1、职称英语综合类 B级-19 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came into view.（分数：1.00）A.began to be seenB.began to seeC.go to someplaceD.looked at2.I cant put up with her endless complaint noise a moment longer.（分数：1.00）A.endureB.perc
2、eiveC.ripenD.protest3.The policeman went into action as soon as they heard the alarm.（分数：1.00）A.promptlyB.presentlyC.quicklyD.directly4.We would much appreciate it if you could do us a favour.（分数：1.00）A.enjoyB.be surprised byC.be astonished byD.be thankful for5.The training course was rather demandi
3、ng but his strong will finally pulled him through.（分数：1.00）A.recommendatoryB.strictC.commandingD.exhilarating6.If a thing is conspicuous by its absence, it is something that everyone expects to be there.（分数：1.00）A.noticeableB.necessaryC.regrettableD.indifferent7.His final remarks didnt make much imp
4、act on us.（分数：1.00）A.collisionB.uprisingC.influenceD.affect8.If a fever continues to exist, a doctor should be called since this may mean that a more serious infection is present.（分数：1.00）A.disappearsB.persistsC.perishesD.vanishes9.I dont subscribe to the idea that money brings happiness.（分数：1.00）A.
5、cheerB.contributeC.agreeD.describe10.I quivered with fear at the strange sound.（分数：1.00）A.shookB.escapedC.stungD.suffered11.The sports meet, originally due to be held last Friday, was finally cancelled because of the bad weather.（分数：1.00）A.set offB.broken offC.worn offD.called off12.I must go now. B
6、y the way, if you want that book, Ill bring it next time.（分数：1.00）A.IncidentallyB.AccidentallyC.OccasionallyD.Consequently13.I am not sure whether I can gain any profit from the investment, so I cant make a (n) definite promise to help you.（分数：1.00）A.exactB.definedC.obviousD.sure14.I saw a lark (云雀)
7、 rise from the ground and soar high into the sky.（分数：1.00）A.shootB.launchC.surgeD.fly15.When did you first go in for running in competition?（分数：1.00）A.does forB.does byC.attendD.go in with二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BWeather and forecast/BMany of the most dama
8、ging and life-threatening types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorm, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate (消散) rapidly, devastating (毁坏) small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the north-eastern section of Edmonto
9、n Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally
10、 not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional f
11、orecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcast“, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and
12、 operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable (不能克服的). Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these p
13、roblems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observations over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can qui
14、ckly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily a
15、nd quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.（分数：7.00）(1).The author mentions the tornado in Edmonton, Canada, in order to give an example of a damaging storm.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2
16、).Weather balloon is an advance in short-range weather forecasting.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).With Nowcasting, it first became possible to provide information about short-lived local storms.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).The observation-intensive appro
17、ach is no longer useful.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Communications satellites can predict severe weather.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Nowcasting would be best illustrated by a warning about a severe thunder-storm on the radio.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B.
18、Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Meteorologists should standardize computer programs.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BFasion/B1. For anyone who is set o
19、n a career in fashion it is not enough to have succeeded in college. The real test is whether they can survive and become established during their early 20s making a name for themselves in the real world where business skills can count for much as talent and creativity.2. Fashion is a hard business
20、skills can count for much as talent and creativity. Fashion is a hard business. There is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant breakneck speed to prepare for the next seasons collections. It is extremely competitive and there is the constant need to cultivate good coverage in n
21、ewspapers and magazines. It also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is insatiable.3. “We try to warn people before they come to us about how tough it is,“ says Lydia Kemeny, the head of fashion at St. Martins School of Arts in London, “and we point out that drive and det
22、ermination are essential.“4. This may seem far removed from the popular image of trendy and amateur young people spending their time designing pretty dresses. That may well be what. they do in their first year of study but a good college wont be slow in introducing students to commercial realities.
23、We dont stamp on the blossoming flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the constrains of price, manufacturability, marketing and so on.5. Almost all fashion design is done to a brief. It is not a form of self-expression as such, although there is certainly room for imaginat
24、ion and innovation. Most young designers are going to end up as employees of a manufacturer or fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style of their employer. Even those students who are most progressive in their own taste of clothes and image may need to adap
25、t to produce designs which are right for the mainstream Marks and Spencer type of market. They also have to be able to work at both the exclusively expensive and the cheap end of the market and the challenge to produce good design inexpensively may well be more demanding than where money is no objec
26、t.A. Adjustment of young peoples styleB. Disadvantage of college educationC. What fasion isD. The importance of creativityE. Warning from KemenyF. The use of fasion（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.0
27、0）填空项 1:_(5).To be a successful designer calls for many qualifications apart from _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).The realities of fashion designing business is very often far removed from _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Even the students with the most progressive tastes will have to tailor their designs _.（分数：1.00）填空项
28、 1:_(8).Determination and innovation are necessary qualities _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每题后面有 4个选项。请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBArt of the middle Ages/BIn the art of the Middle ages, we never encounter the personality of the artist as an ind
29、ividual; rather it is diffused (普及的) through the artistic genius of centuries embodied (具体表达) in the rules of religious art. Art of the middle Ages is first a sacred(神的，宗教的) script, the symbols and meanings of which were well settled. The circular halo placed vertically (神学,神性). By bare feet, we rec
30、ognize God, the angels, Jesus Christ and the apostles (使徒), but, for an artist to have depicted the Virgin Mary with bare feet would have been tantamount (等价的) to heresy (异教). Several concentric, wavy lines represent the sky, while parallel lines water or the sea. A tree, which is to say a single st
31、alk with two or three stylised leaves, informs us that the scene is laid on earth. A tower with a window indicates a village, and, should an angel be watching from the battlements, that city is thereby identified as Jerusalem. Saint Peter is always depicted with curly hair, a short beard, and a tons
32、ure, while Saint Paul has always a bald head and a long beard.A second characteristic of this iconography is obedience (服从，顺从) to a sacred mathematic. “The Divine Wisdom,“ wrote Saint Augustine, “reveals itself everywhere in numbers,“ a doctrine attributable to the neo-Platonists who revived the gen
33、ius of Pythagoras. Twelve is the master number of the Church and is the product of three, the number of the Trinity, and fours, the number of material elements. The number seven, the most mysterious of all numbers, is the sum of four and three. There are the seven ages of man, seven virtues, seven p
34、lanets. In the final analysis, the seven-tone scale of Gregorian music is the sensible embodiment of the order of the universe. Numbers also require a symmetry. At Charters, a stained glass window shows the four prophets, Isaac, Ezekiel, Daniel, and Jeremiah, carrying on their shoulders the four eva
35、ngelists, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John.A third characteristic of this art is to be a symbolic language, showing us one thing and inviting us to see another. In this respect, the artist was called upon to imitate God, who had hidden a profound meaning behind the literal and wished nature itself to be
36、 a moral lesson to man. Thus, every painting is an allegory. In a scene of the final judgment, we see the foolish virgins at the left hand of Jesus and the wise at his right, and we understand that this symbolizes those who are lost and those who are saved. Even seemingly insignificant details carry
37、 hidden meaning: The lion in a stained glass window is the figure of the Resurrection.These, then, are the defining characteristics of the art of the Middle Ages, a system within which even the most mediocre talent was elevated by the genius of the centuries. The artists of the early Renaissance bro
38、ke with tradition at their own peril. When they are not outstanding, they are scarcely able to avoid insignificance and banality in their religious works, and, even when they are great, they are no more than the equals of the old masters who passively followed the sacred rules.（分数：15.00）(1).The prim
39、ary purpose of the passage is to _.（分数：3.00）A.explain why artists of the Middle Ages followed the rules of a sacred scriptB.discuss some of the important features of the art of the Middle AgesC.contrast the art of the Middle Ages with that of the RenaissanceD.explain why the Middle Ages had a passio
40、n for order and numbers(2).We can be inferred that a painting done in the Middle Ages is most likely to contain _.（分数：3.00）A.elements representing the numbers three and fourB.highly stylized buildings and treesC.a moral lesson hidden behind the literal figuresD.figures with halos and bare feet(3).Wh
41、ich of the following best describes the attitude of the author toward the art of the Middle Ages?（分数：3.00）A.The author understands and admires it.B.The author regards it as the greatest art of all time.C.The author prefers the music of the period to its painting.D.The author is disappointed that ind
42、ividuality is never evident.(4).All the following statements are mentioned in the passage as elements of the sacred script EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.abstract symbols such as lines to represent physical featuresB.symbols such as halos and crossesC.clothing used to characterize (赋予特征) individualsD.symmetric
43、al juxtaposition of figures(5).The passage would most likely to be found in a _.（分数：3.00）A.sociological analysis of the Middle AgesB.scholarly analysis of the art in the Middle Ages oC.pamphlet discussing religious beliefsD.treatise (论文) on the influence of the Church in the Middle Ages.五、B第二篇/B(总题数
44、：1，分数：15.00)BShopping in the supermarket/BRemember when a trip to the supermarket was nothing more than a boring thing requiring little or no specialized knowledge? You could send your kinds into a cart while you did shopping. You always bought the same brands, usually the brands your mother bought.
45、 You didnt know about unit pricing, and furthermore, you didnt care. It never occurred to you to read the labels on anything. After all, youd bought these things a hundred times.But now, I really look on those days with a feeling of yearn. How innocent we were! How carefree were those trips to the s
46、upermarket. No worries. Today a trip to the supermarket is filled with social implication. Every time I buy pork chops I think about the years Im shaving from my life. I keep a wary eye on the freshness date and examine the tamper-proof packaging. I am victim of that most dangerous social disease: s
47、hoppers panic.I didnt realize how serious my condition had become until the last time I needed laundry soap. It seemed simple enough. Just run into the market, grab a box of the old reliable and pay for it. Cant get less complicated than that, right? I hadnt planned on discovering Ecover, a new bran
48、d of laundry soap. It sat quietly on the shelf right next to my old reliable. “Healthy, gentle but effective.“ My respect for it deepened with each new claim as I read the entire package. Then I looked at the price: $5.69 for 2 pound. $5.69! I cast a quick glance at the old reliable, still on sale f
49、or $1.39.Six bucks for laundry soap! These people must be crazy! Whos going to pay six bucks for laundry soap?Its not as though I cant afford it. See, its concentrated-use less, get more. BUT SIX BUCKS! And the box is made from recycled materials.This act went on for a solid half hour, after which I
