1、职称英语综合类 B 级-12 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.You have no option; you must do it.（分数：1.00）A.choiceB.freedomC.rightD.privilege2.At first the man demanded one thousand dollars for the used car but eventually he had to settle for half that amount.（分数：1.00）A.accommodateB.l
2、ocateC.acceptD.determine3.Under capitalism drug and alcohol are used by many as an escape mechanism.（分数：1.00）A.meansB.roadC.toolD.route4.You could tell from his big ears that he took after his father.（分数：1.00）A.took fromB.took toC.looked likeD.took on5.he spoke in a temperate manner, not favouring e
3、ither side especially.（分数：1.00）A.respectableB.moderateC.politeD.prudent6.The forecast predicted variable weather with snow, sunshine, wind and thunder and that is just what we have had.（分数：1.00）A.changeableB.unsteadyC.variousD.fluctuating7.She was content to step down after four years as chief execu
4、tive.（分数：1.00）A.willingB.worriedC.cheerfulD.desirable8.He is quite sure that its absolutely impossible for him to fulfil the task within two days.（分数：1.00）A.completelyB.exclusivelyC.inclusivelyD.roughly9.Gadfly was too much exhausted to wake easily when once asleep.（分数：1.00）A.worn outB.drearyC.reluc
5、tantD.chary10.Mikes uncle insists on staying in this hotel.（分数：1.00）A.keep upB.break downC.stick toD.bring about11.You cant let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and arrived at a conclusion of what you have read.（分数：1.00）A.come up toB.come acrossC.come aroundD.come up with12.He proposed to
6、her but she turned him down.（分数：1.00）A.shiftedB.refusedC.alteredD.changed13.This multiple-choice test is composed of 40 incomplete statements with several choices to complete them.（分数：1.00）A.is made up ofB.consists inC.makes upD.sets out14.The room was filled with the scent of flowers.（分数：1.00）A.atm
7、osphereB.potC.featureD.odor15.Would you mind keeping an eye on our house for us while were away?（分数：1.00）A.take care ofB.look atC.keep upD.gaze at二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。BBasic Research Vs. Applied Research/BWhy does the Foundation concentrate its suppor
8、t on basic rather than applied research? Basic research is the very heart of science, and its cumulative product is the capital of scientific progress, a capital that must be constantly increased as the demands upon its rise. The goal of basic research is understanding for its own sake. Understandin
9、g of the structure of the atom or the nerve cell, the explosion of a spiral nebula (螺旋星) or the distribution of cosmic dust, the causes of earthquakes and droughts, or of man as a behaving creature and of the social forces that are created whenever two of more human beings come into contact with one
10、 anotherthe scope is staggering, but the commitment to truth is the same. If the commitment were to a particular result, conflicting evidence might be overlooked or, with the best will in the world, simply not appreciated. Moreover, the practical applications of basic research frequently cannot be a
11、nticipated. When Roentgen, the physicist, discovered X-rays, he had no idea of their usefulness to medicine.Applied research, undertaken to solve specific practical problems, has an immediate attractiveness because the results can be seen and enjoyed. For practical reasons, the sums spent on applied
12、 research in any country always far exceed those for basic research, and the proportions are more unequal in the less developed countries. Leaving aside the funds devoted to research by industrywhich is naturally far more concerned with applied aspects because these profits quicklythe funds the U.S.
13、 Government allots to basic research currently amount to about seven percent of its overall research and developments funds. Unless adequate safeguards are provided, applied research invariably tends to drive out basic. Then, so Dr. Waterman has pointed out, development will inevitably be undertaken
14、 prematurely(过早的), career incentives will gravitate strongly toward applied science, and the opportunities for making major scientific discoveries will be lost. Unfortunately, pressures to emphasize new developments, without corresponding emphasis upon pure science. Tend to degrade the quality of th
15、e nations technology in the long run, rather than to improve it.（分数：7.00）(1).X-rays used in medical researches belong to the scope of basic research.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Industry is primarily concerned with applied researches because it can bring immediate profits.（分数
16、：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).The United States Government currently concentrates its support on applied rather than on basic research.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).The Foundation devotes most of its funds to applied research.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong
17、C.C. Not mentioned(5).When Roentgen discovered X-rays he didnt mean to use them in medical researches.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Dr. Waterman is a strong advocate of applied research.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Many scientists think basic research i
18、s more important than applied research.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有?项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为规定段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。BMake a harmless revenge/B1. Revenge is one of those things that everyon
19、e enjoys. People dont like to talk about it, though. Just the same, there is nothing more satisfying or more rewarding than revenge. The purpose is not to harm your victims but to let them know that you are upset about something that they are doing to you. Careful plotting can provide you with relie
20、f from bothersome co-workers, gossiping friends, or nagging family members.2. Co-workers who make comments about the fact that you are always fifteen minutes late for work can be taken care of very simply. All you have to do is get up extra early one day. Before the sun comes up, drive to each co-wo
21、rkers house. Reach under the hood of your co-workers car and disconnect the centre wire that leads to the distributor cap, the car will be unharmed, but it will not start, and your friends at work will all be late for work on the same day. If youre lucky, your boss might notice that you are the only
22、 one there and will give you a raise.3. Gossiping friends at school are also perfect targets for a simple act of revenge. A way to trap either male or female friends is to leave phony (假冒的) messages on their lockers. If the friend that you want to get at is a male, leave message that a certain girl
23、would like him to stop by her house later that day. With any luck, her boyfriend will be there. The girl wont know whats going on, and the victim will be so embarrassed that he probably wont leave his home for a month.4. When Mom and Dad and your sisters and brothers really begin to annoy you, harml
24、ess revenge may be just the way to make them quiet down for a while. The dinner table is a likely place. Just before the meal begins, throw a handful of raisins into the food. Wait about five minutes and, after everyone has begun to eat, cover your mouth with your hand and begin to make odd noises.
25、When they ask you what the matter is point to a raisin (葡萄干) and yell, “Bugs!“ Theyll dump their food in the disposal, jump into the car, and head of McDonalds. That night, youll have your first quiet, peaceful meal in a long time.5. A well-planned revenge does not have to hurt anyone. The object is
26、 simply to let other people know that they are beginning to bother you.A. The purpose of harmless revengeB. What is revengeC. Revenge to the co-workersD. A harmless revenge to your familyE. Giving a lesson to the gossiping friendsF. How to revenge（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragr
27、aph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A harmless revenge is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).As a harmless revenge, you might come first and get a raise by _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The family members dumped their food in the disposal (处置) because _.（分数：1.0
28、0）填空项 1:_(8).In the second example, the girl wasnt _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文，并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BBThe treasure/BLocked away in a vault underneath the presidential palace in Kabul is a priceless treasure which is at
29、the mercy of the American bombardment and the Talebans spite and greed.Art experts want the UN to rescue this 2, 100-year-old hoard of gold antiquities, called the Treasure of Bactria, before it is destroyed or the Tableban melt it down.What is remarkable is that the 20,000 or more gold statues, nec
30、klaces and ornaments set with precious stones have survived for so long in a city scarred by years of war.Rumors swirl around the bazaars of the capital about what the Taleban has done with the treasure, which was excavated from a royal burial site in northern Afghanistan by a Soviet team during the
31、 Soviet Unions occupation. The team described how the 20,000 gold pieces included statues, necklaces, dress ornaments, hairpins and buckles deco rated with precious stones. There were also plaques decorated with jewels and a crown covered in pearls and turquoise.The treasure survived until its excav
32、ation in 1978. After that, the countrys former President Najibullah, sealed it in many trunks and hid them in a vault and protected by a steel door shut by seven locks with keys held by seven different people. At least three of the key holders are now dead, Mr. Najibullah included.Another popular fa
33、ble circulating in Kabul is that the Russians have a duplicate set of the seven keys. Others claim that a traitor team of Soviet troops broke into the vault in the last hours before they abandoned Kabul and replaced some of the treasures with fakes.Now all anyone can say for sure is that the treasur
34、e was last seen and inspected by international archaeologists in 1993. when the safe was opened to clarify rumors that the Afghans had sold it.UNESCO says that it has given the Americans a map so that its bombers can avoid vital cultural sites, which include the vault in the presidential palace and
35、other places, where other museum treasures are stored.There are many in Kabul who say the Taleban have already handed the treasure to Osama Bin Laden. Robert Kluyver, of the Society for the Preservation of Afghanistans Cultural Heritage, was told recently that Bin Laden had arranged for it to be smu
36、ggled across the mountains to Pakistan in March where dealers awaited his orders to sell it.（分数：15.00）(1).What is special about the treasures?（分数：3.00）A.There are many gold ornaments decorated with precious stones.B.These treasures have survived continual wars in such a place.C.These treasures have
37、suffered from American bombing.D.These treasures were found by some military troops.(2).What did the former president do to protect the treasures?（分数：3.00）A.He assigned 7 people to protect 1/7 of them respectively.B.He invited international archaeologists to inspect them.C.He invited Soviet troops t
38、o protect them.D.He hid them in a vault with a steel door with seven locks.(3).What has UNESCO done to protect these treasures?（分数：3.00）A.It has sent international archaeologists to see and inspect them.B.It has persuaded the UN to rescue them.C.It has given the Americans a map so that its bombers c
39、ould avoid them.D.It has sent dealers to wait for Ben Laden to sell them.(4).Where are the treasures now according to the writer?（分数：3.00）A.They have been smuggled to Pakistan by Bin Laden.B.They have been robbed by some Soviet troops.C.They are still locked in a vault in Kabul.D.They have been bomb
40、ed by American bombers.(5).Why were the treasures inspected by international archaeologists in 1993?（分数：3.00）A.To find out if the treasures had been replaced by Soviet troops.B.To prove that the treasures were still there instead of having been sold.C.Because the Afghans wanted to sell these treasur
41、es.D.Because the Afghans wanted to protect these treasures.五、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)BShopping online/BInternet retailer AMAZON. COM on Wednesday released a rare and revealing peek at its customers shopping habits, taken from a September e-mail poll of 2,072 customers of its French, German and United
42、kingdom sites.The company said the research was done in the name of improving customer service. “We have to learn from the nuances and idiosyncrasies of each nations shopping habits to see how we can serve our customers better this Christmas, “said Robin Terrell, managing director of Amazon. co. uk.
43、The findings paint a unique picture of the shopping habits of the worlds largest online retailer, plus their motivation and preferences.For instance, the round-the-clock convenience of e-commerce ranked above price as the prime motivating factor for online shoppers, the company said.And more purchas
44、es are made from home than work. According to the poll results, 31 percent of shoppers plunk down their credit card during work hours, against 67 percent at home or in a home office.The notable exception is Ireland, where 46 percent of shoppers polled do so while at their office desk. The British ar
45、e the second worst offenders, with 40 percent admitting to on-the-job shopping, while the Danes are the most honorable, with one in five making a purchase while on the job.At 53 percent, the majority of Europeans shop in the evenings at home. Austrians and Germans are the most avid night owl shopper
46、s, with 63 percent and 62 percent, respectively, reporting this habit. The Germans, though, are the least likely group to shop online after 10 p. m., the study said.Other findings include: the French and British are most active shoppers with three in 10 visiting e-commerce sites more than 10 times p
47、er month; and the Irish have the greatest concentration of shopaholicsone in ten hit the cybershops more than 20 times a month, twice the European average.In contrast, just 1 percent of Italians polled shop online more than 20 times per month.The least active group are the Dutch, with 25 percent rep
48、orting they shop online once a month or less. But among the senior set, Dutch “silver surfers“Internet users above the age of 50shop online 20 percent of the time, Amazon said.The French, meanwhile, like to get an early and late crack at online shopping with 18 percent logging on after 10 p.m. and 1
49、1 before 10 a. m., the company said.And what about the Swedes? According to the survey, the Swedes are most likely among those polled to buy something they hadnt planned on purchasing.（分数：15.00）(1).What, according to this passage, is the prime motivating factor for online shoppers?（分数：3.00）A.Price.B.Convenience.
