1、职称英语综合类 C 级-66 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The rules are too rigid to allow for human error.（分数：1.00）A.inflexibleB.generalC.complexD.direct2.This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.（分数：1.00）A.turned deadB.passed byC.carried awayD.become
2、extinct3.The contract between the two companies will expire soon.（分数：1.00）A.shortenB.endC.startD.resume4.Three world-class tennis players came to contend for this title.（分数：1.00）A.argueB.claimC.wishD.compete5.The methods of communication used during the war were primitive .（分数：1.00）A.simpleB.reliabl
3、eC.effectiveD.alternative6.Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law.（分数：1.00）A.moralB.regularC.fundamentalD.hard7.The drinking water has become contaminated with lead.（分数：1.00）A.pollutedB.treatedC.testedD.corrupted8.Come out, or I“ll bust the door down.（分数：1.00）A.shutB.setC.breakD.beat9.S
4、he shed a few tears at her daughter“s wedding.（分数：1.00）A.wipedB.injectedC.producedD.removed10.They didn“t seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem.（分数：1.00）A.existenceB.importanceC.causeD.situation11.The tower remains intact ever after two hundred years.（分数：1.00）A.unknownB.unusualC.undamagedD
5、.unstable12.Many experts remain skeptical about his claims.（分数：1.00）A.doubtfulB.untouchedC.certainD.silent13.The proposal was endorsed by the majority of members.（分数：1.00）A.rejectedB.submittedC.consideredD.approved14.Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems.（分数：1.00）A.sendB.spreadC.hea
6、rD.confirm15.The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town.（分数：1.00）A.nakedB.cautiousC.blindD.private二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Writing“s on the Wall?Is it art or is it just vandalism (野蛮行为)? Well, it“s still a crime, but graffiti (涂鸦) has changed since the days of spraying your
7、name on a wall to mark your territory. Street art has become much more sophisticated since a 17-year-old called Demetrius started spraying his “tag“, all over the New York underground in 1971, and hip-hop culture was born. Hip-hop is a mixture of art, music and dancing, poetry, language and fashion.
8、 It came from young inner-city people who fell left out by their richer classmates and who were desperate to express themselves in any way they could. An experiment to control the spread of graffiti in Rochdale, greater Manchester, has been so successful that plans have been made by local street art
9、ists for an international convention in June. “We“re planning to get people together from different countries like France and Cermany for a week,“ says Liam, one of the organizers. The scheme started in 2000, and has attracted people of all age groups and both sexes. “We all share a commen interest
10、and get on really well with each other.“ The first site to be chosen was a subway. “Before we began, people were afraid to use the subway. We had it cleaned up and now, with all the artists hanging out down there, people are using it again. People can relate to graffiti much more now.“ By providing
11、places to display their talents legally, there has been a fall in the amount of “tagging“ on people“s private property. Street artists Temper developed his drawing skills at a young age. In art classes at school he was really frustrated because the art teacher didn“t spend time with him. They though
12、t he was already very good at art and so spend more time with other students. So, at 12 years old, Temper started painting with all these guys he“d hooked up with who were about 22 years old. He looked up to them and loved what they were doing on the streets of Wolvehampicn, England. “The whole hip-
13、hop scene was built up of different things and I did a bit of everything. But it was always the graffiti I was best at.“ he says.（分数：7.00）(1).Demetrius was a teenager bom in New York.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The graffiti scheme in Rochodale was for teenagers only.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.W
14、rongC.Not mentioned(3).People did not like using the subway before an organized group of graffiti artists came.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Since the scheme started, new wall in the town were sprayed with graffiti.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Most of the other graffiti arti
15、sts in England were about ten years older than Temper.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Temper, a street artist, is now head of graffiti club in England.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Temper is involved in many different aspects of hip-hop culture.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not ment
16、ioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Traffic Jams-No End in Sight1. Traffic congestion (拥堵) affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters (通勤人员) spend an average of a full working week each yea
17、r sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy. 2. The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called c
18、ongestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollut
19、ion in city centres thanks to congestion pricing. 3. Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing
20、cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether. 4. Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city stre
21、ets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them. 5. Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport
22、is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies. But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny
23、 compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges. A. Not doing enough B. A global problem C. Changing work practice D. A solution which is no solution E. Paying to get in F. Closing city centres to traffic（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1.（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1
24、.（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：1.00）(5).A. go by bus B. encourage more private cars C. drive around D. spend more money E. reduce traffic jams F. travel regularly Most American drivers think it convenient to 1.（分数：1.00）(6).If charged high enough, some drivers may 1 to enter certain parts of town.（分
25、数：1.00）(7).Building more roads is not an effective way to 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The U.S. government has planned to 1 updating public-transport systems.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Immigration and ProblemsHundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rights in the US fi
26、lled streets all over America in early 2006. Many held signs and American flags and asked to be treated as citizens not criminals. Many of these supported legislation from Senator John McCain that would open a path to citizenship to immigrants who were already in the country illegally. Proposed legi
27、slation from other politicians called for stricter measures-including rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending them back to their home countries. Canadian officials say that immigration applications continue to rise. Some want to keep the doors open. They need the labor. About 400,000 immigra
28、nts were allowed into the country in 2005, according to the Canadian Government statistics. However, all this growth means that cities need to adapt. New comers don“t always make a smooth transition into jobs for which they are skilled. So industries are using mentoring (辅导) programs to help new imm
29、igrants find proper jobs. With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands and showing no sign of abating (减少), the Spanish Government has decided to get tough. There will be no more mass amnesties (特赦) for illegal, and anyone coming to Spain without permissio
30、n will be sent back, the government has announced. About 23,000 migrants (移民) landed on the islands in 2006, and riots have erupted in some crowded reception centers. This has promoted local authorities to appeal to the United Nations for help. France“s new immigration and integration law gives the
31、government new powers to encourage high-skilled migration. It takes effect in 2007. The new law authorizes the government will help these identified employers find immigrant workers with needed skills or qualifications. The selected foreign employees will be granted “skills and talents“ visas valid
32、for three years. But some peoples show the concern that it“ll cause brain drain in developing countries.（分数：15.00）(1).Many immigrants in the US took to the streets in early 2006, demanding that _.（分数：3.00）A.John McCain be removed.B.they be sent back homeC.they be treated as citizensD.their culture b
33、e protected(2).The expression “rounding up“ in paragraph 1 could be best replaced by _.（分数：3.00）A.encirclingB.separatingC.arrestingD.frightening(3).Canada is not very strict with immigration applications because _.（分数：3.00）A.it is a large countryB.it is suffering from labor shortageC.its population
34、is decreasingD.it is a multicultural country(4).To solve the immigration problem, the Spanish Government has decided _.（分数：3.00）A.to take tough measures against illegal immigrationB.to let immigrants freely enter the countryC.to integrate immigrants into the Spanish cultureD.to help immigrants find
35、proper jobs(5).After France“s new immigration and integration law takes effect, it will _.（分数：3.00）A.encourage overseas students to return homeB.bring damage to the unity of the countryC.arouse anger among French workersD.make it hard for developing countries to keep talents六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Gros
36、s National HappinessIn the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist (佛教) culture had not been affected for a
37、lmost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its
38、 traditions. King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product (GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a d
39、ifferent idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country“s progress by people“s happiness. If the people“s happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness (GNH). GNH is based on certain
40、principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stabl
41、e government. Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional
42、 clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first tim
43、e. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet. Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan“s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care
44、 of their people, cultures, and land. Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of t
45、he world will follow.（分数：15.00）(1).Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?（分数：3.00）A.A president.B.A Buddhist priest.C.A general.D.A king.(2).Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?（分数：3.00）A.To make its population grow.B.To keep it separate from the world.C.To encourag
46、e its people to get rich.D.To keep its tradition and customs.(3).A country shows its progress with GNP by _.（分数：3.00）A.selling more productsB.spending more moneyC.spending less moneyD.providing more jobs(4).According to GNH, people are happier if they _.（分数：3.00）A.have new technologyB.can change the
47、ir religionC.have a good, stable governmentD.have more money(5).Today, many countries are _.（分数：3.00）A.using the principles of GNH to measure their progressB.working together to develop a common scale to measure GNHC.taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progressD.trying to find their
48、own ways to measure happiness七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Making a Loss is the Height of FashionGiven that a good year in the haute couture (高级定制女装) business is one where you lose even more money than usual, the prevailing mood in Paris last week was sensational. The big-name designers were falling over the
49、mselves to boast of how many outfits they had sold at below cost price, and how this proved that the fashion business was healthier than ever. Jean-Paul Gaultier reported record sales, “but we don“t make any money out of it,“ the designer assured journalists backstage. “No matter how successful you are, you can“t make a profit from couture,“ explained Jean-Jacques Picart, a veteran fashion PR man, and co-founder of the now-bankrupt Lacroix house. Almost 20 years have passed since the unusual economics of the couture business were first exposed. Outraged
