1、职称英语综合类 B 级真题 2014 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第一部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The group does not advocate the use of violence. （分数：1.00）A.supportB.limitC.regulateD.oppose2.His stomach felt hollow with fear. （分数：1.00）A.emptyB.sincereC.respectfulD.terrible3.His professional career spanned 16 years. （分
2、数：1.00）A.startedB.changedC.movedD.lasted4.His knowledge of French is fair. （分数：1.00）A.very usefulB.very limitedC.rather specialD.quite good5.Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down. （分数：1.00）A.disappointmentB.excitementC.angerD.calm6.It was a magic night until the spell was broken. （分数：1.00）
3、A.charmB.timeC.spaceD.opportunity7.The worst agonies of the war were now beginning. （分数：1.00）A.partsB.painsC.aspectsD.results8.He led a very moral life. （分数：1.00）A.humanB.intelligentC.naturalD.honorable9.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system. （分数：1.00）A.discoverB.proveC.c
4、onsiderD.imagine10.Several windows had been smashed. （分数：1.00）A.cleanedB.replacedC.brokenD.fixed11.London quickly became a flourishing port. （分数：1.00）A.successfulB.majorC.largeD.commercial12.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation. （分数：1.00）A.copyB.publishC.summarizeD.fur
5、nish13.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid. （分数：1.00）A.hiddenB.traditionalC.officialD.inflexible14.The majority of people around here are decent. （分数：1.00）A.realB.honestC.normalD.wealthy15.She felt that she had done her good deed for the day. （分数：1.00）A.homeworkB.actC.justiceD.model二、第二部分：阅读
6、判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Most Wonderful Islands The Palm Islands are the largest artificial islands in the world and are under construction in Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates on which major commercial and residential infrastructure will be constructed. They are being developed as tourist, leisure, an
7、d residential resorts, and will increase the coastline of the country by 120 kilometres. After four years of planning and careful consideration of the environmental issues, construction started in 2001. Dutch engineers with experience of reclaiming land from the sea were employed in the building of
8、the first two islands. The site for all three islands is an area of the sea where the water is not very deep. Sand is taken from the seabed and sprayed into the construction site. Although the shallow water facilitates this process, the islands are still very exposed to the currents and tidal moveme
9、nts of the sea. Rocks are used to hold the sand in place resulting in a large crescent(月状的)structure. This acts as a breakwater and protects the islands from the sea. The first two islands are in the shape of date palm trees and consist of a trunk and 17 fronds, or leaves, coming off the trunk. The
10、first island, named Palm Jumeirah, has three five-star hotels in the trunk, and luxury homes in the leaves. It is astonishing that when these homes went on sale in 2004, they were all sold within three days. The second palm Jebel Ali, was started in 2002 and is designed to be an entertainment centre
11、. Six marinas(小游艇船坞) are planned, with a water theme park, and home built on stilts(桩柱) in the water. The Palm Deira is planned to be the largest of the three islands, with a length of 14 km and a width of 8.5 km, an area larger than the city of Paris. It will consist of residential properties, mari
12、nas, shopping malls, sports facilities, and clubs. These will be open to both residents and tourists. More artificial islands, the World Islands, are now being constructed near the Palm Jumeirah. They consist of 300 private islands grouped into the shape of the continents of the world and will be us
13、ed for estates, private homes, community islands, and resorts. Unquestionably, these artificial islands are one of the wonders of the modern world. They will also maintain Dubais status as one of the leading tourist destinations in the region. （分数：7.00）(1).Some Dutch engineers are experienced in rec
14、laiming land from the sea. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The islands are being built in the deep water of the sea. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Rocks for building the breakwater were taken from the World of Islands. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).All the luxury ho
15、mes on Palm Jumeirah were sold. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The water theme park in Jebel Ali will attract more tourists. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The Palm Deira will be the same size as Paris. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The world Islands are bigger than
16、 the Palm Jumeirah. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Storyteller 1.Steven Spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen.And thats what he has always been about.The son of a computer scientist and a pianist, S
17、pielberg spent his early childhood in New Jersey and, later, Arizona.From the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking. 2.Even decades later, Spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of
18、some of his biggest hits.He believes that E.T.is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parents 1966 divorce, “It is really about a young boy who was in search of some stability in his life.”“He was scared of just about everything,” recalls his mother, Leah Adler.“When trees brushed aga
19、inst the house, he would head into my bed.And thats just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like Poltergeist.” 3.Spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dads movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and World War battles.Spielbergs talent for scary sto
20、rytelling enabled him to make friends.On Boy Scout camping trips, when night fell, Spielberg became the center of attention.“Steven would start telling his ghost stories,” says Richard Y.Hoffman Jr., leader of Troop 294, “and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it.” 4. Spie
21、lberg moved to California with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated.Both UCLA and USC film schools rejected him, so he entered California State University at Long Beach because it was close to Hollywood.Spielberg was determined to make movies,
22、 and he managed to get an unpaid, non-credit internship(实习)in Hollywood.Soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college.He never looked back. 5. Now, many years later, Spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent.Ask him where he gets his ideas, Spielber
23、g shrugs.“The process for me is mostly intuitive (凭直觉的),” he says.“There are films that I feel I need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that I want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that I think my kids will like it.And sometimes I just think that it wi
24、ll make a lot of money, like the sequel(续集) to Jurassic Park.” A.An aim of life B.A funny man C.Inspirations for his movies D.Telling stories to make friends E.The trouble of making movies F.Getting into the movie business （分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Paragraph 2（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
25、.E.F.(3).Paragraph 3（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Paragraph 4（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(5).A.a lot of money B.a number of reasons C.almost everything D.his childhood memories E.telling scary stories F.making children laugh Some of Spielbergs most successful movies came from （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(6).When Spiel
26、berg was a boy, he used to be scared of （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(7).Spielberg is very good at（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(8).Spielberg says he makes movies for （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.四、第四部分：阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 The Making of a Success Story IKEA is the worlds largest furniture retailer, and the man behind it
27、 is Ingvar Kamprad, one of the worlds most successful entrepreneurs. Born in Sweden in 1926, Kamprad was a natural businessman. As a child, he enjoyed selling things and made small profits from selling matches, seeds, and pencils in his community. When Kamprad was 17, his father gave him some money
28、as a reward for his good grades. Naturally he used it to start up a business 一 IKEA. Today IKEA is known for its modern, minimalist furniture1, but it was not a furniture company in the beginning. Rather, IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods. Kamprads wares included anything that he could sell
29、 for profits at discounted prices2, including watches, pens and stockings. IKEA first began to sell furniture through a mail-order catalogue in 1947. The furniture was all designed and made by manufacturers near Kamprads home. Initial sales were very encouraging, so Kamprad expanded the product line
30、. Furniture was such a successful aspect of the business that IKEA became solely a furniture company in 1951. In 1953 IKEA opened its first showroom in Almhult, Sweden. IKEA is known today for its spacious stores with furniture in attractive settings, but in the early 1950s, people ordered from cata
31、logues. Thus response to the first showroom was overwhelming: people loved being able to see and try the furniture before buying it. This led to increased sales and the company continued to thrive. By 1955, IKEA was designing all its own furniture. In 1956 Kamprad saw a man disassembling a table to
32、make it easier to transport. Kamprad was inspired. The man had given him a great idea: flat packaging3. Flat packaging would mean lower shipping costs for IKEA and lower prices for customers. IKEA tried it and sales soared. The problem was that people had to assemble furniture themselves, but over t
33、ime, even this grew into an advantage for IKEA. Nowadays, IKEA is often seen as having connotations of self-sufficiency. This image has done wonders for the company, leading to better sales and continued expansion. Today there are over 200 stores in 32 countries. Amazingly, Ingvar Kamprad has manage
34、d to keep IKEA a privately-held company. In 2004 he was named the worlds richest man. He currently lives in Switzerland and is retied from the day-to-day operations of IKEA. IKEA itself, though, just keeps on growing. （分数：15.00）(1).Kamprad established IKEA with （分数：3.00）A.his personal savings.B.his
35、fathers reward for his school performance.C.large profits from selling things.D.His schools support(2).The author states in Paragraph 5 that flat packaging （分数：3.00）A.need fathers reward for his school performance.B.is a business concept inspired by Kamprad.C.help reduce transportation costs.D.make
36、the company self-sufficient(3).According to the passage, which of the following is not true? （分数：3.00）A.IKEA experienced rapid expansion since the late 1950s.B.IKEA designed its own products since 1955.C.IKEA sold all kinds of miscellaneous goods originally.D.Kamprad sold his company after retiremen
37、t.(4).What is the authors attitude towards IKEAs future according to the last paragraph? （分数：3.00）A.Indifferent.B.Doubtful.C.Optimistic.D.Pessimistic.(5).The passage is developed primarily in terms of （分数：3.00）A.analysis of a processB.Examples that illustrate a problem.C.Comparison and contrast.D.Se
38、quence of events.第二篇 Approaches to Understanding Intelligences It pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way .You may be a talented musician, but you might not be a good reader . Each of us is different . Psychologists disagree about what is intelligence and what are talents or perso
39、nal abilities .Psychologists have two different views on intelligence .Some believe there is one general intelligence .Others believe there are many different intelligences . Some psychologists say there is one type of intelligence that can be measured with IQ tests .These psychologists support thei
40、r view with research that concludes that people who do well on one kind of test for mental ability do well on other tests .They do well on tests using words ,numbers or pictures. They do well on individual or group tests ,and written or oral tests .Those who do poorly on one test ,do the same on all
41、 tests . Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for general intelligence .The brain of intelligence people use less energy during problem solving .The brain waves of people with higher intelligence show a quicker reaction .Some researchers conclude that differences in intelligenc
42、e result from differences in the speed and effectiveness of information processing by the brain . Howard Gardner , a psychologist at the Harvard School of Education ,has four children .He believes that all children are different and shouldnt be tested by one intelligence test .Although Gardner belie
43、ves general intelligence exists , he doesnt think it tells much about the talents of a person outside of formal schooling .He think that the human mind has different intelligences .These intelligences allow us to solve the kinds of problems we are presented with in life .Each of us has different abi
44、lities within these intelligences .Gardner believes that the purpose of school should be to encourage development of all of our intelligences . Gardner says that his theory is based on biology .For example ,when one part of the Brain is injured ,other parts of the brain still work .People who cannot
45、 talk because of Brain damage can still sing .So ,there is not just one intelligence to lose .Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligence; linguistic, mathematical, spatial, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, body-kinesthetic(身体动觉的),and naturalistic . （分数：15.00）(1).What is the main
46、idea of this passage ? （分数：3.00）A.The importance of intelligence .B.The development of intelligence tests .C.How to understand intelligence .D.How to become intelligent .(2).Which of the following statements is true concerning general intelligence ? （分数：3.00）A.Most intelligent people do well on some
47、 intelligence tests .B.Intelligent people do not do well on group tests .C.Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests .D.People doing well on one type of intelligence test do well on other tests .(3).Gardner believes that _ . （分数：3.00）A.all children are alike .B.children have d
48、ifferent intelligences .C.children should take one intelligence test .D.there is no general intelligence .(4).According to Gardner, schools should _ . （分数：3.00）A.promote development of all intelligences .B.test students IQs .C.train students who do poorly on tests .D.focus on finding the most intell
49、igent students .(5).Gardner thinks that his theory has a _ . （分数：3.00）A.musical foundation .B.intrapersonal foundation .C.linguistic foundation .D.biological foundation .第三篇 The Workers Role in Management Traditionally, it has been the workers role to work and managements role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firms operations with little thought of consulting the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled(被迫的) to obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most
