1、职称英语综合类 B 级-60 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Ants always put food away in Autumn.A. store B. steal C. eat D. carry（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.I recommend you buy a computer.A. force B. advise C. ask D. require（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.You should soon regain your appetite.A. keep B. lose
2、 C. recover D. get（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Helen will leave immediately.A. far away B. right away C. right here D. soon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.We resolved the problem after group discussion.A. caused B. met C. solved D. posed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Cement was seldom used in buildings of the Middle Ages.A. slight B.
3、 rarely C. originally D. occasionally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.A. steady B. plentiful C. extra D. stable（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A. puzzling B. difficult C. terrifying
4、D. urgent（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.He made an immense amount of money in business.A. large B. small C. limited D. little（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles.A. quicken B. shorten C. loosen D. enlarge（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The manager allocates dutie
5、s to the clerks.A. assigns B. persuades C. asks D. orders（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The once barren hillsides are now good farmland.A. hairless B. bare C. empty D. bald（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.It is postulated that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2020.A. challenged B. assumed C. deducted
6、 D. decreed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.We must abide by the rules.A. stick to B. persist in C. safeguard D. apply（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.From my standpoint, you know, this thing is just funny.A. position B. point of view C. knowledge D. opinion（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Computer MouseThe basic
7、 computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting, drawing, and even scrolling on the page with the
8、newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at things before we learn to speak, so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Other computer pointing devices in
9、clude light pens, graphics tablets and touch screens, but the mouse is still our workhorse.The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text, it became clear that a point
10、ing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse, with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983, really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks.How does the mouse work? We h
11、ave to start at the bottom, so think upside down for now. It all starts with the mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad, it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are connected to wheels with several small holes in them. The wheels have a pair of
12、small electronic light-emitting devices called light- emitting diodes (LED) mounted on either side. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin and a hole rotates by, the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side. But a moment later the light beam is blocke
13、d until the next hole is in place. The LED detects a changing pattern of light, converts the pattern into an electronic signal, and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name. The computer inter
14、prets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor on the computer screen.So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used. One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventual
15、ly you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.（分数：7.00）(1).Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).According to the author, general computer users need not to know how th
16、e computer mouse was invented.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body, which looks like the tail of a mouse.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).The key components of a computer mouse are the two L
17、EDs.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).
18、The optical mouse is superior to the basic one in that the former has no moving parts.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Adult Education1. Voluntary learning in organized courses by mature men and women is called adult education. Such education is offer
19、ed to make people able to enlarge and interpret their experience as adults. Adults may want to study something which they missed in earlier schooling, get new skills or job training, find out about new technological developments, seek better self-understanding, or develop new talents and skills.2. T
20、his kind of education may be in the form of self-study with proper guidance through the use of libraries, correspondence courses, or broadcasting. It may also be acquired collectively in schools and colleges, study groups, workshops, clubs and professional associations.3. Modern adult education for
21、large numbers of people started in the 18th and 19th centuries with the rise of the Industrial Revolution. Great economic and social changes were taking place; people were moving from rural areas to cities; new types of work were being created in an expanding factory system. These and other factors
22、produced a need for further education and re-education of adults.4. The earliest programs of organized adult education arose in Great Britain in the 1790s, with the founding of an adult school in Nottingham and a mechanics institution in Glasgow. Benjamin Franklin and some friends found the earliest
23、 adult education institution in the U.S. in Philadelphia in 1727.5. People recognize that continued learning is necessary for most forms of employment today. For example, parts of the adult population in many countries find it necessary to take part in retraining programs at work or even to learn co
24、mpletely new jobs. Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Necessity for Developing Adult EducationB. Early Days of Adult EducationC. Ways of Receiving Adult EducationD. Growth of Adult EducationE. Institutions of Adult EducationF. Definitio
25、n of Adult EducationParagraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A. social and economic changesB. guided self-study and correspondence coursesC. by studying together with childrenD. what they did not manage to lea
26、rn earlierE. dates back to the eighteenth centuryF. mass productionSome adults want to learn _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).There are various forms of adult education, including _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Adult education has been made necessary by _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The earliest organized adult education originat
27、ed in _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Seeing the World Centuries AgoIf you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur Former or Eugene Fodor, it will not surprise you to lean that travel writing has a long and venerable history. Almost fro
28、m the earliest annals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for their accounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.One of the earliest travel writers, a Greek geographer and historian named Strabo, lived around the time of Christ. Though Strabo is known to have traveled from
29、east of the Black Sea west to Italy and as far south as Ethiopia, he also used details gleaned from other writers to extend and enliven his accounts. His multivolumed work Geography provides the only surviving account of the cities, peoples, customs, and geographical peculiarities of the whole known
30、 world of his time.Two other classic travel writers, the Italian Marco Polo and the Moroccan Ibn Battutah, lived in roughly the same time period. Marco Polo traveled to China with his father and uncle in about A. D. 1275 and remained there 16 or 17 years, visiting several other countries during his
31、travels. When Marco returned to Italy he dictated his memoirs, including stories he had heard from others, to a scribe, with the resulting book The million being an instant success. Though difficult to attest to the accuracy of all he says, Marcos book impelled Europeans to begin their great voyages
32、 of exploration.Ibn Battutahs interest in travel began on his required Muslim journey to Mecca in 1325, and during his lifetime he journeyed through all the countries where Islam held sway. His travel book the Rihlah is a personalized account of desert journeys, court intrigues, and even the effect
33、of the Black Death in the various lands he visited. In almost 30 years of traveling it is estimated that Ibn Battutah covered more than 75,000 miles.（分数：15.00）(1).This passage is mostly about _.A. why people find travel writing excitingB. the literary style of three early travel writersC. where thre
34、e early travel writers went and wrote aboutD. how to write a travel book（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Ibn Battutah traveled _.A. to China B. to EthiopiaC. throughout the Muslim world D. for 16 or 17 years（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The books by the three writers were popular because _.A. they listed good places to
35、stayB. they told of strange and exotic localesC. they explained the best routes to get to placesD. all of their stories were firsthand accounts（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The overall organization of this passage is through _.A. chronological orderB. spatial descriptionC. travel writers personal narrativesD
36、. persuasive details（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).In this passage “attest“ means to _.A. give an examination to B. draw a map ofC. tell lies to D. give proof of（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The Cherokee NationLong before the white man came to America, the land belonged to the American Indian nations.
37、 The nation of the Cherokees lived in what is now the southeastern part of the United States.After the white man came, the Cherokees copied many of their ways. One Cherokee named Sequoyah saw how important reading and writing was to the white man. He decided to invent a way to write down the spoken
38、Cherokee language. He began by making word pictures. For each word he drew a picture. But that proved impossiblethere were just too many words. Then he took the 85 sounds that made up the language. Using his own imagination and an English spelling book, Sequoyah invented a sign for each sound. His a
39、lphabet proved amazingly easy to learn. Before long, many Cherokees knew how to read and write in their own language. By 1828, they were even printing their own newspaper.In 1830,the US Congress passed a law. It allowed the government to remove Indians from their lands. The Cherokees refused to go.
40、They had lived on their lands for centuries. It belonged to them. Why should they go to a strange land far beyond the Mississippi River?The army was sent to drive the Cherokees out. Soldiers surrounded their villages and marched them at gunpoint into the western territory. The sick, the old and the
41、small children went in carts, along with their belongings. The rest of the people marched on foot or rode on horseback. It was November, yet many of them still wore their summer clothes. Cold and hungry, the Cherokees were quickly exhausted by the hardships of the journey. Many dropped dead and were
42、 buried by the roadside. When the last group arrived in their new home in March 1839, more than 4,000 had died. It was indeed a march of death.（分数：15.00）(1).The Cherokee Nation used to live _.A. on the American continentB. in the southeastern part of the USC. beyond the Mississippi RiverD. in the we
43、stern territory（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).One of the ways that Sequoyah copied from the white man is the way of _.A. writing down the spoken languageB. making word picturesC. teaching his people readingD. printing their own newspaper（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A law was passed in 1830 to _.A. allow the Cherokees
44、 to stay where they wereB. send the army to help the CherokeesC. force the Cherokees to move westwardD. forbid the Cherokees to read their newspapers（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).When the Cherokees began to leave their lands _.A. they went in carts B. they went on horsebackC. they marched on foot D. all of t
45、he above（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Many Cherokees died on their way to their new home mainly because _.A. they were not willing to go thereB. the government did not provide transportationC. they did not have enough food and clothesD. the journey was long and boring（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Eat
46、 More, Weigh Less, Live LongerClever genetic detective work may have found out the reason why a near-starvation diet prolongs the life of many animals.Ronald Kahn at Harvard Medical School in Boston, US, and his colleagues have been able to extend the lifespan (寿命) of mice by 18 percent by blocking
47、the rodents (啮齿动物) increase of fat in specific cells. This suggests that thinnessand not necessarily diet promotes long life in “calorie (热量单位, 卡) restricted“ animals.“Its very cool work, “says aging researcher Cynthia Kenyon of the University of California, San Francisco. “These mice eat all they w
48、ant, lose weight and live longer. Its like heaven.“Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown, partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.But many researchers hope they
49、 will be able to trigger the same effect with a drug once they understand how less food leads to a longer life. One theory is that eating less reduces the increase of harmful things that can damage cells. But Kahns team wondered whether the animals simply benefit by becoming thin.To find out, they used biology tricks to disrupt the insulin (胰岛素) receptor (受体) ge
