1、职称英语综合类 B 级真题 2012 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、第 1 部分:词汇选项（第 1?15 题, 每题(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy. （分数：1.00）A.watchedB.gatheredC.shoutedD.walked2.Most babies can take in a wide range of food easily. （分数：1.00）A.bringB.keepC.digestD.serve3.What puzzles m
2、e is why his books are so popular. （分数：1.00）A.confusesB.shocksC.influencesD.concerns4.I think 7 a drink is a bit steep, dont you? （分数：1.00）A.tightB.highC.lowD.cheap5.Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded. （分数：1.00）A.offerB.provideC.fundD.modernize6. The weather was crisp and clea
3、r and you could see the mountains fifty miles away. （分数：1.00）A.hotB.heavyC.freshD.windy7.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks. （分数：1.00）A.bigB.longC.newD.empty8.Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted “Joe, Joe, Joe.” （分数：1.00）A.jumpedB.maintainedC.repeatedD.approached9.All the flats in
4、the building had the same layout. （分数：1.00）A.arrangementB.colorC.sizeD.function10.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous. （分数：1.00）A.slightlyB.partlyC.faintlyD.completely11. The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious. （分数：1.00）A.needB.hateC.loveD.pity12.Do we have to wear these
5、name tags? （分数：1.00）A.listsB.formsC.labelsD.codes13. He inspired many young people to take up the sport. （分数：1.00）A.allowedB.calledC.advisedD.encouraged14. The city center was wiped out by the bomb. （分数：1.00）A.destroyedB.coveredC.reducedD.moved15.The storm caused severe damage. （分数：1.00）A.physicalB.
6、accidentalC.environmentalD.serious二、第二部分：阅读判断（第 1622 题，每题(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Brotherly Love Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century. Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes, Muhammad Ali, h
7、ip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world. But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany. Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker. They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in
8、. Rudolph always said, “You cannot play sports wearing shoes that youd walk around town with. ” So they started making their own. In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes (IP , produced on the Dasslers kitchen table. On 1st July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Broth
9、ers Ltd and they worked together for many years. The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germanys athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games. But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family members have suggested that the argument was about money
10、or women. The result was that Adolph left the company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas. Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too. At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he cal
11、led it Puma, after the wild cat. The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since. After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years. Both companies were for many years the market leade
12、rs, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called “My Adidas” and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok, another big sports shoe company. The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixty years a
13、go, the town has been split into two. Even now, some Adidas employees and Puma employees dont talk to each other. （分数：7.00）(1).Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The brothers father was a ball maker. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not
14、mentioned(3).The brothers make shoes at home. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The brothers argued about the shoes. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Nike makes more shoe
15、s than Adidas. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).People in town have forgotten their argument. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第 233(总题数：2，分数：8.00)How Technology Pushes Down Price 1. Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production and dis
16、tribution technology. Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances. People who predicted that the world would run out of food were wrong. We are producing more and more food with less and less capital. Food is therefore more plentiful and cheaper than it has ever been. Spending on food compa
17、red with other goods has fallen for many years, and continues to drop. 2. Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale. Like any big business, they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient. And their size allows them to buy in bulk. As supermarkets get bigger, the
18、 prices get lower. 3. Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can put pressure on producers to cut their margins. As a result, some producers have had to make cuts. In recent years, Unilever has cut its workforce by 33, 000 to 245, 000 and dropped lots of its minor bran
19、ds as part of its “path to growth” strategy. Cadbury has shut nearly 20 percent of its 133 factories and cut 10 percent of its 55, 000 global workforce. These cuts help keep costs down, and the price of food stays low. 4. Does cheap food make people unhealthy? Cheap food may encourage people to eat
20、more. Good companies certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them buy more. Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a better deal. That is why portions have got larger and larger. In America, soft drinks came in 8oz (225g) cans in the
21、 past, then 12oz (350g), and now come in 20oz (550g) cans. If a company can sell you an 8oz portion for $7, they can sell you a 12oz portion for $ 8. The only extra cost to the company is the food, which probably costs 25 cents. 5. Now companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for
22、 less money. But it is hard to change the trend. A. Huge retailers force producers to cunt costs B. Consumers like supermarkets C. Technology helps reduce food prices D. Food comes cheaper in larger portions E. Chain stores provide better service F. Bigger supermarkets offer lower prices （分数：4.00）(1
23、).Paragraph 2_ （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Paragraph 3_ （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(3).Paragraph 4_ （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Paragraph 5_ （分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.A. their workforce B. huge portions C. large quantities D. their money E. a good barging F. minor brands （分数：4.00）(1).Big supermarkets can offer food
24、at lower prices because they can buy in_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(2).Some food producers have reduced_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(3).Besides cutting its workforce, Unilever also abandoned its_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.(4).Buyers like bigger portion because they think they have got_（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.F.四、第四部分：阅读理解（
25、第 3145 题，每题(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 Oseola McCarty Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something
26、 quite exceptional about this woman. In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150, 000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as
27、a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save. She led a simple, frugal existence, never spending on anything but her most basic needs. Her bank also advised her on investing her hard-earned savings. When she retired, she decided that she wante
28、d to use the money to give children of limited means the opportunity to go to university. She had wanted to become a nurse, but had to leave school to look after ill relatives and work. When asked why she had given her life savings away, she replied, “Im giving it away so that children wont have to
29、work so hard, like I did. ” After news of her donation hit the media, over 600 donations were made to the scholarship fund. One was given by media executive, Ted Turner, who reputedly gave a billion dollars. She didnt want any fuss made over her gift, but the news got out and she was invited all ove
30、r the United States to talk to people. Wherever she went, people would come up to her to say a few words or to just touch her. She met the ordinary and the famous, President Clinton included. In the last few years of her life, before she died of cancer, McCarty was given over 300 awards: she was hon
31、ored by the United Nations and received the Presidential Citizens Medal. Despite having no real education, she found herself with two honorary doctorates: one from the University of Southern Mississippi and the other from Harvard University. Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and proo
32、f that true selflessness does exist. （分数：15.00）(1).This woman shocked and inspired the world because_. （分数：3.00）A.she had managed to save so much moneyB.she gave her money to African AmericansC.she gave her life savings to help others through universityD.she only spent money on cheap things(2).She m
33、anaged to save so much money because _. （分数：3.00）A.she had ironed and washed clothes all her lifeB.she had worked hard, saved hard and invested carefullyC.she had opened a good bank accountD.she knew how to make money(3).She gave her money away because _. （分数：3.00）A.she wanted to help the university
34、B.she wanted others to have the chance to become nursesC.she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard lifeD.she want to be remembered after her death(4).When her generosity was made _ （分数：3.00）A.people donated billionsB.hundreds of students got scholarshipsC.hundreds of people put mone
35、y into the fundD.she was sent to university(5).Marcartys generosity indicates clearly that_ . （分数：3.00）A.scholarship funds are popular in USB.kind-hearted people deserves doctoratesC.selflessness exists in human societyD.poor people can donate as much as rich people第二篇 From Ponzi to Madoff The year
36、was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The mans name was Charles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account. Instead, they should give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. For example, a savings account might pay you
37、$ 5 a year for every $ 100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $ 40 a year for every $ 100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi. How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him
38、: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $ 250 million. This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didnt think anything was wrong. Ponzi paid them every month,
39、 just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working for two years. Then one day, he didnt have enough money to pay all the people. They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud. Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff. People said
40、 he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $ 170 billion. However, no one investigated what he did with the money. The peop
41、le who gave Madoff their money also didnt think anything was wrong because he paid them every month. One day, Madoff didnt have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay. Thats when people discovered how Madoff worked; He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way
42、Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions. Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him. He didnt have to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him to 150 years in prison. Ber
43、nard Madoffs crime was even bigger than Ponzis. It was the biggest fraud in history. The lesson of this story is clear; When something seems too good to be true, it probably is! （分数：15.00）(1).For every $ 100 Ponzi promises to pay people _. （分数：3.00）A.$ 5 a yearB.$ 40 a yearC.$ 20 a yearD.$ 100 a yea
44、r(2).What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him? （分数：3.00）A.He spent it all on things for himself.B.He used some of it to pay other people.C.He deposited it all in a bank.D.He kept it all to save for a good plan.(3).What was Ponzis crime? （分数：3.00）A.He kept a lot of other peoples money for him
45、self.B.He robbed the banks of millions of dollars.C.He gave people more than bank allowed.D.He didnt pay people the interests.(4).How long did Madoffs trick lasts? （分数：3.00）A.Four years.B.Forty years.C.Nine years.D.Ninety years.(5).Why didnt Madoff have to go on trial? （分数：3.00）A.He admitted he was
46、guilty.B.The officials couldnt find any evidence against him.C.He had friends in government who helped him.D.He returned all illegal money.第三篇 Gross National Happiness In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes
47、. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist ($ Change is Needed in Youth Sports Everywhere you look, you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet And these kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries, childr
48、en can compete on basketball, baseball, and volleyball teams starting at age nine._ (46) And swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four, to prepare children for competition. Its true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national
49、 Olympic teams. _ (47) This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects. Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport. Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it. _ (48) But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport-for fun. Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive parents and coaches. Children are
