1、职称英语综合类 B 级-5 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.I must have waited for ten minutes before the telephone operator put me through.（分数：1.00）A.hung upB.hung onC.hung overD.hung round2.When an organization acquires a computer system, it decides precisely what forms of input wo
2、uld be most favourable.（分数：1.00）A.inexpressiveB.beneficialC.defensiveD.essential3.Operations exhausted which left patients and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.（分数：1.00）A.wornB.abandonedC.injuredD.deserted4.This book should be well within the co
3、mpetence of anyone who has studied French for three years.（分数：1.00）A.possessionB.performanceC.qualificationD.capability5.Blend the sugar, flour, and eggs together.（分数：1.00）A.BringB.MixC.TakeD.Buy6.Smoking is banned in public places in big cities.（分数：1.00）A.restrictedB.confinedC.criticizedD.forbidden
4、7.The holder of this letter is my student who shows great promise in language learning, and I should like to introduce him to you.（分数：1.00）A.requirementB.desireC.willD.hope8.She had never longed so keenly to go on with her university work in her life as she did that day.（分数：1.00）A.indulgedB.thirsted
5、C.cherishedD.promised9.There was a Jewish trader, who had come by one of Stricklands pictures in a(n) peculiar way.（分数：1.00）A.singleB.singularC.elaborateD.essential10.The ships generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated by hand.（分数：1.00）A.manuallyB.artificiallyC.automaticallyD.synthetica
6、lly11.Im very sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such an occasion.（分数：1.00）A.interferedB.offendedC.impressedD.concerned12.When I told the manager I didnt have the goods I had ordered delivered on time, he promised to investigate my complaint.（分数：1.00）A.look intoB.look throughC.look
7、 afterD.look over13.These factories were closed for failing to comply with the air-pollution laws issued by the Government.（分数：1.00）A.abide byB.listen toC.heed toD.consent to14.He is planning another tour abroad, yet his passport will come to an end at the end of this month.（分数：1.00）A.expireB.exceed
8、C.terminateD.cease15.She declined to have lunch with her friend, saying that she wasnt feeling well.（分数：1.00）A.sinkedB.rejectedC.droopedD.disputed二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BThe difference between men and women shoppers/BShopping for clothes is not the same
9、 experience for a man as it is for woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant f
10、or what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on proceeds at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly and chat and to everyones satisfaction.For a man, slight problems many b
11、egin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something elsehe offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute bluntly; he does so wit
12、h skill and polish: “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It happens to be the colour you mentioned. “Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: “This is the right colour and may be the right size, but I should be wastin
13、g my time and yours by trying it on.“Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She had never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look round“. She is always open to persu
14、asion; indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of val
15、ue when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro, often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a laborious process, b
16、ut apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provides chairs for the waiting husbands.（分数：7.00）(1).When a man is buying clothes he does not mind how much he has to pay for the right things.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Women shoppers for clothes welcome suggestions from an
17、yone.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Women rarely consider buying cheap clothes.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Women often buy things without giving the matter proper thought.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).A man usually does not buy an
18、ything when he cannot get exactly what he want.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).The most obvious difference between men and women shoppers lies in that women bargain for their clothes, but men do not.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).The things women buy are of
19、ten paid by their husbands.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为规定段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BOcean Ecosystem Endangered/B1. Spanning the oceanic divide between the U.S. and R
20、ussia, it is one of the richest and most commercially productive marine environments on earth, teeming with pollack (保镖) and halibut, fur seals and Stellers sea lions, horn puffins and murres. The seals and seabirds depend on catching fish, and so do humans. More than 2,000 boats from the U.S., Russ
21、ia, Japan, Norway, China, Poland and the Koreas haul in an annual catch worth roughly $1 billion. The portion taken off the shores of Alaska alone amounts to one-half the sea life caught by commercial fishing vessels in U.S. waters.2. But will the bounty (奖励) last? Since the majority of the worlds f
22、isheries are in a state of collages, as too many boats chase too few fish, conservationists fear the same fate for the Bering Sea, the last great refuge of marine abundance. Competition among countries for the rights to fish certain sectors of the sea is already fierce and could turn violent, as it
23、has elsewhere in the world. The Russians have severely depleted (耗尽) fish stocks in their zone, and the international area open to all boats, called the Doughnut Hole, has been nearly stripped of commercial fish.3. No species is more important to man and beast than Pollack, the No. 1 ingredient (成分)
24、 of frozen fish sticks and the fish items served by chains like Burger King and Long John Silver. Each year the Bering Sea yields two billion kg of this bottomdwelling creature, making the Pollack business the biggest fish harvest in the world.4. On the surface, that business is healthy: the Pollack
25、 catch has stayed near record levels. But signs of over fishing and an ailing ecosystem can be seem higher up in the food chain. The fur-seal population has not increased despite a long-standing ban on commercial hunting. The number of Stellers sea lions, which feed mostly on Pollack, has plunged 80
26、% since the 1970s, and seabirds such as the red-legged kittiwake are also in trouble.5. Even if fishing is brought under control, the Bering Sea faces threats that originate thousands of miles away. Wind currents from industrial areas far to the south bring in pollutants like insecticides and heavy
27、metals, which collect in the tissues of wildlife and the local Inuit people. At the same time the region has been warming up, and part of the reason may be the build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Whatever the cause, sea ice has been retreating farther to the north, making life harder for
28、 polar bears and other ice-dwelling animals.A. Other threats to the Bering seaB. Pollackthe most important kind o fishC. The problems many counties faceD. How to protect Bering seaE. Over-fishing destroys the food chainF. Why to control fishing（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph
29、 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Most of the worlds major fisheries are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Many seabirds are starving because of _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Air pollution is a problem that is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The problem Bering sea faced
30、is probably encountered _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBTipping/BEverybody loathes it, but everybody does it. A recent poll showed that 40% of Americans hate the practice. It seems so arbitrary, after
31、 all. Why does a barman get a tip, but not a doctor who saved lives?In America alone, tipping is now a $16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. Tips should not exist. So why do they? The conventional wisdom is that tips bot
32、h reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip.Such explanations no doubt explain the purported origin of tippingin the 16th century, boxes in English taverns carried the phrase “To Insurance Promptitude“ (later just “
33、TIP“). But according to new research from Cornell University, tipping no longer serves any useful function. The paper analyses data from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants. The correlation between larger tips and better service was very weak: only a tiny part of the variability in the s
34、ize of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Customers who rated a meal as “excellent“ still tipped anywhere between 8% and 37% of the meal price.Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom has become institutionalized: it is regarded as part of
35、 the accepted cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers can expect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries $2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, discretionary tipping is being replaced
36、 by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all.How to account for these national differences? Look no further than psychology. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell papers co-author, countries in which people are more extrovert, sociable or neuroti
37、c tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served by strangers. And, says Mr. Lynn, “in America, where people are outgoing and expressive, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off.“ Icelanders, by contrast, do no
38、t usually tip a measure of their introversion, no doubt.While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be that tipping does not work. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants, does it actually incentivise the waiter, or help the restaurant manager to monitor a
39、nd assess his staff. Service people should “just be paid a decent wage“ may actually make economic sense.（分数：15.00）(1).We can infer from the first paragraph that _.（分数：3.00）A.tipping has never been really popular in AmericaB.tipping has been questioned by people though it still existsC.American peop
40、le approve of giving tips to doctors instead of barmenD.American people think one way and act another(2).According to the author, the primary cause of tipping is that _.（分数：3.00）A.the word “tip“ comes from the phrase “To Insure Promptitude“B.tipping well is a chance to get admiration from othersC.pe
41、ople hope to receive good service from the service peopleD.tipping can shorten the income gap of the service people(3).What can we learn from the research conducted by Cornell University?（分数：3.00）A.Tipping doesnt play an important role in getting good service nowadays.B.The relationship between lage
42、r tips and better service is obvious.C.Tipping has nothing to do with the quality of service.D.Customers tipping at restaurants is declining now.(4).What does the phrase “catch on“ in Para. 5 mean?（分数：3.00）A.To understand.B.To become popular.C.To be involved with.D.To be interested in.(5).The passag
43、e is mainly focused on _.（分数：3.00）A.discussing whether tipping id necessary or notB.introducing the origin and developing of tipsC.persuading American people to give up tippingD.explaining different tips in different countries五、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)BThe Pentagon(五角大楼)/BThe Pentagon, headquarters of
44、 the Department of Defence in US, is one of the worlds largest office buildings. It is twice the size of the Merchandise Mart in Chicago, and has three times the floor space of the Empire State Building in New York. There are very few people throughout the United States who do not have some knowledg
45、e of the Pentagon. Many have followed news stories emanating from the defence establishment housed in this building. However, relatively few people have had the opportunity to visit.The Pentagon is virtually a city in itself. Approximately 23,000 employees, both military and civilian, contribute to
46、the planning and execution of the defence of the country. These people arrive daily from Washington, D.C. and its suburbs over approx imately 30 miles of access highways, including express bus lanes and one of the newest subway systems in the country. They ride past 200 acres of lawn to park approxi
47、mately 8,770 cars in 16 parking lots; climb 131 stairways or ride 19 escalators to reach offices that occupy 3,705 square feet. While in the building, they tell time by 4,200 clocks, drink from 691 water fountains, utilize 284 rest rooms, consume 4,500 cups of coffee, 1,700 pints of milk and 6,800 s
48、oft drinks prepared or served by a restaurant staff of 230 persons and distributed in 1 dining room, 2 cafeterias, 6 snack bars, and an outdoor snack bar. The restaurant service is a privately run civilian operation under contract to the Pentagon.Stripped of its occupants, furniture and various deco
49、rations, the building alone in an extraordinary structure. Built during the early years of World War , it is still thought of as one of the most efficient office buildings in the world. Despite 17.5 miles of corridors it takes only seven minutes to walk between any two points in the building.（分数：15.00）(1).Whic
