1、职称英语综合类 C级-36 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Mary Mapes Dodge exercised considerable influence on childrens literature in the late nineteenth century.（分数：1.00）A.stylisticB.greatC.personalD.exclusive2.After years of research,Charles Drew devised a procedure for preserving p
2、lasma.（分数：1.00）A.transportingB.savingC.reusingD.labeling3.Wet clays can be easily molded into a form that they retain.（分数：1.00）A.compressedB.combinedC.placedD.shaped4.His friend unexpectedly dropped in.（分数：1.00）A.visitedB.stepped inC.dropped offD.met5.Cattle graze on the dry uplands of the island of
3、 Hawaii.（分数：1.00）A.wanderB.breedC.feedD.exercise6.Pure feldspar is a colorless,transparent mineral,but impurities commonly make it opaque and colorful.（分数：1.00）A.trulyB.rapidlyC.periodicallyD.frequently7.Most cloud formations occur when air masses of different temperatures collide.（分数：1.00）A.touchB.
4、smashC.bumpD.clash8.Hes going to set off on a journey to New York.（分数：1.00）A.beginB.besetC.flauntD.braid9.The hub of commerce is located near the capital.（分数：1.00）A.stationB.exampleC.nucleusD.remnant10.Bats are extremely shy creatures and avoid humans if at all possible.（分数：1.00）A.timidB.cleanC.priv
5、ateD.noisy11.There are numerous manuals available with instructions on how to fix a bicycle.（分数：1.00）A.controlB.rideC.repairD.steer12.Many classical music lovers feel disoriented when they listen to modern atonal music.（分数：1.00）A.disgustedB.disappointedC.lostD.enchanted13.American journalists often
6、overstate a situation to make the news more stimulating.（分数：1.00）A.exaggerateB.inspireC.animateD.misinterpret14.Margaret Meads reputation was established with the publication of her first book in 1982 and was enhanced by her many subsequent contributions to anthropology.（分数：1.00）A.obscuredB.entrance
7、dC.heightenedD.restored15.These scissors are blunt and can not cut paper.（分数：1.00）A.weakB.brokenC.dullD.rough二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Riches and Romance From Frances Wine HarvestSeptember is harvest time. And with bunches of grapes swinging (摇摆) in the wind, the vineyards of southern France are ge
8、tting ready to celebrate it.The yearly wine festival is held in honour of Bacchus, the Roman god of wine. Its a fun time with parties, music, dancing, big meals and, of course, lots of wine.French wine-making began more than 2,500 years ago. The worlds oldest type of vine grows in France and always
9、produces a good quality wine. Today France produces one-fifth of the worlds wine, and some of the most famous varieties.The top wine-producing areas are Bordeaux, Burgundy and the Loire Valley. Champagne, a drink used in celebrations, is named after the place where sparkling (有气泡的)wine was first pro
10、duced in 1700.Wine is made from the juice of freshly picked grapes. It is the sugars that turn into alcohol.Traditionally, people used to take off their shoes and crush the grapes with their bare feet to bring out the juice. Nowadays, this practice is usually carried out by machines.Each wine produc
11、ing region has its own character, based on its type of grapes and soil.The taste of wine changes with time. Until 1850, all French champagne was sweet. Now, both wine and champagne taste slightly bitter.The drink has always been linked with riches, romance and nobleness. Yet the French think of it i
12、n more ordinary terms.They believe it makes daily living easier, less hurried and with fewer problems.“All its links are with times when people are at their best; with relaxation, happiness, long slow meals and the free flow of ideas, “wrote wine expert Hugh Johnson.（分数：7.00）(1).All French people ce
13、lebrate the grape harvest every September.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).In the yearly wine festival, people always enjoy themselves.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Wine-making in France has a history of over 2,500 years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Many varieties o
14、f wine produced in France are named after places.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Different regions in France produce different types of wine.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).French wine will taste sour (酸的) in future.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The French people beli
15、eve that drinking wine is a good way to relax.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) ACloud-to-ground lightning occurring in the U. S. BTypes of lightning CCause of lightning DDifferences between thunder and thunderstormE Frequencies of thunderstorms occurring in the
16、world and the U. S.F Shock waves as thunder（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraphs 2 and 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ Aoccurs most infrequently Bis shifted sideways by strong winds Cis often hidden from our view Dis equipped with
17、a good knowledge of various forms of lightningE is estimated at 20 millions a yearF is positively charged（分数：4.00）(1).In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning the grounds surface_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).One form of lightning that _ is ball lightning.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Cloud lightning looks like a rib
18、bon when its lightning channel_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Although not fully understanding processes of lightning man_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Forecasting MethodsThere are several different methods that can be used to create a forecast. The method a forecaster chooses
19、 depends Upon the experience of the forecaster, the amount of information available to the forecaster, the level of difficulty that the forecast situation presents, and the degree of accuracy or confidence needed in the forecast.The first of these methods is the persistence method; the simplest way
20、of producing a forecast. The persistence method assumes that the conditions at the time of the forecast will not change. For example, if it is sunny and 87 degree today, the persistence method predicts that it will be sunny and 87 degree tomorrow. If two inches of rain fell today, the persistence me
21、thod would predict two inches of rain for tomorrow. However, if weather conditions change significantly from day to day, the persistence method usually breaks down and is not the best forecasting method to use.The trends method involves determining the speed and direction of movement for fronts, hig
22、h and low pressure centers, and areas of clouds and precipitation. Using this information, the forecaster can predict where he or she expects those features to be at some future time. For example, if a storm system is 1,000 miles west of your location and moving to the east at 250 miles per day, sui
23、ng the trends method you would predict it to arrive in your area in 4 days. The trends method works well when systems continue to move at the same speed in the same direction for a long period of time. if they slow down, speed up, change intensity, or change direction, the trends forecast will proba
24、bly not work as well.The climatology method is another simple way of producing a forecast. This method involves averaging weather statistics accumulated over man years to make the forecast. For ex- ample, if you were using the climatology method to predict the weather for new York City on July 4th,
25、you would go through all the weather data that has been recorded for every July 4th and take an average. The climatology method only works well when the weather pattern is similar to that expected for the chosen time of year. if the pattern is quite unusual for the given time of year, the climatolog
26、y method will often fail.The analog method is a slightly more complicated method of producing a forecast. It involves examining todays forecast scenario and remembering a day in the past when the weather scenario looked very similar (an analog). The forecaster would predict that the weather in this
27、forecast will behave the same as it did in the past. The analog method is difficult to use because it is virtually impossible to find a predict analog. Various weather features rarely align themselves in the same locations they were in the previous time. Even small differences between the current ti
28、me and the analog can lead to very different results.（分数：15.00）(1).What factor is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method?_（分数：3.00）A.Imagination of the forecaster.B.Necessary amount of information.C.Practical knowledge of the forecaster.D.Degree of difficulty involved in forecasting.(2).Pers
29、istence method will work well_（分数：3.00）A.if weather conditions change greatly from day to dayB.if weather conditions do not change muchC.on sunny daysD.on rainy days(3).The limitation of the trends method is the same as the persistence method in that_（分数：3.00）A.it makes predications about weatherB.i
30、t makes predications about precipitationC.the weather features need to be well definedD.the weather features need to be constant for a long period of time(4).Which method may involve historical weather data?_（分数：3.00）A.The trends method.B.The analog method.C.Both climatology method and analog method
31、.D.The trends method and the persistence method.(5).It will be impossible to make weather forecast using the analog method_（分数：3.00）A.when the current weather scenario differs from the analogB.when the current weather scenario is the same as the analogC.when the analog is over ten years oldD.when th
32、e analog is a simple repetition of the current weather scenario六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Telling Tales about PeopleOne of the most common types of nonfiction, and one that many people enjoy reading, is stories about peoples lives. These stories fall into three general categories: autobiography, memoir, a
33、nd biography.An autobiography is the story of a persons life written by himself or herself. Often it begins with the persons earliest recollections and ends in the present. Autobiography writers may not be entirely objective in the way they present themselves. However, they offer the reader a good l
34、ook at the way they are and what makes them that way. People as diverse as Benjamin Franklin and Helen Keller have written autobiographies. Other writers, such as James Joyce, have written thinly fictionalized accounts of their lives. These are not autobiographies, but they are very close to it.Memo
35、irs, strictly speaking, are autobiographical accounts that focus as much on the events of the times as on the life of the author. Memoir writers typically use these events as backdrops for their lives. They describe them in detail and discuss their importance. Recently, though, the term memoir seems
36、 to be becoming interchangeable with autobiography. A memoir nowadays may or may not deal with the outside world.Biographies are factual accounts of someone elses life. In many senses, these may be the hardest of the three types to write. Autobiography writers know the events they write about becaus
37、e they lived them. But biography writers have to gather information from as many different sources as possible. Then they have to decide which facts to include. Their goal is to present a balanced picture of a person, not one that is overly positive or too critical. A fair, well-presented biography
38、may take years to research and write.（分数：15.00）(1).This passage is mostly about_（分数：3.00）A.famous autobiographiesB.why biography can be difficult to writeC.differences between autobiographies and memoirsD.the characteristics of autobiographies, memoirs, and biographies(2).Helen Keller wrote_（分数：3.00
39、）A.a work of fictionB.a memoirC.a biographyD.an autobiography(3).Autobiography writers are not always objective because they_（分数：3.00）A.want to present themselves in a good lightB.constantly compete with biography writersC.have trouble remembering the good timesD.feel they have to make up details to
40、 make their books sell(4).The writer introduces each category in the passage by_（分数：3.00）A.giving an exampleB.explaining why it is hard to writeC.defining itD.telling when people first began writing it(5).Diverse means_（分数：3.00）A.enjoying poetryB.similar or alikeC.varied or differentD.able to swim i
41、n deep water七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The History of ExaminationsIn ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches.In the European universities of the Middle Ages, stude
42、nts who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctors degree.Generally, however, modern examinations are written. The wr
43、itten examination, where all students are tested on the same question, was probably not known until the nineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase in population and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidates for a state examination, timed exactly by
44、 electric clocks and carefully watched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobile factory. Generally, during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.One type of test is sometimes called an “objective“ test. It is intended to deal with facts, not pers
45、onal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like correct answers to students who have not learned the material prope
46、rly.（分数：15.00）(1).In the Middle Ages students_（分数：3.00）A.took objective testsB.specialized in one subjectC.were timed by electric clocksD.never wrote exams(2).The main idea of paragraph 3 is that_（分数：3.00）A.workers now take examinationsB.the population has grownC.there are only written examsD.examin
47、ations are now written and timed(3).The kind of exams where students must select answers are_（分数：3.00）A.personalB.spokenC.objectiveD.written(4).Modern industry must have developed_（分数：3.00）A.before the Middle AgesB.around the 19th centuryC.in Greece or RomeD.machines to take tests(5).It may be concl
48、uded that testing_（分数：3.00）A.should test only opinionsB.should always be writtenC.has changed since the Middle AgesD.is given only in factories八、第 5部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Automatic Doors in EgyptWhen you next step through the doors of a supermarket,spare a thought for Heron,a talented specialist of
49、ancient “high tech“ engineering. Nearly two thousand years ago he designed automatically opening doors for the temples of the Egyptian city of Alexandna.Heron had a talent for designing mechanical wonders to surprise people and make people happy. (46) was a gift to the Egyptian priests,who for centuries had used wonde
