1、职称英语综合类 B 级-61 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.She eventually married the most persistent one of her admirers.A. in a way B. in due course C. in the end D. in any case（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Five minutes left, the outcome of the match was still in doubt.A. result B. judgment C.
2、 decision D. event（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The reporter was accused of unprofessional conduct.A. movement B. words C. principle D. behavior（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.He made a considerable sum of money in real estate.A. large B. positive C. powerful D. realistic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.A crowd gathered to see what had
3、happened.A. collected B. fixed C. divided D. assist（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.If I made a mistake, I will try to remedy it.A. clarify B. diagnose C. evaporate D. correct（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.We derive information mainly from the Internet.A. deprive B. obtain C. descend D. trace（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.His sole motiv
4、e was to make her happy.A. aim B. argument C. capability D. pursuit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.He could not tolerate the extremes of heat in the desert.A. bear B. hate C. like D. criticize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.These factors interact intimately and cannot be separated.A. tensely B. nearly C. carefully D. closel
5、y（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.You should soon regain your appetite.A. keep B. lose C. recover D. get（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The eternal motion of the stars fascinated him.A. long B. never-ending C. boring D. extensive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.That is a sign of its immense potential.A. natural B. fatal C. tiny D. enorm
6、ous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The book made a great impact on its readers.A. force B. influence C. surprise D. power（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Accompanied by cheerful music, we began to dance.A. pleasant B. colorful C. fashionable D. different（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Cold PlacesThe Arctic
7、is a polar region. It surrounds the North Pole.Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow. Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading125 Fahrenheit below zero. Readings of 85 degrees below zero are common in both the Arctic and Antarctica. Winter temperatures average 30 deg
8、rees below zero in the Arctic. At the South Pole the winter is about 73 degrees below zero.One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic. This one thing is the low temperaturethe killing chill of the far North and the polar South.To survive, men
9、must wear the warmest possible clothing. They must build windproof shelters. They must keep heaters going at all times. Not even for moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperature.Men have a way of providing for themselves. Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs. T
10、he cold makes life difficult. But the explorers can stay alive.What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and the Antarctica? Yes, we do. There is life in the oceans. There is life on land.Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place indeed. But this has n
11、ot always been the case. Expedition scientists have discovered that Antarctica may have been much like our own.Explores have discovered coal in Antarctica. This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests. Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the fores
12、ts alive.（分数：7.00）(1).The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below zero in Antarctica.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).The Arctic and Antarctica are no m
13、ans lands because of their notorious coldness.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).Polar explorers can stay alive without heaters and windproof shelters.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Despite the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the o
14、ceans and on land in polar areas.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so wa
15、rm and damp that trees grew there.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Is There a Way to Keep the Britains Economy Growing1. In todays knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germans export engineer
16、ing techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.2. Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesnt manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk and more talk. The World Foundation think t
17、ank says the UKs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, theyre hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.3. Although the countrys trade def
18、icit was more than 60 billion in 2006, UKs largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades servicesaccountancy, insurance, ba
19、nking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock n roll is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-ed
20、ge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.4. However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UKs exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, according to a report of the National Endowme
21、nt for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in “innovation activities“, 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).5. In fact, it might be better to call Britain a “servant“ econ
22、omythere are at least 4 million people “in service“. The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at th
23、e low-skill end of the service sectorin shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing: and care homes.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Growth of EconomyB. “Servant“ EconomyC. Strength of the Creative EconomyD. Weakness of the Creative EconomyE. Gift of TalkingF. Export of Talking MachinesParagraph 2 _（分数：1.00
24、）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. to find jobsB. to do low-skill jobsC. to feed its peopleD. to handle disputesE. to make a profitF. to worry about the British economyEvery country has its own way _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).T
25、he British government doesnt seem _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The creative industries find it difficult _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Many graduates are employed _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Weight on and off the EarthWe are so used to our life on the surface of the earth tha
26、t it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of “weight“ as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out f
27、rom the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space? The reason is this: All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attra
28、ction. But this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles from the center. When we took the butter 4,000 miles out, it was 8,000 from the center, which is twice the distance. If you double the di
29、stance between two objects, their gravitational attraction decreases four times (two times two). If you treble the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three) and so on.So this is one of the first things we need to remember: that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its we
30、ight on the surface of the earth.What about the weight of our pound of butter on the surface of the moon? At the distance the pull of the earth is about 4,000 times smaller than it is here on the surface, so we can forget all about the earth-pull on our butter.On the other hand, on the moon there wi
31、ll be an attraction between the butter and the moon, but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of
32、butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.（分数：15.00）(1).How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth?A. 1 pound. B. 2 pounds.C. 3 poun
33、ds. D. 4 pounds.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).We find it hard to break free from ideas connected with living on the earth because _.A. it demands too great an effort for us to do soB. we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideasC. we have proved that those ideas are correctD. we are so s
34、ure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on the earth（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the passage, “weight“ should be understood in the sense that _.A. it is fixed if it is outside the earths gravitational pullB. it decreases four times when it is 4,000 miles from the earths centerC. it varies
35、 with the change of the gravitational attraction between two objectsD. things increase in amount as they are closer to the earths surface（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because _.A. it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its ownB. its pull is
36、 so small that we tend to ignore itC. its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitationD. it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The main idea of this passage is _.A. different weight systems in different placesB. freedom from traditional ideasC. traveling
37、from the earth to the moonD. the effect of gravitation on weight（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Almost Human?Scientists are racing to build the worlds first thinking robot. This is not science fiction: some say they will have made it by the year 2020. Carol Packer reports.Machines that walk, s
38、peak and feel are no longer science fiction. Kismet is the name of an android (机器人) which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Kismet is different from the traditional robots because it can show human emotions. Its eyes, ears and lips move to show when it feels h
39、appy, sad or bored. Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androidsrobots that look like human beingswhich can imitate human feelings. Cog, another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother. However, scientists admit that so far Cog has the mental ability of a two-year-
40、old.The optimists (乐观主义者) say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids (机器人) with brains similar to those of an adult human being. These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public. What kind of jobs will they do? In the futur
41、e, robots like Robonaut, a humanoid invented by NASA, will be doing dangerous jobs, like repairing space stations. They will also be doing more and more of the household work for us. In Japan, scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.Some people worry
42、 about what the future holds: will robots become monsters (怪物)? Will people themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro-computers, connected to the Internet, in the future. People will have micro-chips in various parts of their body, wh
43、ich will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets (小装置). Perhaps we should not exaggerate (夸大) the importance of technology, but one wonders whether, in years to come, we will still be falling in love, and whether we will still feel pain. Who knows?（分数：15.00）(1).Kismet is different from traditional
44、 robots because _.A. it thinks for itself B. it is not like science fictionC. it can look after two-year-olds D. it seems to have human feelings（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What makes Cog special?A. It looks like a mother.B. It behaves like a child.C. It can imitate the behavior of a mother.D. It has a huge
45、 brain.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In about 15 years time from now, robots _.A. will become space designers B. wiI1 look like monstersC. will behave like animals D. will think like humans（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In the future robots will also _.A. explore space B. entertain peopleC. move much faster D. do all
46、of the housework（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What is the writers attitude to robots in the future?A. Critical. B. Hostile.C. Objective. D. Enthusiastic.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The FamilyThe structure of a family takes different forms around the world and even in the same society. The familys f
47、orm changes as it adapts to changing social and economic influences. Until recently, the most common form in North America was the nuclear family, consisting of a married couple with their minor children. The nuclear family is an independent unit. It must be prepared to fend for itself, Individual f
48、amily members strongly depend on one another. There is little help from outside the family in emergencies. Elderly relatives of a nuclear family are cared for only if it is possible for the family to do so. In North America, the elderly often do not live with the family; they live in retirement comm
49、unities and nursing homes.There are many parallels between the nuclear family in industrial societies, such as North America, and of families in societies such as that of the Inuits, who live in harsh environments. The nuclear family structure is well adapted to a life of mobility. In harsh conditions, mobility allows the family to hunt for food. For North Am
