药物治疗，包含所开处方之药品、药疗法等等。此处指的是医生所开的处方，非单纯指某药品，所以应该将 medicine改为 medication。解析：contem
46、porarytemporary解析 词汇错误。此处是形近词的比较，contemporary 的意思为“当代的”，temporary 指的是“暂时的，短暂的”，根据语义，此处应该指“暂时减轻疼痛症状，而不是治愈导致疼痛的本质原因”。解析：to to 解析 词汇错误。dry up 的意思是“用光、耗尽：使干涸”，dry up to 无此短语。此句的意思是“大部分这些止痛药会耗尽患者的积蓄，而直至生命的最后一天患者仍会经受疼痛的折磨”。解析：whathow解析 词汇错误。此处从句中不缺表对象的成分，故无需 what引导。应该用表示方式的副词 how，意思为“患者的肝、肾等器官如何最终被这些长期服用的
47、合成药物所毒害”，所以要将 what改为 how。解析：organicorgans解析 语法错误。形容词 organic的意思为“器官的，有机的”，根据 and可知，此处需要的是名词，表示是同前面所提到的肝、。肾并列的其他“器官”，故应改为名词 organs。整句意为“这还不是最糟糕的部分，由于长期服用合成药品，而这些药物对健康是最有危害性的，并且最终会毒害患者的肝、肾以及其他器官，这才是最糟糕的。”解析：addictedaddictive解析 词汇错误。addicted 常用于 be/become addicted to的结构中，表示“上瘾，成瘾”，此处主语非人，后无所指对象，不符合这种语法
48、结构和句意。形容词 addictive表示“使人上瘾的”，符合语义，此处意为“止痛药也会使人上瘾，并能最终引发其他疾病”。解析：UsefulUseless解析 语篇错误。此句提到“这种止痛技术仅仅能延缓疼痛，然而疼痛背后的疾病仍旧会继续发展”，若填 useful则逻辑不通，无法自圆其说。所以可以判定，只有毫无用处的止痛技术才不能治愈疾病，因此，需要使用一个表示否定含义的词 15seless。解析：whileand解析 词汇错误。while 可以引导时间状语从句，也可以作连词表示转折，不过用在此处语意都不通。这里 while后省略了动词 treat,完整形式应该是 treat your medi
49、cine as your food,与前面的 treat your food as your medicine是并列关系，所以应该改为表示并列的连词 and。解析：goodwell解析 词汇错误。此处是指身体的“健康”，应该用 well，表示“健康的”，good 是指“好的”，不特指身体健康。解析：followthat/which 或 followfollowing解析 语法错误。follow this principle 这个动宾短语和下文中的 have some seniors出现谓语重复的错误，而此句中的谓语应该是动词 have，所以应该将 follow改为其非谓语形式，用来修饰主语 cultures。此处有两种修改方法，第一种是将 follow this principle用作主语 cultures的定语从句，增加关系代词 that或者 which，此处关系代词在定语从句中作主语，不可省略；第二种方法是将 follow this principle用作主语 cultures的后置定语，follow改为其现在分词形式 following，表示主动。五、Pa
