1、职称英语综合类 B 级模拟 73 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Although the working mother is very busy, she still devotes a lot of time to her children.（分数：1.00）A.dedicatesB.spendsC.offersD.provides2.Our arrangements were thrown into complete turmoil .（分数：1.00）A.reliefB.doubtC.confusio
2、nD.failure3.Can yon make a sentence to bring out the meaning of the phrase?（分数：1.00）A.show offB.turn outC.set forthD.take in4.They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means.（分数：1.00）A.solveB.determineC.untieD.complete5.It is wrong for someone in such a high position in the government to behave
3、too badly in public.（分数：1.00）A.situationB.standingC.employmentD.profession6.John says that his present job does not provide him with enough scope for his organizing ability.（分数：1.00）A.opportunityB.spaceC.capacityD.range7.It“s a gorgeous day anyway.（分数：1.00）A.lovelyB.coldC.normalD.rainy8.His claims s
4、eem credible to many people.（分数：1.00）A.workableB.convincingC.practicalD.reliable9.She was unwilling to go but she had no choice（分数：1.00）A.unableB.indecisiveC.readyD.reluctant10.The rocks are very big with bands of colors on them.（分数：1.00）A.stripesB.marksC.railsD.shapes11.Society is now much more div
5、erse than ever before.（分数：1.00）A.colorfulB.attractiveC.flexibleD.varied12.I“m afraid this painting is not by Picasso. It“s only a copy and so it“s worthless .（分数：1.00）A.pricelessB.invaluableC.unworthyD.valueless13.She is slender , with delicate wrists and ankles.（分数：1.00）A.sickB.weakC.slimD.pale14.W
6、e all knew from the very outset that the plan would fail.（分数：1.00）A.outcomeB.beginningC.incomeD.output15.The new secretary has written a remarkably concise report only in a few pages but with all the details.（分数：1.00）A.briefB.clearC.preciseD.elaborate二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Studies Show U.S. Spe
7、nding Doesn“t Get Best Health The United States may spend twice as much on health care as other rich countries but it is not getting results to match, according to studies released on Tuesday. But in the study of five wealthy countries, published in the journal Health Affairs , researchers found no
8、single nation had clearly the worst or best health care system. Gerard Anderson at Johns Hopkins University“s school of public health and colleagues came up with a list of 21 health fields they could evenly compare across the five countries Australia, Canada, Britain, New Zealand and the United Stat
9、es. “None of the five countries is consistently the best or the worst on all 21 indicators,“ Anderson said during a telephone briefing for reporters. “If you are looking for the place to get the best care, there isn“t a single place. Every country has at least one indicator where it scores the best
10、of the five countries and each country has at least one indicator where it scores the worst of the five countries.“ “But,“ he said, “the United States is not getting value for money. The United States should be particularly concerned about these results, given that we spend twice as much on health c
11、are as any other country. So spending more doesn“t necessarily result in better out comes.“ Anderson“s group of international health experts sponsored by The Commonwealth Fund spent five years working on the study, getting the latest possible data from the five countries on areas such as breast canc
12、er and leukemia survival, suicide rates, death rates from asthma, vaccination rates and cancer screening.（分数：7.00）(1).The U.S. spends twice as much on health care as other rich countries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(2).The U.S. is the place where people get the best health care.（分数：1.00）A.
13、RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(3).Each year, the U.S. spends more money on health care than the previous one.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(4).The more a country spends on health care, the better care its people enjoy.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(5).The study involved 5 countries and
14、lasted 5 years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(6).The other four countries provide better health care than the U. S.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned(7).The U.S. is determined to do something about its health care system.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not Mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8
15、.00)How to Learn Language Successfully1. Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language
16、 learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them. 2. First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or th
17、e teacher; they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to lear
18、n from mistakes. 3. Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try any
19、thing to communicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language th
20、an to know the meaning of every word. 4. Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these peopl
21、e and to learn from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it. 5. What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, i
22、f your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above. A. Ways to Learn a Language Successfully B. Learning a Language Purposefully C. Learning a Language Actively D. Learning a Language Independently E. Learning from Mistakes F. Learning
23、 to Think in the Target Language（分数：8.00）(1).Paragragh 1 1（分数：1.00）(2).Paragragh 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragragh 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragragh 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).A. to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules B. to expand vocabulary C. to use the target language D. to encourage unsuccessful language lear
24、ners to learn independently, actively and purposefully E. from clues F. to say strange things Successful language learners derive conclusions 1.（分数：1.00）(6).Independent language learners rely on themselves 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Active language learners seize every opportunity 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The author wrot
25、e this text 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)ZooHow could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environmentsmostly for entertainment purposes is fair and respectful? Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain “colle
26、ctions“ of interesting “things“ rather than protective habitats (栖息地). Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes. Zoos claim (声称)to educate people and save endangered species(物种), but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything me
27、aningful about the animals“ natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species“ name, diet, and natural range (分布区). The animals“ normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don“t usually take care of the animals“ natural
28、 needs. The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis. A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages
29、. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain. Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding(圈养繁殖) of en
30、dangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven“t
31、 we seen enough competitions to name baby animals? Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals“ natural habitats.（分数：15.00）(1).How would the
32、author describe the animals“ life in zoos?（分数：3.00）A.Dangerous.B.Unhappy.C.Natural.D.Easy.(2).In the state of zoochosis, animals _.（分数：3.00）A.remain in cagesB.behave strangelyC.attack other animalsD.enjoy moving around(3).What does the author try to argue in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Zoos are not worth
33、 the public support.B.Zoos fail in their attempt to save animals.C.Zoos should treat animals as human beings.D.Zoos use animals as a means of entertainment.(4).The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument mainly by _.（分数：3.00）A.pointing out the faults in what zoos doB.using evidence h
34、e has collected at zoosC.questioning the way animals are protectedD.discussing the advantages of natural habitats(5).Although he argues against zoos, the author would still agree that _.（分数：3.00）A.zoos have to keep animals in small cagesB.most animals in zoos are endangered speciesC.some endangered
35、animals are reproduced in zoosD.it“s acceptable to keep animals away from their habitats六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame FriendsObesity can spread from person to person, much like a virus, researchers are reporting today. When one person gains weight, close friends tend to gai
36、n weight, too. Their study, published in The New England Journal of Medicine , involved a detailed analysis of a large social network of 12,067 people who had been closely followed for 32 years, from 1971 to 2003. The investigators knew who was friends with whom as well as who was a spouse or siblin
37、g or neighbor, and they knew how much each person weighed at various times over three decades. That let them reconstruct what happened over the years as individuals became obese. Did their friends also become obese? Did family members? Or neighbors? The answer, the researchers report, was that peopl
38、e were most likely to become obese when a friend became obese. That increased a person“s chances of becoming obese by 57 percent. There was no effect when a neighbor gained or lost weight, however, and family members had less influence than friends. It did not even matter if the friend was hundreds
39、of miles away, the influence remained. And the greatest influence of all was between close mutual friends. There, if one became obese, the other had a 17 percent increased chance of becoming obese, too. The same effect seemed to occur for weight loss, the investigators say. But since most people wer
40、e gaining, not losing, over the 32 years, the result was, on average, that people grew fatter. Dr. Nicholas A. Christakis, a physician and professor of medical sociology at Harvard Medical School and a principal investigator in the new study, said one explanation was that friends affected each other
41、s“ perception of fatness. When a close friend becomes obese, obesity may not look so bad. “You change your idea of what is an acceptable body type by looking at the people around you.“ Dr. Christakis said. The investigators say their findings can help explain why Americans have become fatter in rece
42、nt yearseach person who became obese was likely to drag along some friends. Their analysis was unique, Dr. Christakis said, because it moved beyond a simple analysis of one person and his or her social contacts and instead examined an entire social network at once, looking at how a person“s friend“s
43、 friends, or a spouse“s sibling“s friends, could have an influence on a person“s weight. The effects, he said, “highlight the importance of a spreading process, a kind of social contagion that spreads through the network.“ Of course, the investigators say, social networks are not the only factors th
44、at affect body weight. There is a strong genetic component at work, too. Science has shown that individuals have genetically determined ranges of weights, spanning perhaps 30 or so pounds for each person. But that leaves a large role for the environment in determining whether a person“s weight is ne
45、ar the top of his or her range or near the bottom. As people have gotten fatter, it appears that many are edging toward the top of their ranges. The question has been why. If the new research is correct, it may say that something in the environment seeded what some call an obesity epidemic, making a
46、 few people gain weight. Then social networks let the obesity spread rapidly.（分数：15.00）(1).Who had the greatest influence on people who became obese?（分数：3.00）A.Their friends.B.Their neighbors.C.Their family members.D.Their colleagues(2).Which of the following statement about a friend“s influence is
47、false according to the report?（分数：3.00）A.Friends had more influence than family members on people who became obese.B.Even if the friend lives far away, the influence still remained.C.People were not likely to lose weight when they have skinny friends.D.The greatest influence of all was between close
48、 mutual friends.(3).According to Dr. Nicholas A. Christakis, what is the explanation for friends being the greatest influence?（分数：3.00）A.Friends usually spend a lot of time together.B.Friends share similar eating habits.C.Friends are more important than family members.D.Friends affected each others“
49、 feelings of fatness.(4).Which factor of becoming obese is not mentioned in this report?（分数：3.00）A.Social contact.B.Genetic information.C.Life style.D.Environmental influences.(5).In what way is obesity contagious and epidemic?（分数：3.00）A.Social networks let the obesity spread rapidly.B.Individuals have genetically determined ranges of weights.C.Obesity can easily spread from one to another without any physical contact.D.Obesity can spread rapidly and extensively by infection and affecting many individuals in an area or a population at the same time.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Find Be
