1、职称英语综合类 B 级-7 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.After making observations for a week in the plant, the industrial engineer made a number of very constructive suggestions in an oral report to the manager.（分数：1.00）A.carefulB.cautiousC.deservedD.helpful2.The proud young man
2、values himself on his ability in handling difficult issues.（分数：1.00）A.pridesB.purchasedC.meritedD.defected3.When four banks failed in one day, there was a(n) panic among businessmen.（分数：1.00）A.commotionB.excitementC.scareD.depression4.Moving pictures present spectacular scenes like battles, processi
3、ons, storms or races.（分数：1.00）A.delightfulB.splendidC.appreciableD.promising5.Well visit Europe next year provided we have enough money.（分数：1.00）A.lestB.untilC.unlessD.if6.Then the speaker Utalked about/U the various factors leading to the present economic crisis. A. went after B, went for C. went i
4、nto D. went on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Usually there is a substantial increase in the amount of mail during the Christmas season.（分数：1.00）A.subsequentB.subtleC.largeD.superficial8.Her interest in redecorating the big house kept her occupied for a whole week.（分数：1.00）A.constrainedB.dominatedC.restrictedD.b
5、usy9.Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined.（分数：1.00）A.ascendedB.lessenedC.descendedD.slipped10.You always follow your own inclinations instead of thinking of our feelings.（分数：1.00）A.conductsB.profitsC.occupationsD.dispositions11.A gentle breeze appeared just when the heat of the
6、sun became unbearable.（分数：1.00）A.came toB.came throughC.came roundD.came up12.The famous banker has considerable influence with the President of the United States.（分数：1.00）A.very largeB.considerateC.consideringD.considered13.As the old gentleman walked along the avenue, all the children saluted him.
7、（分数：1.00）A.greetedB.trickedC.calledD.followed14.His holdings include a house, a car, stocks, bonds and jewelry.（分数：1.00）A.meansB.landC.possessionsD.funds15.She was so absorbed in her job that she didnt hear anybody knocking at the door.（分数：1.00）A.attractedB.interestedC.drawnD.concentrated二、B第 2 部分：阅
8、读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BWhy do people become too fat/BIt is indeed unfortunate that in our modern era of technologic and scientific achievement, there is no adequate explanation for a seemingly simple question: “why do people become too fat and what can be done to
9、 prevent it?“ about 50 million men and 60 million women between the ages of 18 and 79 are “too fat“ and need to reduce excess weight. This amount to about 377 million kg of excess fat for men and 667 million kg for women, or a total of t044 million kg (2297 million 1b) for the United States adult po
10、pulation! If the overfat men and women dieted by consuming 600 fewer calories each day to reduce to a “normal“ value of body fat (achievable in 68 days for men and 101 days for women), the reduced caloric intake would equal 5.7 trilling calories. Translating this into fossil fuel energy and consider
11、ing such factors as the energy required to plant, cultivate, harvest, feed, process, transport, wholesale, retail, acquire, store and cook the food, the annual energy savings would be equal to that required to supply the residential electric demands of Boston, Chicago, san Francisco and Washington D
12、C, or 13 billion gallons of gasoline to fuel 900,000 autos per year. Until recently, the major cause of obesity was believed to be overeating. However, if gluttony (贪食) and overindulgence were the only factors associated with an increase in body fat, the easiest way to permanently reduce would surel
13、y to be cut back on food. Of course, if it were that simple, obesity would soon be eliminated as a major health problem. There are obviously other factors operative such as genetic, environmental, and social influences. However, these causes probably overlap. It seems fairly certain that the treatme
14、nt procedures devised so far, whether they be diets, surgery, drugs, psychologic methods, or exercise, either alone or in combination, have not been particularly successful in solving the problem on a long-term basis. There is nonetheless, optimism that as researchers continue to investigate the man
15、y facets of. obesity, as well as to test and quantify various treatment modes, significant progress can be made to conquer this major health problem.（分数：7.00）(1).The percentage of the excess fat for women of the total amount of excess fat is roughly 50%.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentio
16、ned(2).Less than 5.7 trillion calories would equal the energy required annually to supply the residential electric demands of Boston, Chicago, San Francisco, and Washington DC.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Indulgence in drinking, the genetic, environmental, social factors and
17、overeating should be considered in evaluating the cause of an overfat person.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Do more physical exercises will help persons to build our bodies.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).The writer finally says there is optimism for the tr
18、eatment of obesity, because significant progress will be made to conquer this major health problem through the researchers efforts.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).People fail to solve the important problem of obesity and weight control in our modern era.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B.
19、Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Only young persons face such a problem that they are too fat.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为规定段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BComputer Security/B
20、1. As the business sector, and indeed all of our society, becomes more dependent on computers, concern about computer security grows. According to Business Week, roughly $1 trillion is transferred every day via computer networks. Yet a knowledgeable person can, with relative ease, access a computer
21、system and cause serious damage. Estimates of the annual cost of computer crime range from $ I billion to $ 2 billion.2. One of the most recent computer problems firms face is called a “computer virus“. A virus is a type of computer program that is intentionally hidden in other computer programs. Wh
22、en a program with a virus comes into contact with other programs, the virus attacks the other programs. Some viruses can destroy every bit of information in a computer. Businesses also fact the problem of losing highly confidential data to computer hackers. These individuals break into computer syst
23、ems and steal information or damage programs.3. Computer viruses and computer hackers present a huge potential risk to firms. They have shut down entire computer systems in some large companies.4. Fortunately, business firms can now obtain insurance coverage for losses from computer crime. Although
24、some policies specifically cover computer viruses, many others were drafted before computer viruses became a problem. These policies generally insure all risks of direct physical loss or damage, unless something is specifically excluded. The issue then becomes whether or not the damage caused by a c
25、omputer virus is a physical loss. In some cases, insurance companies have maintained that information lost on a computer is not physical property and thus is not covered by a traditional all-risk policy.5. Many insurance companies are beginning to use policy language that deals specifically with the
26、 loss of computer information. In this way, the insured understands what is covered, and the insurance company can avoid a large, unexpected loss. Courts have held that information stored on the computer is tangible (切实的) property in tax cases. In property insurance cases, they may handle the destru
27、ction of computer information the same way. Destruction of valuable information, therefore, could result in a catastrophic loss that is covered under an all- risk policy unless there is limiting language.A. Fatalness from viruses and hackersB. Two primary dangerous factors: virus and hackerC. How th
28、e viruses and hackers destroy our computers the loss of computer informationD. Attitudes towardsE. The best way to protect our computersF. The policies about the viruses（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分
29、数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).From this passage, we know that the most important factors in computer security are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).A virus is such a program that it is hidden in other programs and _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).In some cases, insurance companies will compensate the customers all the losses _.（分数：1.
30、00）填空项 1:_(8).Now courts think information stored in the computer is also _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBThinking from a teacher/BAs the fall semester ended, my students had a chance to turn to table
31、s on their teacher. They got to grade me anonymously, assessing the clarity of my thinking, my organizational skills and the depth of my knowledge. At their best, such evaluations keep me alert to what works and what does not. Students reflect my performance back to me, and I am glad to learn what t
32、hey think of my teaching, so that I might try to improve.I am also aware that the students comments become the primary evidence of my abilities, a paper trail following me throughout my career. When I come up for review, the promotion committee will examine my evaluations to determine just what kind
33、 of teacher I am.There is, of course, nothing wrong with accountability. But this system assumes that what students need is the same as what they want. Reading my evaluations every semester has taught me otherwise. Many students expectations for their courses have changed, reflecting, in part, the b
34、usiness model more universities are following. Classes are considered services, and parents are eager to get their moneys worth from their childrens education. Students feel pressure from their parents to derive practical use from their courses.This could make sense for an engineering course, but in
35、 my field, creative writing, which rarely churns out polished 21-year-old writers, it is trickier to provide the results that the career-minded student craves. Then I stumbled upon some dubious teaching techniques, reversed the criticisms of these chronically unhappy students and improved my student
36、 evaluations for the semester. My record would reflect a smart, attentive, encouraging teacher. But I would argue that I taught these students little. They loved me because I agreed that writing should be easy.I know other teachers who have done the same thing: teach your heart out to the teachable
37、but be sure to please the unteachable, to keep your ratings high like a politician trying to improve his poll results.I believe in the struggle, and most students I have met do too. But I still cant help wincing when I read, “The instructor is mean.“ “Marcus is not committed to my work.“ “This class
38、 sucks.“ The business model has taught me that the customer is always right. But maybe a few more dissatisfied customer would mean a better learning experience.（分数：15.00）(1).What does the phrase “turn the tables on their teachers“ in Para. 1 mean?（分数：3.00）A.Students turn the tables to their teachers
39、.B.Students praise their teachers.C.Students evaluate their teachers.D.Students criticize their teachers.(2).Why has the students expectation of their courses changed?（分数：3.00）A.Because the business model has changed.B.Because they want to improve their other abilities.C.Because they feel great pres
40、sure from the society.D.Because they have to satisfy their parents,(3).Why does the author say “classes are considered service“?（分数：3.00）A.Because education is commercial activity.B.Because the parents are anxious to see their feedback of investment on their children.C.Because the students are the s
41、chools God and the teachers must serve the students.D.Because the relationship between the teacher and the students is the businessman and the customer.(4).What kind of teaching method does the author use in his writing class?（分数：3.00）A.Dubious teaching method.B.Encouraging the poor students.C.Prais
42、ing the excellent students.D.Improving the evaluation for the students.(5).What was achieved at the end of the writing class?（分数：3.00）A.The students all learned a lot.B.The students liked his class very much.C.The writing class became an easy course for the students.D.The students sang the teachers
43、praises.五、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)BDeath penalty/BWith the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the united States today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that th
44、e death penalty reduces the number of murders.The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty, basically, is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.In
45、our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who were capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder. But some are more extreme than others.For example, it is one thing to take the life of another
46、 in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of another one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance shoul
47、d be merely isolated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is reinforced by evidence whic
48、h shows that the death penalty deters murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100,000 population, Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed only once, and the murder ra
49、te has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100,000 population. The sharp climb in the states murder rate, which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence. It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed, innocent people will be murderedsom
