1、职称英语综合类 B 级-51 及答案解析(总分：95.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environment problems.A. list B. forbid C. handle D. investigate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.I must have waited for
2、 ten minutes before the telephone operator put me through.A. hung up B. hung onC. hung over D. hung round（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance.A. beats B. matchesC. maintains D. announces（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Would you
3、 please call my husband as soon as possible?A. contact B. consult C. phone D. visit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The aim of the national government is to protect the rights and freedoms.A. premise B. objectiveC. object D. origin（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.You must shine your shoes.A. polish B. clearC. wash D. mend（分数：1
4、.00）A.B.C.D.7.There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance.A. beats B. matchesC. maintains D. announces（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.A careless person is apt to make mistakes.A. capable B. givenC. inclined D. subject（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Our statistics sh
5、ow that we consume all that we are capable of producing.A. waste B. buyC. use D. sell（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Practically all animals communicate through sounds,A. Clearly B. AlmostC. Absolutely D. Basically（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the
6、 bull.A. confuses B. excitesC. scares D. satisfies（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.In the western United States one can still find posts to which nineteenth-century cowboys hitched their horses.Atied Bled Cpulled Dbrought（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.In the process，the light energy converts to heat energy Areduces Bchange
7、s C1eaves Ddrops（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.From my standpoint, this thing is just ridiculous.Apoint of viewBfieldCknowledgeDinformation（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.The senator was offended by the reporters silly questions.A. insulted B. rejoicedC. defended D. rejected（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The
8、 Science of PersuasionIf leadership consists of getting things done through others, then persuasion is one of the leaders essential tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的) and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, thou
9、gh, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to t
10、hem than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So its worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.Third, experiments confirm
11、the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. Its sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show tha
12、t people really do defer to (服从) experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that its self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when its scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is more pers
13、uasive than widely available data.（分数：7.00）(1).Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.A. Right B. Wrong C. Net mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Managers do not employ th
14、ose who are quite different from them.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you th
15、e way you treat them.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第
16、 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)The Bluesthe Song of the Walking Wounded1 Jazz is the art of surprise, producing always the sudden and unexpected. But the blues is something else. Jazz has been developed into one of those intellectual art forms that scares people away. The blues can be faked. It is fa
17、ked more today than even before. But it is an emotional song and even the finest of blues singers cannot always possess true emotions, the real grief which is at the heart, in the soul.2 Of course, I had heard the blues all my life. I had heard it all as a teenage jazz fan in America, travelling lon
18、g distances to sit, perfectly still, listening with religious reverence to the great progressive jazzmen of the day. But I was never moved by the blues until I was a young soldier, marching along one long, desperately hot afternoon under a south Texas sun. We were marching four abreast, rifles slung
19、, singing as we swung along.3 An officer marched at the head of us. He did not sing. God knows how we hated them, the officers. We all hated them. The officer was only there for show. Like a fancy motor car radiator cap. Suddenly on our left there appeared this ghostly vision. All in white. Pure whi
20、te. It was men. A prison work-gang. All black men dressed in white. They sang as they worked. They were not in chains, but men on horseback watched over them.4 The men on horseback were unmoved, bored by the singing of the prison work-gang. Maybe they heard too much of it. But the beauty of their si
21、nging stirred us. We stopped singing our own silly song as we drew near them. Many of us were university graduates. Being soldiers in the infantry was the closest we could ever come, with luck, to joining the down-trodden of the earth.5 The prison gang were singing some work-song. We all, all of us
22、felt it; knew the feeling of the song for we were prisoners too and knew something at least of the longing that went into that song.6 Without ever stopping their work the black convict gang saw us. The scene, the beauty of their singing, of these black men who were the grandsons of kidnapped African
23、 men and women, the descendants of slaves, burned our eyes. The blues, sung like this, in the condition of penal servitude which was its true roots, and set against this dusty lonesome Southern backdrop, was the real thing. All the concerts, jazz sessions and recordings I had listened to again and a
24、gain-none of them was like this.A A jazz fan since teenagerB Be moved by blues while being a soldierC Heard black men singing bluesD Compliments on the singingE Stirred by the beauty of the singingF Jazz is Americans contribution to popular music（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragrap
25、h 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_Carl Sagan1 “No one has ever succeeded in conveying the wonder and joy of science as widely and few as wells.“ That praise was given on Carl Sagan when he was honored with the Public Welfare Medal, the highest awa
26、rd given by the National Academy of Science. On 20 December 1996, Carl Sagan died at age 62 of pneumonia. In my experience, he was much more than a prominent popularizer. He was a brilliant scientist with solid achievements.2 I first met Sawn at a meeting of the AAAS, the American Association for th
27、e Advancement of Science, were he took part in a session on the Viking Mars Project. When Viking landed on Mars in 1976, it was at a site he had helped select. Then I interviewed him in Washington, D.C., after Mariner had sent back spectacular pictures of the Martian surface. Sagan had acted as a he
28、ad of one of Mariners imaging teams. The interview, “Close-up Photos Reveal a Turbulent Mars,“ appeared in Popular Sciences in September 1976.3 I had originally headlined the story “The Red Planet Isnt Dead,“ but Sagan asked me to change it. “Im in enough hot waters with some of my colleagues as it
29、is,“ he said, referring to the anger felt by some scientists over his growing fame as a popularizer. That fame reached a zenith during his 1980 television series “Cosmos,“ with an audience of 400 million people in 60 countries. Along the way, he captured Pulitzer Prize for his book The Dragons of Ed
30、en.4 He was noted for the vigor of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience. I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanual Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedly collided with Eart
31、h and Mars; events well noted, Velikovsky said, in the bible.5 Sagan was often heard observing that drawings of flying saucers never included a door. “How did those creatures of outer space get in and out?“ he once asked. Once he said that pseudoscience is embraced in exact proportion as real scienc
32、e is misunderstood.A Satan as a Science PopularizerB Honor Sagan EnjoyedC Sagans PublicationsD Description of tie First Meeting with SaganE Sagans Criticism on PscudoscienceF Sagan in Trouble with Other Scientists（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragrap
33、h 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Too Late to Regret ItWhen I was a junior, I met a second-year student in my department. He wasnt tall or good-looking, but he was very nice, attractive and athletic. He had something that I admired
34、 very much. He was natural, warm, and sincere.I disregarded (不顾) my parents disapproval. We were very happy together. He picked me up from my dorm every morning, and after class we would sit alongside the stream that ran through campus, or sunbathe (晒太阳) on the lawn. At night he would walk me back t
35、o my dorm. He came from a poor family, but in order to make me happy, he borrowed money from his friend to buy presents and meals for me. Our fellow students looked up to him as a role model, and the girls envied (妒忌) me. He wasnt a local, but wanted to stay here after graduation. I thought we had a
36、 future together.However, when I got a part-time job during the summer vacation, people began giving me a lot of pressure, saying that a pretty, intelligent girl like me should find a better guy to spend time with. This was also what my family thought. He spent the summer in his hometown, so I was a
37、ll by myself. When he got back, I began finding fault with him. But his big heart and warmth soon drove all unpleasant thoughts away. However, I had no idea how badly I had hurt him and that things would get worse.I had a good part-time job off campus that paid pretty well. With my good performance
38、at school, I also got admission to graduate school at one of Chinas best universities. He, on the other hand, did not do so well at school or at work. I had to worry about his living expenses, job and scores.Almost all my colleagues and friends advised me to break up with him. Then we had a quarrel
39、last June. He was in great pain, and my cold words and bad moods started turning him away.Graduation time was drawing near, and he said he wanted to go back to his hometown. He said that he couldnt put up with me anymore. I was shocked and looked at him in despair.True love happens only once, but I
40、found it out too late.（分数：15.00）(1).When did the author fall in love with the boy?A. After she had a quarrel with him,B. When she was a junior.C. When she was a second-year student.D. After she found a part-time job.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What did he do to make her happy?A. He studied much harder.B. H
41、e often took her for a ride.C. He always endured her insults.D. He often bought her presents and meals.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Who advised her to break up with him?A. His parents.B. Her teachers.C. Her colleagues and friends.D. Their fellow students.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Why did he leave her?A. Because
42、he could no longer bear her.B. Because he hated her.C. Because his parents needed taking care of.D. Because he wasnt a local.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Upon learning that he would leave her, she wasA. very happy.B. extremely joyful.C. quite relieved.D. in great pain.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)D
43、epartment StoreA mainstay of retailing in the United States is the department store, a large-scale retailing instituting that has a very broad and deep product assortment(分类), tires not to compete on the basis of price, and provides a wide array or customer services. Traditional department stores of
44、fer a greater variety of merchandise and services than does any other type of retail store. They feature both“soft goods“ such as apparel, sheets, towels, and bedding (寝具)and “hard goods“ including furniture, appliances, and consumer electronics. Department stores also attract and satisfyconsumers b
45、y offering many customer services. The combination of destinctive, appealing merchandise and numerous customer services is designed to allow the stores to maintain the manufacturerssuggested retail prices. That is, department stores strive to charge“ full“ or “nondiscounted“ (不打折扣的) prices. Departme
46、nt stores face mounting problems, however, Largely due to their prime locations and customer services, their operation expenses are considerably higher than those of most other kinds of retail business. Many manufacturersbrands that used to be available exclusively thorough department stores are now
47、 widely distributed and often carry discounted prices in other outlets. And the quality of personal service, especially knowledgeable sales help, has deteriorated in some department stores. Intense horizontal competition is also hurting department stores. Other types of retailers are aiming at consu
48、mers who have long supported department stores. Speciality stores, off-price retailers, and even some discount houses have been particularly aggressive in trying to lure shoppers sway from department stores. To varying degrees retail chains compete against department stores. Consequently, many depar
49、tment stores have modified their target markets or elements of their marketing mixes. The May Department Stores Company has targeted middle-income consumers, rejecting high-priced European designer lines and instead concentrating on fashionable apparel with moderate prices. Penneys dropped three lines of hard goodshome electronics, sporting goods, and photographic equipment. Penn
