1、职称英语综合类 B 级真题 2004 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项 (第 l15 题，每(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1. Have you talked to her lately ? （分数：1.00）A.lastlyB.finallyC.shortlyD.recently2.While we dont agree，we continue to be friends. （分数：1.00）A.BecauseB.WhereC.AlthoughD.Whatever3.In judging our work you should take
2、into consideration the fact that we have been Very busy recently （分数：1.00）A.thoughtB.accountC.mindD.brain4. You must shine your shoes （分数：1.00）A.polishB.clearC.washD.mend5. The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accident? （分数：1.00）A.secretsB.detailsC.benefitsD.words6.Im content with the
3、 way the campaign has gone. （分数：1.00）A.tiedB.satisfiedC.filledD.concerned7.This table is strong and durable （分数：1.00）A.long-lastingB.extensiveC.far reachingD.eternal8. He endured agonies before he finally expired （分数：1.00）A.firedB.resignedC.diedD.retreated9.The girl is gazing at herself in the mirro
4、r. （分数：1.00）A.staringB.laughingC.shoutingD.smiling10.For urban areas this approach was wholly inadequate （分数：1.00）A.reallyB.basicallyC.fundamentallyD.completely11.Mary has blended the ingredients （分数：1.00）A.mixedB.madeC.cookedD.eaten12.They agreed to modify their policy （分数：1.00）A.clarifyB.changeC.d
5、efineD.develop13.The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in September （分数：1.00）A.playB.sendC.showD.tell14.A notably short man，he plays basketball with his staff sever al times a week （分数：1.00）A.practicallyB.considerablyC.remarkablyD.fairly15.The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth
6、. （分数：1.00）A.take outB.repairC.push inD.dig二、第 2 部分：阅读判断 (第 1622 题，(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Help Your Child Become a Reader Encouraging early reading skills Call build a path to a lifelong(终身的)love of reading and can help your child get a head start in schoolWhile reading to your child is still the most impor
7、tant thing you can do to build reading skills，there are many techniques that Can help Make reading funPlay games with your child as you readMany traditional childrens games can be adapted to encourage reading ski11s While reading or during play, tell your child，“I spy with my little eye，something th
8、at begins with the letter b”Help the child find something on the page or in the room that begins with that letterFor example。I see a barn”This can also be used to teach beginning letter sounds“I spy with my little eyeSomething that begins with the sounds”Help the child find a word that begins with t
9、he “s” soundIn this variation on the popular game, instruct the child that，“Simon says，point to something that starts with the letter n”The child call then find an object in the room or a body part，such as the nose，that starts with the letter presentedThis can also be used to teach beginning sounds
10、Make a game out of rhyming(押韵)words by making up silly words to rhyme with the childs name or favorite toysThis sets the stage for rhyming real words by showing the child the similarities of soundsAs the child masters making up the words，begin rhyming real words to one another. Tips to raise a succe
11、ssful reader： Put books in places where the child playsIf books are easily accessible，children are more likely to pick them up Let children “read to you” by looking at picturesMaking up stories to go along with illustrations helps children discover how words relate to pictures Take books along on tr
12、ips or even short visits to the doctors office or grocery store Have children help you shopReading grocery lists and looking for specific items helps build sight vocabulary （分数：7.00）(1). A good reading habit Can help your child do well at sch001 （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Computer gam
13、es call be used to help children develop their reading skills （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).One of the useful games is to play spy （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).When playing a game you should ask your child to find something starting with the letter b instead Of C （分数：1.00）A.
14、RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The purpose of the rhyming games is to make preparations for children to write poems （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).You Can ask your child to tell stories based on pictures （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).You should take books with you when you go
15、out with your child. （分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第 23(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Global Warming l Smoke is clouding Our view of global warming, protecting the planet from perhaps three-quarters of the greenhouse(温室)effectThat might sound like good news，but experts say that as the co
16、ver diminishes in coming decades，we are facing a dramatic increase of warming that could be two or even three times as great as official best guesses 2 This was the dramatic conclusion reached last week at a workshop in Dahlem，Berlin, where top atmospheric scientists got together, including Nobel pr
17、ize winner Paul Crutzen and Swedish scientist Bert Bolin，former chairman of the UNS Intergovemmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 3 IPCC scientists have suspected for a decade that aerosols(浮质)of smoke and other particles from burning rainforest，crop waste and fossil fuels are blocking sunlight an
18、d counteracting the warming effect of carbon dioxide(二氧化物)emissionsUntil now，they reckoned that aerosols reduced greenhouse warming by perhaps a quarter, cutting increases by 02。CSo the 06。C of warming over the past century would have been 08。C without aerosols 4 But the Berlin workshop concluded th
19、at the real figure is even higher-aerosols may have reduced global warming by as much as threequarters，cutting increases by 18。CIf SO，the good news is that aerosols have prevented the world getting almost two degrees warmer than it is nowBut the bad news is that the climate system is much more sensi
20、tive to greenhouse gases than previously guessed 5 As those gases are expected to continue accumulating in the atmosphere while aerosols stabilize or fall, that means“dramatic consequences for estimates of future climate change”，the scientists agreed in a draft report from the workshop 23 Paragraph
21、2 _ . 24 Paragraph 3 _ . 25 Paragraph 4 _ . 26 Paragraph 5 _ . A Atmospheric Scientists B The Calculations Made at the Berlin Workshop C The Previous Calculations of the Effect of Aerosols D The ScientistsAgreement E The Authoritative Conclusion F Greenhouse Gases （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.
22、A.B.C.D.27 When the cover diminishes in the coming decades，temperature _ . 28 The conclusion reached at the Berlin workshop _ . 29 The Berlin workshop concluded that the real figure _ . 30 The increase of greenhouse gases _ . A will influence future climate change B was somewhat surprising C will ri
23、se rapidly D was known to US all E was much higher than had been expected F will drop dramatically （分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.E.A.B.C.D.四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(第 3145 题，每题(总题数：3，分数：45.00)第一篇 Sleepless at Night It was a normal summer nightHumidity(湿气)hung in the thick air I couldnt go to sleep，partly bec
24、ause of my cold and partly because of my expectations for the next dayMy mum had said that tomorrow was going to be a surprise Sweat stuck to my aching bodyFinally, gathered enough strength to sit upI looked out of my small window into the nightThere was a big bright moon hanging in the sky, giving
25、off a magic light I couldnt stand the pressure anymore，SO I did what I always do to make myself feel betterI went to the bathroom and picked up my toothbrush and toothpasteI cleaned my teeth as if there was no tomorrowBack and forth，up and down Then I walked downstairs to look for some signs of move
26、ment，some lifeGladiator, my cat, frightened me as he meowed(喵喵地唱出)his sad songHe was on t11e old orange couch(长沙发)，sitting up on his front legs，waiting for something to happenHe looked at me as if to say I“Im lonely, pet meI need a good hug(紧抱)”Even the couch begged me to sit on it In one movement I
27、 settled down onto the soft couchThis couch represented my parentsmarriage，my birth，and hundreds of other little events As I held Gladiator, my heart started beating heavilyMy mind was flooded with questions：Whats life? Am I really alive? Are you listening to me? Every time I moved my hand down Glad
28、iators body，I had a new thought；each touch sang a different song I forgot all about the heat and the next days surpriseThe atmosphere was SO full of warmth and silence that I sank into its almsFalling asleep with the big cat in my arms，I felt all my worries slowly move away （分数：15.00）(1). The author
29、 of the passage could not go to sleep partly because （分数：3.00）A.it was too coldB.it was too dryC.he had a coldD.he had a fever(2).What was the weather like that night? （分数：3.00）A.It was chillyB.It was windyC.It was fineD.It was cloudy(3).The author brushed his teeth over and over （分数：3.00）A.to relie
30、ve himself of the pressureB.to ease his toothacheC.to shake off the coldD.to remove the dirt(4).Gladiator was the name of （分数：3.00）A.a movieB.a petC.a couchD.a song(5). What did thecouchrepresent? （分数：3.00）A.A new thoughtB.Different songsC.A comfortable lifeD.Happy memories第二篇 Ancient Egypt Brought
31、Down by Famine Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid(金字塔)builders were powerless in the face of the famine(饥荒)that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 BCNow evidence collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ult
32、imately to blame-and the same or worse could happen today The ancient Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their cropsBut any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons(季风)southwards out of Ethiopia would have reduced these floods Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlan
33、ds would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the soilW1len rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt，along with sediment(沉积)from the White Nile Blue Nile mud has a different isotope(同位素)signature from that of the white NileSo by analyzing isotope dif
34、ferences in mud deposited in the Nile DeltaMichael Krom of LeedsUniversity worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river Krom reasons that during periods of drought，the amount of Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively highHe found that one of these periods，from 45
35、00 to 4200 years ago。immediately came before the fall of the Egypts old Kingdom The weakened waters would have been disaster for the EgyptiansChanges that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a ripple(波浪)effect in societies，”says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in
36、New York Similar events today could be even more devastating，says team member Daniel Stanleyascientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC“Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dr
37、amatically” （分数：15.00）(1).Why does the author mention “Egypts mighty pyramid builders? （分数：3.00）A.Because they once worked miraclesB.Because they were wellbuiltC.Because they were actually very weakD.Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization(2).Which of the following factors was ult
38、imately responsible for bringing down thecivilization of ancient Egypt? （分数：3.00）A.Change of climateB.CorrulptionC.floodD.Population growth(3).which of the following statements is true? （分数：3.00）A.The White Nile is the trunk of the River NileB.The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue NileC.The White
39、Nile is a branch of the Blue NileD.The White Nile is a branch of the River Nile(4).According to Krom，the Egypts o1d Kingdom fell （分数：3.00）A.immediately after a period of droughtB.immediately after a period of floodC.just before a drought struckD.just before a flood struck(5). The word “devastating”
40、in the last paragraph could be best replaced by （分数：3.00）A.“frustratingB.“damagingC.“defeating”D.“worrying第三篇 Technology Transfer in Germany When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success，few nations can match GermanySince the 1940s，the nations vast industrial base has been fed
41、with a constant stream of new ideas and expertise from scienceAnd though German prosperity(繁荣)has faltered(衰退)over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east and west as well as the global economic decline，it still has an enviable(令人羡慕的)record for turning ideas into profit Much of the
42、 reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society, a network of research institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies?But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competitionUniversities are taking an ever larger role in technology transfer，and technol
43、ogy parks are springing up all overThese efforts are being complemented by the federal programs for pumping money into start-up companies. Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success，but it is not without its critics. These people worry that favoring applied research will mean negle
44、cting basic science， eventually starving industry of flesh ideasIf every scientist starts thinking like an entrepreneur(企业家)，the argument goes，then the traditional principles of university research being curiositydriven：free and widely available will sufferOthers claim that many of the programs to p
45、romote technology transfer are a waste of money because half the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years. While this debate continues，new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germanys research networks，which bear famous names such as Helmholtz，Max Planck and Leibni
46、zYet it is the fourth network，the Fraunhofer Society，that plays the greatest role in technology transfer Founded in 1949, the Fraunhofer Society is now EuropeS largest organization for applied technology，and has 59 institutes employing 1 2，000 peopleIt continues to growLast yearit swallowed up the H
47、einrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in BerlinToday, there are even Fraunhofers in the US and Asia （分数：15.00）(1).What factor Can be attributed to German prosperity? （分数：3.00）A.Technology transferB.Good managementC.Hard workD.Fierce competition(2).Which of the following is NOT true of
48、 traditional university research? （分数：3.00）A.It is freeB.It is profit-drivenC.It is widely availableD.It is curiositydriven(3).The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organization for applied technology in （分数：3.00）A.AsiaB.USAC.EuropeD.Africa(4).When was the Fraunhofer Society founded? （分数：3.00）A.In 1940B.Last yearC.After the unificationD.In 1949(5).The word“expertisein line 3 could be best replaced by （分数：3.00）A.“experts”B.“scientists”C.“scholars”D.“special knowledge”五、第 5 部分：补全短文 (第 4650 题，(总题数：1，分数：10.00)You Need Courage! Shortly after I began a care
