1、职称英语综合类 C 级-16 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Christians believe that the soul lives forever. A. heart B. mind C. spirit D. emotion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.All three men were hot, dirty, and exhausted. A. hungry B. thirsty C. tired D. exited（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.He predicted that
2、an earthquake was imminent. A. foretold B. proposed C. promised D. identified（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.An academic term lasting approximately three months. A. actually B. nearly C. especially D. fairly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Employees are entitled to an annual paid leave of fifteen days. A. daily B. weekly C. m
3、onthly D. yearly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means. A. complete B. determine C. unite D. solve（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.A cut in interest rates should help stimulate economic recovery. A. promote B. encourage C. produce D. create（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.I have several spare ti
4、ckets. A. thin B. extra C. attached D. prepared（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The herb medicine eventually cured her disease. A. nicely B. apparently C. finally D. naturally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Everyone can tell this poor mans longing for knowledge. A. desire B. length C. pursuit D. objective（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.
5、He put forward a plan for improving their working conditions A. lifting B. converting C. developing D. bettering（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.How do you account for your absence from the class this morning? A. explain B. expand C. examine D. review（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He succeeded because he is both diligent a
6、nd intelligent. A. ambitious B. lazy C. hardworking D. clever（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Has she altered her mind? A. gave up B. made up C. alternated D. changed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The standards set four years ago in Seoul will be far below the athletes capabilities now. A. capacities B. strengths C. possib
7、ilities D. abilities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Fermi ProblemOn a Monday morning in July, the worlds first atom bomb exploded in the New Mexico desert. Forty seconds later, the shook waves reached the base camp where the Italian-American physicist Enrico Fezmi and his team stood. Af
8、ter a mental calculation, Fermi announced to his team that the bombs energy had equated 10,000 tons of TNT. The bomb team was impressed, but not surprised. Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain
9、reaction, leading us into the nuclear age. Since Fermis death in 1954, no physicist has been at once a master experimentalist and a leading theoretician.Like all virtuosos (大师), Fermi had a distinctive style. He preferred the most direct route to an answer. He was very good at dividing difficult pro
10、blems into small, manageable bits talent we all can use in our daily lives.To develop this talent in his students, Fermi would suggest a type of question now known as a Fermi problem. Upon first hearing one of these, you havent the remotest notion of the answer, and you feel certain that too little
11、information had been given to solve it. Yet when the problem is broken into sub-problems, each answerable without the help of experts or books, you can come close to the exact solution.Suppose you want to determine Earths circumference without looking it up. Everyone knows that New York and Los Ange
12、les are about 3,000 miles apart and that the time difference between them is three hours. Three hours is one-eighth of a day, and a day is the time it takes the planet to complete one rotation, so its circumference must be eight times 3000 or 24000 miles. This answer differs from the true value, 24,
13、902.45 miles, by less than four percent.Ultimately the value of dealing with everyday problems the way Fermi did lies in the rewards of making independent discoveries and inventions. It doesnt matter whether the discovery is as important as determining the power of an atom or as small as measuring t
14、he distance between New York and Los Angeles. Looking up the answer, or letting someone else find it deprives you of the pleasure and pride that accompany creativity, and deprives you of an experience that builds up self-confide. Thus, approaching personal dilemmas as Fermi problems can become a hab
15、it that enriches your life.（分数：7.00）(1).Fermis team was impressed by Fermis announcement in the base camp because he could even work out the power of the atom bomb in his mind.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for produci
16、ng the first nuclear chain reaction in the world.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Dividing a big problem into small problems is a talent Fermi had and a talent that has practical value in life.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Fermi problem is to develop the talent of breaking a see
17、mingly unanswerable problem into sub-problems and finding the solution to it, which is a typical Fermi problem.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Then the fourth paragraph tells us how Fermi solved the problem of earths circumference without looking up.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6
18、).The last paragraph concludes the whole writing by stressing the value of important inventions and small discoveries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Fermi was famous for inventing a device to calculate bombs energy accurately.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，
19、分数：8.00)Ford1 Fords great strength was the manufacturing process not invention. Long before he started a car company, he was a worker, known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning them into machines. He started putting cars together in 1891, although it was by no means the first popular
20、 automobile, the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market.2 The companys assembly line alone threw Americas Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转). Instead of having workers put together the entire car, Fords friends, who were great toolmakers from
21、Scotland, organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a line. By the time Ford s Highland Park plant was humming (嗡嗡作响) along in 1914, the worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes.3 The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the $5 a day m
22、inimum Wage scheme, the greatest contribution he had ever made. The average Wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shift. Ford not only doubled that he also took an hour off the workday. In those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didn
23、t involve an awful lot of training or education. The Wall Street Journal called the plan “an economic crime“ and critics everywhere laughed at Ford.4 But as the wage increased later to daily $10, it proved a critical component of Fords dream to make the automobile accessible to all The critics were
24、too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didnt matter, except for making it possible for more people to buy cars.A Fords FollowersB The Assembly LineC Fords Great DreamD The Establishment of the CompanyE Fords Biggest ContributionF Fords Great Talent
25、（分数：4.00）(1).paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A criticized by the mediaB the low wage in the auto industryC own a carD Produce cars in large numbersE the 8-hour-shift practiceF combined technology and mark
26、et（分数：4.00）(1).The assembly line made it possible to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Ford was the first to adopt _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Higher wages enabled many people to _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Fords higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was strongly _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：1
27、5.00)Pronouncing a LanguagePronouncing a language is a skill. Every normal person is an expert in the skill of pronouncing his own language; but few people are even fairly proficient at pronouncing foreign languages. Now there are many reasons for this, some obvious, some perhaps not so obvious. But
28、 I suggest that the basic reason why people in general do not speak foreign languages very much better than they do native language is that they fail to understand the true nature of the problem of learning to pronounce. Far too many people fail to realize that pronouncing a foreign language is a sk
29、ill-one that needs careful training of a special kind, and one that cannot be gained by just leaving it to take care of itself. I think even teachers of language, while realizing the importance of a good accent, often neglect, in their practical teaching, the branch of study concerned with speaking
30、the language. So the first point I want to make is that English pronunciation must be taught; the teacher should be prepared to devote some of the lesson time to this, and get the student to feel that here is a matter worthy of receiving his close attention. So, there should be occasions when other
31、aspects of English, such as grammar or spelling, are allowed for the moment to take second place.Besides this question of the time given to pronunciation, there are two other requirements for the teacher: the first, knowledge; the second, technique.It is also possible to get a clear mental picture o
32、f the relationship between the sounds of different languages, between the speech habits of English people and those, say, of your students. Unless the teacher has such a picture, any comments he may make on his students pronunciation are unlikely to be of much use, and lesson time spent on pronuncia
33、tion may well be time wasted.（分数：15.00）(1).What does the author say about pronouncing foreign language?（分数：3.00）A.Every normal person is an expert in the skill of pronouncing foreign languages.B.It is difficult for people to pronounce foreign languages.C.No one is really an expert in the skill of pr
34、onouncing foreign languages.D.There are not many people who are even fairly good at it.(2).What is the cause of going about the problem of pronunciation in the wrong way ?（分数：3.00）A.An obvious cause of not understanding the problem correctlyB.A result of not speaking wellC.A result of not understand
35、ing the problem correctlyD.Not an obvious cause of speaking poorly(3).According to the writer, what are teachers likely to ignore?（分数：3.00）A.The practical techniques of teachingB.The importance of a good accentC.The teaching of spelling and grammarD.The teaching of pronunciation(4).What are the thre
36、e important requirements for teachers in teaching?（分数：3.00）A.Attention, information, technique.B.Time, knowledge, attention.C.Time, knowledge, technique.D.Information, technique, a clear mental pictur(5).What does a student who masters correct speech habits depend on?（分数：3.00）A.The teachers proper t
37、eaching techniqueB.The learning of grammarC.The knowledge of spellingD.The teachers teaching method for pronunciation六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Working Successfully within Cultural BoundariesSoon after starting our job in China, we realized that the greatest challenge we faced would not be our day-to-day
38、responsibilities but a completely foreign work environment and culture.We were used to the very direct, sometimes confrontational, but more equal style of management in the United States. Here, we were faced with the never-direct, never-confrontational style of management common in Asia.We often hea
39、r similar stories. One woman shared her experience of returning to China after more than 15 years in the US. Although she spent most of her childhood in China, she felt that her colleagues thinking processes were completely foreign to her. She needed to adapt herself to the culture of her company on
40、ly then would she be successful at her job. In the end, she wasnt able to successfully re-adapt herself to the culture. What she didnt realize was that, rather than disagreeing with her ideas, they disagreed with her method of implementing them. For example, instead of recognizing her companys stric
41、t chain-of-command, she had in one case taken her plan straight to the company chairman. This action consequently caused her superiors to lose face. She had unwittingly broken a cardinal rule of Chinese culture.One man who spent many years overseas before returning to China to head up the local oper
42、ations of a multinational company, had a similar experience. In his first management team meeting, he presented his plans for a new direction in China operations. His request was met with an uncomfortable silence, with none of the managers daring to speak up. They had not been prepared for his open
43、style of management. Soon he quickly determined that his first on-the-job challenge would be to build up managers confidence in him, and that he had to do this individually, not in a group. Within a year, their management team meetings were transformed into the interactive, brainstorming sessions th
44、at he intended them to be.Therefore, it wasnt until after we had learned to appreciate the culture of our workplace and earned the confidence and trust of our inferiors that we were able to move forward and successfully do our job. We must first understand and accept a culture for what it is; only t
45、hen will we be able to successfully work within it.（分数：15.00）(1).What are the differences in style of management in the USA and China according to the author?（分数：3.00）A.In the USA, it is indirect style of management. In China, it is direct.B.In the USA, it is direct style of management. In China, it
46、 is never-direct.C.In the USA, it is always confrontational. In China, it is sometimes confrontational.D.In the USA, it is equal. In China it is unequal.(2).Where did the woman think she differed from her Chinese colleagues?（分数：3.00）A.In the thinking process.B.In treating the same thing.C.In impleme
47、nting.D.In understanding the rul(3).What is the cardinal rule of Chinese culture mentioned in this passage?（分数：3.00）A.The obedience to the superior.B.The strict chain-of-command.C.Confidence in the manager.D.Individual discussion before making it open.(4).How did the Chinese managers firstly respond
48、 to the mans management style?（分数：3.00）A.They all applauded.B.They all disagreed.C.They all kept silent.D.They all showed great interest.(5).If one wants to work successfully in a different culture, what is the first thing he/she should do?（分数：3.00）A.Learn to appreciate the culture of his/her workpl
49、ace.B.Earn the confidence and trust of his/her superiors.C.Get along well with the colleagues.D.Work harder than others.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A Carrot a Day Keeps Cancer AwayAmong all the malignancies, lung cancer is the biggest killer: more than 100,000 Americans a year die of the disease. Giving up smoking is one of obvious
