1、职称英语综合类 B 级-14 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Norman Blarney is an artist of deep convictions.（分数：1.00）A.statementsB.beliefsC.suggestionsD.claims2.The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.（分数：1.00）A.functionB.abilityC.powerD.volume3.The outlook from the top of the m
2、ountain is breathtaking.（分数：1.00）A.viewB.sightC.lookD.point4.The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.（分数：1.00）A.forceB.influenceC.surpriseD.power5.In the latter case, the outcome can be serious indeed,（分数：1.00）A.resultB.judgmentC.decisionD.event6.He talks tough but has a
3、tender head.（分数：1.00）A.heavyB.mildC.kindD.wild7.Accordingly, a number of other methods have been employed.（分数：1.00）A.ThereforeB.AfterwardsC.HoweverD.Furthermore8.Up to now, the work has been easy.（分数：1.00）A.SoB.So longC.So thatD.So far9.Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.（分数：1.00）A.tensel
4、yB.nearlyC.carefullyD.closely10.It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.（分数：1.00）A.makingB.takingC.discussingD.expecting11.The union representative put across her argument very effectively.（分数：1.00）A.explainedB.inventedC.consideredD.accepted12.The report advocated setting up day tra
5、ining colleges.（分数：1.00）A.supposedB.excitedC.suggestedD.discussed13.Can you follow the plot so far?（分数：1.00）A.changeB.investigateC.writeD.understand14.Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.（分数：1.00）A.physicalB.mentalC.naturalD.hard15.Our statistics show that we consume all
6、 that we are capable of producing.（分数：1.00）A.wasteB.buyC.useD.sell二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每道题后面有 4 个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B A Pay Rise or Not?/B“Unless I get a rise, Ill have a talk with the boss, Henry Manley, George Strong said to himself. George liked hi
7、s job and he liked the town he lived in, but his wife kept telling him that his pay was n6t enough to meet the needs of the family. That was why he was thinking of taking a job in Birmingham, a nearby city about 50 miles away. He had been offered a job in a factory there, and the pay was far better.
8、George lived in Wyeford, a medium-sized town. He really liked the place and didnt like the idea of moving somewhere else, but if he took the job in Birmingham, he would have to move his family there.Henry Manley was the manager of a small company manufacturing electric motors. The company was in dee
9、p trouble because, among other reasons, the Japanese were selling such things at very low prices. As a result, Manley had to cut his own prices and profits as well. Otherwise he would not get any orders at all. Even then, orders were still not coming in fast enough, so that there was no money for ra
10、ises (加工资) for his workers. Somehow, he had to struggle along and keep his best workers as well. He sighed. Just then the phone rang.His secretary told him that George Strong wanted to see him as soon as possible. Manley sighed again. He could guess what it was about. George Strong was a very young
11、engineer. The company had no future unless it could attract and keep men like him. Manley rubbed his forehead (前额); his problems seemed endless.（分数：7.00）(1).Henry Manley was already deeply in debt.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).The job that had been offered to George in Birming
12、ham paid better.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).If George took the job in Birmingham, he would have to leave his family at Wyeford.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Henry Manleys company was in deep trouble.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).
13、Henry Manleys company was making enough profits to raise the workers wages.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Henry Manley had no idea at all why George Strong wanted to see him.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).George Strong was the best engineer in Henry Manley
14、s company.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。B Keeping Cut Flowers/B1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few peopl
15、e know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2 An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer wh
16、en kept at 12 than when kept at 26. Keeping freshly. harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination
17、(授粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), called respiration (呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and colour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living thin
18、gs respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the
19、 flower dies.4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By. controlling temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut f
20、lower will age more slowly.5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find it difficult to “drink“ water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that
21、can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities. It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.（分数
22、：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2_A. Control of Respiration（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Respiration plays a key role_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The aging of cut f
23、lowers can be slowed down_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每道题后面有 4 个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB New Foods and the New World/BIn the last 500 years, nothing about peop
24、le - not their clothes, ideas, or languages has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree (可可树) by South American lndians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500%. And although it was very expensive, it quickl
25、y became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that tho
26、usands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine (饥荒)“ of 1845 - 1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direc
27、tion. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400s.According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered wh
28、en a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake“ feeling that one third of the worlds population now starts the day with.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most
29、 in the last 500 years?（分数：3.00）A.Food.B.Clothing.C.Ideology.D.Language.(2).“Some“ in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to（分数：3.00）A.some cocoa trees.B.some chocolate drinks.C.some shops.D.some South American Indians.(3).Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine“ beca
30、use（分数：3.00）A.they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else.B.they were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.C.the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes.D.the potato harvest was bad.(4).Which country is the largest coffee produ
31、cer?（分数：3.00）A.Brazil.B.Colombia.C.Ethiopia.D.Egypt.(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage?（分数：3.00）A.One third of the worlds population drinks coffee.B.Coffee is native to Colombia.C.Coffee can keep one awake.D.Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.B第二篇/BB Teac
32、hing Poetry/BNo poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed“, until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of i
33、t.All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling “interpretation“ of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a
34、 special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting (背诵) it.I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing“ it, if there isnt time for both. I think one of our goals
35、as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is “a criticism of life“, and “a heightening (提升) of life“. It is “an approach to the truth of feeling“, and it “can save your life“. It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occu
36、pies.I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those who dont like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in
37、 the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.（分数：15.00）(1).To have a better understanding of a poem, one should（分数：3.00）A.discuss it with others.B.analyze it by oneself.C.copy it down in a notebook.D.practise reading it aloud.(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a functio
38、n of poetry?（分数：3.00）A.Extending your life.B.Saving your life.C.Criticizing life.D.Heightening life.(3).According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students（分数：3.00）A.to understand life.B.to enjoy poetry.C.to become teachers.D.to become poets.(4).What does the last sen
39、tence in the third paragraph imply?（分数：3.00）A.More stress should be laid on the teaching of poetry.B.The teaching of poetry is more important than any other subject.C.One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry.D.Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses.(5).
40、The phrase “make room“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by（分数：3.00）A.“build a booth“.B.“provide equipment“.C.“leave a certain amount of time“.D.“set aside enough space“.B第三篇/BB “Salty“ Rice Plant Boosts Harvests/BBritish scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will b
41、e able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex Universitys School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has be
42、come salty.The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.It is estimated that each
43、year more than 1Om hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediter
44、ranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally.
45、Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants growth. They have started to
46、breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of cr
47、ops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?（分数：3.00）A.They are students at Sussex University.B.They are rice bre
48、eders.C.They are husband and wife.D.They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.(2).Flowers and Yeo have started a programme（分数：3.00）A.to find ways to prevent water pollution.B.to identify genes that promote growth in salty soil.C.to breed rice plants that taste salty.D.to find ways to
49、remove excessive salt from soil.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.B.The water table has gone down after droughts.C.Sea level has been continuously rising.D.Evaporation of water leave
