1、职称英语综合类 B级-73 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.It is obvious that he will win the game.（分数：1.00）A.likelyB.possibleC.clearD.probable2.The earth moves around the sun.（分数：1.00）A.beforeB.roundC.afterD.over3.Did anyone call when I was out?（分数：1.00）A.everyoneB.someoneC.nobodyD.any
2、body4.It took us a long time to mend the house.（分数：1.00）A.buildB.destroyC.designD.repair5.I don“t quite follow what she is saying.（分数：1.00）A.observeB.understandC.explainD.describe6.We can no longer tolerate his actions.（分数：1.00）A.put up withB.acceptC.takeD.receive7.Loud noises can be irritating .（分数
3、：1.00）A.hatefulB.painfulC.stimulatingD.annoying8.In the background was that eternal hum.（分数：1.00）A.longB.never-endingC.boringD.extensive9.The Constitution“s vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change.（分数：1.00）A.impreciseB.apparentC.clearD.easy10.Gambling is law
4、ful in Nevada.（分数：1.00）A.enjoyableB.irresistibleC.legalD.profitable11.These are the motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.replies12.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west.（分数：1.00）A.extendsB.stretchesC.broadensD.bends13.Many economists have given in to the fatal
5、 lure of mathematics.（分数：1.00）A.errorB.puzzleC.attractionD.contradiction14.With immense relief I stopped running.（分数：1.00）A.noB.littleC.scarceD.enormous15.A great deal has been done to remedy the situation.（分数：1.00）A.maintainB.improveC.preserveD.protect二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)They Say Ireland“s t
6、he BestIreland is the best place in the world to live for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain“s Economist magazine last week. The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satis
7、faction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family and community life“. Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤
8、), gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的), picking up only 3.89 points. “Although r
9、ising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued,“ the report said, “some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown (崩溃) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.“ “Ireland wins because it successfully combines th
10、e most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life.“ The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics. No. 2 on the list is Switze
11、rland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain. The UK is positioned at No.29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capit
12、a GDP (人均国内生产总值) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.（分数：7.00）(1).For 2,005 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Job security is the least important measure of life qu
13、ality.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Ireland is positioned at No. 1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new
14、 with some good elements of the old.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).To measure life quality is easy.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Even Intelligent Pe
15、ople Can Fail1 The strikin9 thing about the innovators who succeeded in making our modern world is how often they failed. Turn on a light, take a photograph, watch TV, search the Web, jet across the Pacific Ocean, talk on a cellphone (手机). The innovators who left us these things had to find the way
16、to success through a maze (错综复杂) of wrong turns. 2 We have just celebrated the 125th anniversary of American innovator Thomas Edison“s success in heating a thin line to white-hot heat for 14 hours in his lab in New Jersey, US. He did that on October 22, 1879, and followed up a month later by keeping
17、 a thread of common cardboard alight (点亮着的) in an airless space for 45 hours. Three years later he went on to light up half a square mile of downtown Manhattan, even though only one of the six power plants in his design worked when he turned it on, on September 4, 1882. 3 “Many of life“s failures,“
18、the supreme innovator said, “are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up.“ Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work. 4 No one likes failure,
19、but the smart innovators learn from it. Mark Gumz, the head of the camera maker Olympus America Inc, attributes some of the company“s successes in technology to understanding failure. His popular phrase is. “You only fail when you quit.“ 5 Over two centuries, the most common quality of the innovator
20、s has been persistence. That is another way of saying they had the emotional ability to keep up what they were doing. Walt Disney, the founder of Disneyland, was so broke after a succession of financial failures that he was left shoeless in his office because he could not afford the US $1.50 to get
21、his shoes from the repair shop. Pioneering car maker Henry Ford failed with one company and was forced out of another before he developed the Model T car. 6 Failure is harder to bear in today“s open, accelerated world. Hardly any innovation works the first time. But an impatient society and the medi
22、a want instant success. When American music and movie master David Geffen had a difficult time, a critic said nastily that the only difference between Geffen Records (Geffen“s company) and the Titanic (the ship that went down) was that the Titanic had better music. Actually, it wasn“t. After four ye
23、ars of losses, Geffen had so many hits (成功的作品) he could afford a ship as big as the Titanic all to himself.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Importance of learning from failure B. Quality shared by most innovators C. Edison“s innovation D. Edison“s comment on failure E. Contributions made by innovators F. Miseries en
24、dured by innovators Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).A. he developed 3,000 theories B. he couldn“t afford to buy a pair of shoes C. he found himself an unsuccessful man D. they quitted E. an innovation should work immediately F.
25、failure is the mother of success People often didn“t realize how close they were to success when 1.（分数：1.00）(6).Before Henry Ford eventually developed the Model T car, 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Walt Disney was once so poor that 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The media demand that 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题
26、数：1，分数：15.00)Two People, Two PathsYou must be familiar with the situation: Dad“s driving, Mum“s telling him where to go. He“s sure that they need to turn left. But she says it“s not for another two blocks. Who has the better sense of direction? Men or women. They both do, a new study says, but in di
27、fferent ways. Men and women, Canadian researchers have found, have different methods of finding their way. Men look quickly at landmarks (地标) and head off in what they think is the right direction. Women, however, try to picture the whole route in detail and then follow the path in their head. “Wome
28、n tend to be more detailed,“ said Edward Cornell, who led the study, “while men tend to be a little bit faster and . a little bit more intuitive (直觉感知的).“ In fact, said Cornell, “sense of direction“ isn“t one skill but two. The first is the “survey method“. This is when you see an area from above, s
29、uch as a printed map. You can see, for example, where the hospital is, where the church is and that the supermarket is on its right. The second skill is the “route method“. This is when you use a series of directions. You start from the hospital, then turn left, turn right, go uphilland then you see
30、 the supermarket. Men are more likely to use the survey method while women are more likely to use one route and follow directions. Both work, and neither is better. Some scientists insist that these different skills have a long history. They argue it is because of the difference in traditional roles
31、. In ancient times, young men often went far away with the older men to fish or hunt. The trip took hours or days and covered unfamiliar places. The only way to know where you were was to use the survey method to remember landmarksthe mountains, the lakes and so on. The women, on the other hand, too
32、k young girls out to find fruits and plants. These activities were much closer to home but required learning well-used paths. So, women“s sense of space was based on learning certain routes.（分数：15.00）(1).When finding his way, Dad tends to rely on（分数：3.00）A.his intuitive knowledge.B.his book knowledg
33、e.C.Mum“s assistance.D.the police“s assistance.(2).Women are more likely to use（分数：3.00）A.the survey method.B.the traditional method.C.the route method.D.the right method.(3).Which works better, the route method or the survey method?（分数：3.00）A.The survey method.B.The route method.C.Either.D.Neither.
34、(4).Which of the following is NOT a landmark?（分数：3.00）A.A long river.B.A high mountain.C.A magnificent church.D.A path in your head.(5).Women developed a sense of space out of the need（分数：3.00）A.to go fishing.B.to go hunting.C.to learn well-used paths.D.to go swimming.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Dancing in
35、 the StreetsIf there is one thing certain to get Brazilians on their feet, it is the Rio Carnival (狂欢节). Held in Rio de Janeiro, the country“s biggest city, the carnival began on February 20 when the mayor gave key of the city to Rei Momothe Lord of Misrule (无序之皇). On his orders, each year people tu
36、rn the city into a paradise of dance and music. The following six days are so full of parades, street dancing, fantastic clothes and partying (聚会) that many people forget about eating and sleeping. “It was the passion of the carnival that attracted me to Brazil and made me settle down in Rio,“ said
37、Bob Nadkarni, a British man who has lived in the city for several years. For many Brazilians, the centrepiece of the carnival is samba (桑巴舞), a typical Brazilian dance. Every year, tens of thousands of visitors and locals show off their passion and energy in the streets, following the beat (节拍) of t
38、he Latin music. The climax to this street party is the float (彩车) parade, in which floats decorated with tons of fresh flowers by various samba schools and local communities move through the city. On the top of each float stands the candidate for the Drum Queen, who is chosen at the end of the party
39、. While most people are free to enjoy the celebrations, Rio“s police officers have to keep a clear head. Following the murder of three officers in a gunfight early last week, the Brazilian Government has tightened security in Rio. The street fighting, robbery and sex crimes that accompany the carniv
40、al are very difficult to police. Carnivals began in ancient Rome as a celebration at which people fed wild wolves, in honour of the city“s founder who was said to have been raised by a she-wolf. Brazil gave new life to this tradition and so, despite the troubles, the carnival will remain a symbol of
41、 the country“s culture.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, during the Carnival people in Rio did all of the following EXCEPT（分数：3.00）A.dancing in the streets.B.putting on colorful clothes.C.eating a lot of food.D.holding exciting parades.(2).How long does the carnival last?（分数：3.00）A.Six days.B.
42、A whole week.C.Eight days.D.The whole of February.(3).The word “centerpiece“ in the 3rd paragraph means（分数：3.00）A.the most important part.B.the middle part.C.the central part of the city.D.the most attractive decoration.(4).According to the passage, Bob Nadkarni is（分数：3.00）A.a Brazilian who has come
43、 back from Britain.B.a British man who visits Rio for the carnival.C.a British man who has come to live in Brazil.D.a Brazilian who is attracted by the carnival.(5).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?（分数：3.00）A.The earliest carnivals were held in ancient Rome.B.Carnivals were originally
44、a tradition of the Brazilians.C.Carnivals were originally a tradition of the Romans.D.The Brazilians have integrated the Roman carnival into their culture.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)More Than a Ride to SchoolThe National Education Association claims, “The school bus is a mirror of the community.“ They fur
45、ther add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior (外部) does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are right, and sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl. Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Al
46、thouse Bus Company has been Liesl“s bus driver since kindergarten. Last year when Liesl“s family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residence, she requested to ride the same bus. This year Liesl is a senior and will enjoy her last year riding the bus. She says, “It“s been a great r
47、ide so far! My bus driver is so cool and has always been a good friend and a good listener. Sometimes when you“re a child adults do not think that what you have to say is important. Mr. Hardy always listens to what you have to say and makes you feel important.“ Her friends Ashley Batista and Amanda
48、Wolfe agree. Bruce Hardy has been making Octorara students feel special since 1975. This year he will celebrate 30 years working for Althouse Bus Transportation. Company President, Larry Althouse acknowledges Bruce Hardy“s outstanding record. “You do not come by employees like Bruce these days; he h
49、as never missed a day of work and has a perfect driving record. Recognized in 2000 by the Pennsylvania School Bus Association for driving 350,000 accident free miles, Hardy“s reputation is made further evident through the relationships he has made with the students that ride his bus.“ Althouse further added, “Althouse Bus Transportation was established 70 years ago and has been providing quality transportation ever since. My grandfather started the business with one bus. Althouse Bus Transportation is delighted to have the opportunity to bring distinctive and safe service to our local schoo
