1、职称英语综合类 B 级-17 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play necessary roles in raising children.（分数：1.00）A.incapableB.indispensableC.insensibleD.infinite2.The evidence supports the view that under conditions which need
2、it, a cry is a wonderful restorative.（分数：1.00）A.call forB.call onC.call upD.call forth3.Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to go backwards, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s.（分数：1.00）A.revoltB.revolveC.reverseD.revive4.By the treaty each country pledge
3、d itself to assist the other in case of war.（分数：1.00）A.assuredB.appliedC.obligedD.promised5.The disease was kept under control owing to early diagnosis and treatment.（分数：1.00）A.on virtue withB.for virtue ofC.by virtue ofD.in virtue with6.I cant make it because of a previous engagement.（分数：1.00）A.pri
4、maryB.priorC.temporalD.primitive7.If the test taker finds an item to which an answer is not known, it may be wise to leave it blank and go on with the test.（分数：1.00）A.valuableB.advisableC.considerableD.probable8.The aim of the national government is to protect the rights and freedoms.（分数：1.00）A.prem
5、iseB.objectiveC.objectD.origin9.We should be cautious in crossing a crowded street.（分数：1.00）A.carefulB.intelligentC.quietD.weary10.I have traveled through the length and breadth of this country.（分数：1.00）A.extentB.borderC.widthD.center11.We hadnt met for 20 years, but I recognized her as soon as I sa
6、w her.（分数：1.00）A.for the momentB.the moment whenC.at the moment whenD.the moment12.His boss took him to task for his habitual lack of punctuality.（分数：1.00）A.reprimanded himB.reproached himC.praised himD.criticized him13.The contractor underestimated the building costs which turned out to be much mor
7、e.（分数：1.00）A.estimatedB.overestimatedC.undervaluedD.suppressed14.He might have thought it was all right to marry a woman ten years older than him, but in the opinion of his friends he was crazy.（分数：1.00）A.with the eyes ofB.to the eyes ofC.against the eyes ofD.in the eyes of15.The republication of th
8、e poets most recent works will certainly enhance his national reputation.（分数：1.00）A.magnifyB.strengthenC.enlargeD.improve二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BMaasai Mara/BMaasai Mara is a part of the southwestern tourist circuit and the most popular and visited game
9、 reserve in Kenya. The annual wildebeest migration to Maasai Mara is the worlds greatest wildlife spectacle, something not to be missed especially if youre visiting Kenya between August and October. Millions of wildebeests, zebras and gazelles from the Serengeti plains migrate across the Tanzania bo
10、rder and the Mara River to reach Maasai Mara grazing fields from late June. The game reserve abounds with birdlife since close to about 452-odd species have been recorded.Maasai Mara has a good range of accommodation from five-star lodges to luxury-tended camps. To keep the tempo of your adventure g
11、oing, Spartan tented camps and campsites within the game reserve are the best choice. Game walks and night game runs were tests to our bravery! Night falls quickly in the tropics and as the temperature drops, the campfire becomes the focus of your tour. You can keep count of the sightings of mammals
12、, reptiles and birds. Insects and hyenas provide the background music while the night sky is a symphony of stars.Lake Naivasha, Magadi, Victoria and Elementaita are accessible from the Maasai Mara Game reserve. Kenyans priceless treasury of wildlife owes its existence to contrasts in the countrys te
13、rrain, which ranges from rugged snow covered peaks of Mount Kenya, the Highland, the Savannah, the Great Rift Valley and its lakes as well as the sun-burnt sands of the coast. Each of these geographical regions is home to different types of wildlife that are unique to each area.Kenya has an amazing
14、wealth of bird life. We could get to see many bird species in Kenya. This again is due to its variety of habitats. Many migratory birds are also spotted here. According to our guide, more than six million birds migrate to Kenya during the Northern Hemisphere winter. These migrants along with the loc
15、al species of birds make Kenya an ornithological paradise.（分数：7.00）(1).The migration reaches Maasai Mara between August and October.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).If you want to have an adventurous trip, you should stay in Spartan tented camps in the game reserve.（分数：1.00）A.A.
16、Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).There is such a variety of wide-life in Kenya because Kenya is a tropical country.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Kenya has many tourist circuits.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Visitors can see various mammals, reptile
17、s and birds in Maasai Mara.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).We can find desert in Kenya.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).The sun falls very early in Maasai Mara.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2
18、项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为规定段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BThe Swedesa charming people/B1. The Swedes are among the most charming peoples in Europe. And their charm comes from an apparent contradiction in the national character. They are extremely conservative in so
19、cial relationships; within the family and when meeting friends and business acquaintances, their conduct is governed by strict social patterns. At the same time, they are one of the most intellectually progressive peoples in the world. They are always open to new ideas.2. All social occasions in Swe
20、den are regulated by rules and traditions. And. these traditions, are expressed in a specific ritual made up of formal bows, handshakes, and greetings. When a visitor enters a Swedish home, he is invariably received with a “Welcome“; when he leaves, his host will tell him “You will be welcome again.
21、“ These charming phrases are an indestructible part of Swedish social life and they give it an old-world flavor of good manners.3. Equally attractive is the Swedish acceptance of modern technological equipment. A traveller never needs to search for a telephone in Sweden: telephone booths are placed
22、at regular intervals along the main streets and highways. And in church, for example, long benches are fitted with hearing aids for worshippers who may be hard of hearing. Swedish homes are among the best equipped in the world and travellers in Sweden find their journeys made easy by the use of the
23、most efficient modern devices.4. The Swedes are an efficient and most capable people. Punctuality is more than a virtue to themit is a rule of life originating from the most attractive characteristic of this northern people. This is their respect for their friends and acquaintances and especially fo
24、r the visitor to their country. At whatever cost to themselves, they take care not to give another person the slightest degree of discomfort.5. This respect for human rights runs through the whole Swedish social system. It makes politicians and bureaucrats, indeed anyone with social power, courteous
25、 in dealing with citizens and visitors. Courtesy thus has been developed into a social instinct in Sweden. It is part of the spirit of the life based on a national culture which is wholly Scandinavian.A. The most capable people of the worldB. The rules and traditions of social occasionsC. The import
26、ance of efficiencyD. The most attractive characterpunctualityE. The respect for human rightsF. The use of the efficient modern devices（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The Swedes are _.
27、（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Punctuality is a very important virtue _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The Swedes charm comes from _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The traditions regulating the social occasions are expressed by _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答其后面的问题
28、，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBStress/BHow often do you sit still and do absolutely nothing? The usual answer these days is “never“, or “hardly ever“. As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, it is hard to slo
29、w down and unwind. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life. There is no way to avoid it, since it takes many and varied formsdriving in traffic, problems with personal relationships are all different forms of stress. Stress, in fact, is not t
30、he “baddy“ as it is often reputed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. it is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to level performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the indivi
31、dual. Some people thrive on stress, and such characters are obviously prime materials for managerial (管理的) responsibilities. Others crumple at the sight of unusual difficulties.When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we invoke the “fight“ mechanism
32、which in more primitive days made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however minimal the stress, it involves the same response. All the energy is diverted to cope with the stress, with the result that other functions, such as digestion,
33、are neglected.It is when such reaction is prolonged, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure, coronary heart disease (冠心病) all have established links with stress. The way stress affects a per son also varies with the indivi
34、dual. Stress in some people produces stomach disorders, while others succumb to tension headaches. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it.（分数：15.00）(1).The reason that many people find it hard to relax these days is that _.（分数：3.00）A.they are working harde
35、r than they used to beB.they are often too busy to find the timeC.they are suffering from the effects of stressD.they are not clear of how to relax by themselves(2).We learn from the passage that _.（分数：3.00）A.how much stress one can bear depends greatly on whether he knows the artB.people in primiti
36、ve days survived from stress because they found certain mechanism to cope with itC.if one gets into the habit of relaxing every day he can overcome stress easilyD.stress can lead to serious health problems if one is exposed to it for too long(3).The sentence “Stress, in fact, is not the baddy as it
37、is often reputed to be“ (Para. 2) suggests that _.（分数：3.00）A.stress used to have a bad reputation of causing ill healthB.we should not take it for granted that stress is unavoidableC.stress is not so terrible as people often believe it to beD.people do not think stress is as harmful as it was before
38、(4).The pronoun “it“ at the end of the passage refers back to _.（分数：3.00）A.ill healthB.reactionC.exposureD.stress(5).What is the writers attitude to stress according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Stress as well as relaxation are essential for a healthy mind and body.B.Stress produces both positive and n
39、egative effects to people.C.Stress should not be eliminated completely from the life.D.People usually work better under stress if they are healthy.五、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)BChanging in English Language/BWhen one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language,
40、 he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of our language has always been a history of constant changeat times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our language has always been a living growing organism; it has
41、never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been the possession not of one class or group but of many. At one extreme it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much
42、as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans. At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beau
43、ty.As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate importance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different devices for showing the relationship of words in a sentence. An
44、glo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words. Function words, you should understand, are words s
45、uch as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, however, have survived. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall see later
46、 when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, our attitudes toward language forms change also. The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns
47、 not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write.（分数：15.00）(1).In contrast to the earlier linguists, modern linguists tend to _.（分数：3.00）A.attempt to continue the stand
48、ardization of the languageB.evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patternsC.be more concerned about the improvement of the language than its analysis or historyD.be more aware of the rules of the language usage(2).Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection“ used in line 4 of paragraph 2.: _.（分数：3.00）A.changes in the forms of wordsB.changes in sentence structuresC.changes in spelling rulesD.words that have similar meanings(3).Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.It is generally believed that
