1、职称英语综合类 A级模拟 87及答案解析(总分：110.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：17.00)1.The pressure on her from her family caused her to resort to the drastic measures.（分数：1.00）A.turn toB.keep toC.stick toD.lead to2.The coastal area has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold.（分数：1.00）A.sev
2、ereB.hardC.warmD.dry3.It is strictly prohibited that access to confidential documents is denied to all but a few.（分数：1.00）A.securedB.forbiddenC.regulatedD.determined4.A deadly disease has affected these animals.（分数：1.00）A.contagiousB.seriousC.fatalD.worrying5.My father is a physician .（分数：1.00）A.res
3、earcherB.professorC.doctorD.student6.She only needs a minute amount of money.（分数：1.00）A.certainB.fairC.fullD.small7.If you consider this problem in terms of others“ interest, you may change your view.（分数：1.00）A.because ofB.withC.due toD.according to8.Patricia stared at the other girls with resentmen
4、t .（分数：1.50）A.loveB.surpriseC.doubtD.anger9.They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year.（分数：1.00）A.goodsB.soilC.climateD.harvest10.It is absurd to predict that the sun will not rise tomorrow.（分数：1.50）A.ridiculousB.funnyC.oddD.foolish11.Smoking is not permitted in the
5、office.（分数：1.00）A.probablyB.possibleC.admittedD.allowed12.His claims seem credible to many people.（分数：1.00）A.workableB.convincingC.practicalD.reliable13.These are the motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.excusesC.answersD.replies14.The board of the company has decided to widen its operation to i
6、nclude all aspects of the clothing business.（分数：1.00）A.extendB.enlargeC.expandD.amplify15.We shall keep the money in a secure place.（分数：2.00）A.cleanB.secretC.distantD.safe二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Income TaxFor many young Americans, graduating from college means finding a job, moving out of the dor
7、m room and beginning to register one“s annual earnings with the US government. That last item is the law, though sometimes it“s a hassle (难事) to obey. Independent tax advisor Bob Gilbert calls the US income tax system “amazingly complicated“. But he adds that “very little of the complicated tax law
8、applies to young people who are just beginning their careers“. According to Gilbert, 80 to 90 percent of Americans are not really burdened by the system“s complications. Still, all the numbers and forms can be a little confusing to those who are just starting their careers. Some pull out their calcu
9、lators and try to do the math alone. Some use income tax software. Others just hand the whole responsibility over to tax firms like Gilbert“s. According to income tax law expert Linda Beale, young people will often follow their parents“ lead when filling their income forms. “Young people who grow up
10、 in wealthy households typically use professional tax services because their parents have always done so,“ said Beale, a professor at Wayne State University in Michigan State. “On the other hand, most poorer young people probably try to do their own taxes, unless they want a quick “refund“ with the
11、help of a tax advisor.“ In fact, obeying the law has its benefits. For one, many young people can expect a tax refund. This means that, over the course of the year, they have paid too much in monthly federal or state taxes and are entitled to the difference. Bob Thalman, a 20-year-old university stu
12、dent, expects he will get a refund of about $100, which will probably go in the bank, or perhaps be used to pay for car insurance or credit card bills. Thalman called the whole process a “hassle“, but added that he didn“t want to test the law by not filling his income tax papers. “I“m worried about
13、what would happen if I failed to file,“ he said. “I know one individual who did not report his income tax for many years, and he“s now in federal prison. I certainly don“t want that. “（分数：7.00）(1).A college student with a part-time job is not required to file an income tax form.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wro
14、ngC.Not mentioned(2).The US income tax system does not wholly apply to a college graduate who is just beginning his or her career.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).It“s pretty easy for a beginner to report his or her income tax.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).When young people file
15、 their income tax forms, they will often follow in their parents“ footsteps.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Young people from poorer families needn“t file their income tax forms.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).If one has failed to report his or her income tax for quite a few year
16、s, he or she may be put in prison.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The US income tax system will be simplified in the next few years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：16.00)Gift GivingThere are many occasions(场合)for giving gifts in modern industrialized societ
17、ies, such as birthdays, naming ceremonies, weddings, anniversaries, and New Year. It is common to give gifts on many of these celebrations in western cultures. In addition, special events, such as one“s first day of school or graduation from university, often require gift giving. What is happening w
18、hen we give gifts? Most important, we are exchanging gifts. If someone gives me a gift for my birthday, I know that I am usually expected to give one on his or her next birthday. A gift builds up or confirms a social obligation (义务). Gifts tighten personal relationships and provide a means of commun
19、ication between loved ones. People say that a gift lets the recipient (接受者) know we are thinking of them, and that we want to make the person “feel special“. We want people to feel wanted, to feel part of our social or family group. We give presents to say “I“m sorry“. Sometimes it is difficult for
20、us to find a present that someone will like. Sometimes we give things that we like or would feel comfortable with. In all these cases, the gifts are sending out messagesoften very expressive ones. People tend to talk about presents in a fairly loving way. A woman whose mother had died years ago desc
21、ribed the many gifts around her house. These were gifts that her mother had given her over the years. “I appreciate these, and they mean something to me,“ the woman said, “because I remember the occasions they were given on, and that they were from my mother, and the relationship we“ve had.“ The gif
22、ts remain and keep the relationship alive in mind. This woman felt the same way about the gifts she gave to others. She hoped that the recipients would look at her gifts in years to come. Emotions (情感) like these suggest that a positive spirit still lies behind gift giving. They prove that the anthr
23、opologist Claude Levi-Strauss was wrong to say that modern western gift giving is highly wasteful. Studies in Canada and elsewhere have also shown that this is not the case. Each gift is unique even if so many are given. The emotional benefit for those who exchange gifts is the very reason for the t
24、radition to continue.（分数：16.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1. A. Reason for continuing to give gift B. Memories from gift giving C. Moments and events for gift giving D. Various functions of gift giving E. Gift giving as a wasteful practice F. Gift giving as a two-way social activity（分数：2.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1.（
25、分数：2.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：2.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：2.00）(5).Some special occasions like graduation from university also require 1. Alook for a present that the receipts will like Bgive gifts to others Cgift giving Dthe presents from her mother Epeople shouldn“t receive gifts from others Fit is
26、 wasteful to exchange gifts in western world（分数：2.00）(6).Sometimes it is difficult for people to 1.（分数：2.00）(7).A woman whose mother had died years ago really appreciated 1.（分数：2.00）(8).Claude Levi-Strauss was wrong to say that 1.（分数：2.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Internet-base
27、d InstructionBy almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it“s closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you
28、probably haven“t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country. While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will dif
29、fer, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether. The attraction f
30、or students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there“s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While drop-out rates for all freshmen at Ame
31、rican universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for eCornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of th
32、e online course to be as good as the classroom course. Clearly, from the schools“ perspective, there“s a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or mi
33、nimally upgraded (升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don“t come to campus, the more the school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there“s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course f
34、or a variety of reasons, they won“t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?（分数：3.00）A.All its courses are offered online.B.Its online courses are of the best quality.C.It boasts the largest number of students on camp
35、us.D.Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.(2).According to the passage distance learning is basically characterized by.（分数：3.00）A.a considerable flexibility in its academic requirementsB.the great diversity of students“ academic backgroundsC.a minimum or total absence of face-to-
36、face instructionD.the casual relationship between students and professors(3).Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can _.（分数：3.00）A.earn their academic degrees with much less effortB.save a great deal on traveling and boarding expensesC.select courses from various colleges an
37、d universitiesD.work on the required courses whenever and wherever(4).What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?（分数：3.00）A.There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.B.The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.C.There is no me
38、chanism to ensure that they make the required effort.D.Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.(5).According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of _.（分数：3.00）A.building up their reputationB.cutting down on their expensesC
39、.upgrading their teaching facilitiesD.providing convenience for students六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Deport them or notIn a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come, work and live here? In the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks these questions have never seemed mor
40、e pressing. On Dec. 11, 2001, as part of the effort to increase homeland security, federal and local authorities in 14 states staged “Operation Safe Travel“ -raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification (身份证明). In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests. But those captured were anyth
41、ing but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South America. Authorities said the undocumented workers“ illegal status made them open to blackmail(讹诈)by terrorists. Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated li
42、ke disposable goods. Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent, “We“re saying we want you to work in these places, we“re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when it“s convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of nationa
43、l security, especially after Sept. 11, then you“re disposable. There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons,“ Anderson said. If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone oil quietly living in America, probably indefinite
44、ly. Ana Castro, a manager at a Ben caffeinated coffee has also been associated with lowered risk of cirrhosis (肝硬化) and liver cancer. While many of caffeine“s undesirable effects, such as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, are brief, some short-term benefits, including pain relief, increased al
45、ertness, and increased physical endurance, have also been attributed to caffeine. As a component of numerous over the counter diet pills and pain relievers, caffeine increases their effectiveness and helps the body absorb them more quickly. By constricting (收缩) blood vessels in the brain, it can all
46、eviate headacheseven migraines (偏头痛)and can help counter the drowsiness (眩晕) caused by antihistamines (抗组胺药). Caffeine does not alter the need for sleep, but it does offer a temporary solution to fatigue for people who need to stay alert. Research has shown that sleep deprived individuals who consum
47、ed caffeine had improved memory and reasoning abilities, at least in the short term. Studies of runners and cyclists have shown that caffeine can improve their staminahence its addition to energy boosting sports drinks. People who consume a lot of caffeine regularly may develop temporary withdrawal
48、symptoms, headache being the most common, if they quit or cut back on it abruptly. Fortunately, these symptoms last only a day or two in most cases. Individuals who are more sensitive to the stimulatory side effects of caffeine may want to avoid it, but most doctors agree that the equivalent of thre
49、e cups of coffee a day does not harm healthy people. There is no medical basis to give up daily caffeine and many reasons to include a moderate amount in one“s diet.（分数：15.00）(1).Drinking coffee or tea may help _.（分数：3.00）A.lower the incidence of being overweightB.lower the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancerC.increase the incidence of endometrial cancerD.increase the incidence of liver cancer(2).Caffeine is used to _.（分数：3.00）A.reduce high blood pressureB.relieve headachesC.cure liver cancerD.treat skin cancer(3).Some athletes use caffeine to _.（分数：3.00）A.
