1、职称英语综合类 A 级模拟 66 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.“I am not meddling.“ Mary said mildly , “I“m just curious.“（分数：1.00）A.gentlyB.shylyC.weaklyD.sweetly2.In 1816 it seemed inevitable that Southern states would break away from the Union.（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.certainC.inconsisten
2、tD.proper3.Many of Carson McCuller“s characters are isolated , disappointed people.（分数：1.00）A.solitaryB.gloomyC.feebleD.frugal4.The workers finally called off the strikes.（分数：1.00）A.put offB.endedC.cancelledD.participated in5.John has made up his mind not to go to the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.wantedB.prom
3、isedC.decidedD.agreed6.I catch a cold now and then .（分数：1.00）A.alwaysB.occasionallyC.constantlyD.regularly7.He often finds fault with my work.（分数：1.00）A.criticizesB.praisesC.evaluatesD.talks about8.The little girl grasped her mother“s hand as she crossed the street.（分数：1.00）A.understoodB.had a hold
4、overC.took hold ofD.left hold of9.In the situation comedy, a traditional format for television shows, the same characters appear repeatedly in humorous episodes.（分数：1.00）A.respectivelyB.again and againC.simultaneouslyD.briefly10.The best olive oil is obtained from olives that are harvested just afte
5、r they ripen.（分数：1.00）A.preservedB.squeezedC.sortedD.gathered11.Do not waste time on insignificant points.（分数：1.00）A.interestingB.dullC.unimportantD.boring12.The company issues an annual report every March.（分数：1.00）A.a longB.a yearlyC.a financialD.a product13.As both a religion and a social force, P
6、uritanism has made a widespread influence in the United States.（分数：1.00）A.a far-reachingB.a disturbingC.an annoyingD.a favorable14.When Washington D.C. was burned in 1814, Dollety Madison rescued many official papers from the White House.（分数：1.00）A.stoleB.filedC.hidD.saved15.She was one of the leadi
7、ng writers in her age.（分数：1.00）A.successfulB.majorC.outstandingD.musical二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The First Settlement in North AmericaIt is very difficult to say that when colonization began. The first hundred years after Christopher Columbus“s journey of discovery in 1492 did not produce any set
8、tlement on the North American continent but rather some Spanish trading posts further south, a great interest in gold and adventure, and some colorful crimes in which the English had their part. John Cabot, originally from Genoa but a citizen of Venice, was established as a trader in Bristol, Englan
9、d, when he made a journey in 1497. But his ship, the Matthew, with its crew of eighteen, did no more than see an island (probably off the New England coast) and return home. He and his son made further voyages across the north Atlantic, which enabled the English Crown to claim a “legal“ title to Nor
10、th America. But for a long time afterwards the Europeans“ interest in America was mainly confined to the Spanish activities further south. The first beginning of permanent settlement in North America was nearly a hundred years after Columbus“s first voyage. The Englishman Sir Waiter Raleigh claimed
11、the whole of North America for England, calling it Virginia. In 1585 he sent a small group of people who landed in Roanoke Island, but they stayed only for a year and then went back to England with another expedition, led by Drake, in 1587. A second group who landed in 1587 had all disappeared when
12、a further expedition arrived in 1590. The first permanent settlement in North America was in 1607. English capitalists founded two Virginia companies, a southern one based in London and a northern one based in Bristol. It was decided to give the name New England to the northern area. The first settl
13、ers in Virginia were little more than wage slaves to the company. All were men and the experiment was not very successful. Many died. Those who survived lived in miserable conditions. By 1619 the colony had only a thousand people.（分数：7.00）(1).We know for sure that colonization began at the end of th
14、e 15th century.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Among the early settlers in South America in the 16th century were Spanish traders.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).With John Cabot“s arrival at an island off the New England coast in 1497, the British Crown claimed to be the legal ow
15、ner of North America.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).There were eighteen people on board the Matthew during its voyage to North America in 1497.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The first attempt made by European people to settle down permanently in North America occurred in the 15
16、80s.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The name Virginia was given to North America by Sir Walter Raleigh.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The name New England was given to the northern area of North America by the boss of one of the two Virginia companies.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.No
17、t mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Spacing in Animals1Any observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees. “Flight distance“ is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule,
18、there is a positive relationship between the size of an animal and its flight distancethe larger the animal, the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy. An antelope will flee when the enemy is as much as five hundred yards away. The wall lizard“s flight distance, on the other
19、 hand, is about six feet. Flight is the basic means of survival for mobile creatures. 2Critical distance apparently is present wherever and whenever there is a flight reaction. “Critical distance“ includes the narrow zone separating flight distance from attack distance. A lion in a zoo will flee fro
20、m an approaching man until it meets a barrier that it cannot overcome. If the man continues the approach, he soon penetrates the lion“s critical distance, at which point the cornered lion reverses direction and begins slowly to stalk the man. 3Social animals need to stay in touch with each other. Lo
21、ss of contact with the group can be fatal for a variety of reasons including exposure to enemies. Social distance is not simply the distance at which an animal will lose contact with his groupthat is, the distance at which it can no longer see, hear, or smell the groupit is rather a psychological di
22、stance, one at which the animal apparently begins to feel anxious when he exceeds its limits. We can think of it as a hidden band that contains the group. 4Social distance varies from species to species. It is quite shortapparently only a few yardsamong some animals, and quite long among others. 5So
23、cial distance is not always rigidly fixed but is determined in part by the situation. When the young of apes and humans are mobile but not yet under control of the mother“s voice, social distance may be the length of her reach. This is readily observed among the baboons in a zoo. When the baby appro
24、aches a certain point, the mother reaches out to seize the end of its tail and pull it back to her. When added control is needed because of danger, social distance shrinks. To show this in man, one has only to watch a family with a number of small children holding hands as they cross a busy street.（
25、分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A. Philosophical distance B. Flight distance C. Social distance is determined in part by the situation D. Critical distance E. Social distance F. Physical distance（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).The most appropriate
26、 definition of Flight Distance is 1. A. differs among animal species B. to psychological distance C. begin to attack D. to physiological distance E. distance between an animal and its enemy before fleeing F. distance between certain animal species before fleeing（分数：1.00）(6).If an animal“s critical d
27、istance is penetrated, it will 1.（分数：1.00）(7).According to the passage, social distance refers 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Social distance 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Electronic MailDuring the past few years, scientists all over the world have suddenly found themselves productivel
28、y engaged in task they once spent their lives avoidingwriting, any kind of writing, but particularly letter writing. Encouraged by electronic mail“s surprisingly high speed, convenience and economy, people who never before touched the stuff are regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a gr
29、eat deal of correspondence. Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of scientific communication these days, are the route to colleagues in distant countries, shared data, bulletin boards and electronic journals. Anyone with a personal computer, a modern and the software to link computers over tel
30、ephone lines can sign on. An estimated five million scientists have done so with more joining every day, most of them communicating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the Internet, or net. E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overni
31、ght mail, and of course, land mail. It shrinks time and distance between scientific collaborators, in part because it is conveniently asynchronous (异步的)(Writer can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep; their message will be waiting). If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certai
32、nly accelerating communication. Jeremy Bernstein, the physicist and science writer, once called E-mail the physicist“s umbilical cord (脐带). Later other people, too, have been discovering its connective virtues. Physicists are using it; college students are using it; everybody is using it; and as a s
33、ign that it has come of age, the New Yorker has celebrated its liberating presence with a cartoonan appreciative dog seated at a keyboard, saying happily, “On the Internet, nobody knows you“re a dog.“（分数：15.00）(1).The reasons given below about the popularity of E-mail can be found in the passage exc
34、ept _.（分数：3.00）A.direct and reliableB.time-saving in deliveryC.money-savingD.available at any time(2).How is the Internet or net explained in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight.B.Electronic routes used to read home and international journals.C.Electronic rou
35、tes waiting for correspondence while one is sleeping.D.Electronic routes connected among millions of users home and abroad.(3).What does the sentence “If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication“ most probably mean?（分数：3.00）A.The quick speed of correspondence ma
36、y have ill effects on discoveries.B.Although it does not speed up correspondence, it helps make discoveries.C.It quickens mutual communication even if it does not accelerate discoveries.D.It shrinks time for communication and accelerates discoveries.(4).Why is a dog sitting before a computer keyboar
37、d in a cartoon published by the New Yorkers?（分数：3.00）A.Even dogs are interested in the computer.B.E-mail has become very popular.C.Dogs are liberated from their usual duties.D.E-real deprives dogs of their owners“ love.(5).What will happen to fax, land mail, overnight mail, etc. according to the wri
38、ter?（分数：3.00）A.Their functions cannot be replaced by E-mail.B.They will co-exist with E-mail for a long time.C.Less and less people will use them.D.They will play a supplementary function to E-mail.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)“Salty“ Rice Plant Boosts HarvestsBritish scientists are breeding a new generatio
39、n of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more. Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University“s School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be mad
40、e to grow in water that has become salty. The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with
41、rice. It is estimated that each year more than 10m hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长) plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water ha
42、ve been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. In Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind. Excess salt then enters the plants and pre
43、vents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive. To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in ceils that do not affect the pl
44、ants“ growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use. Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appr
45、opriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?（分数：3.00）A.They are students at S
46、ussex University.B.They are rice breeders.C.They are husband and wife.D.They are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.(2).Flowers and Yeo have started a program _.（分数：3.00）A.to find ways to prevent water pollutionB.to identify genes that promote growth in salty soilC.to breed rice plants
47、that taste saltyD.to find ways to remove excessive salt from soil(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Natural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.B.The water table has gone down after droughts.C.Sea level has been continuousl
48、y rising.D.Evaporation of water leaves salt behind.(4).The word “affect“ in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by _.（分数：3.00）A.“influence“B.“effect“C.“stop“D.“present“(5).The attitude of the author towards the research project is _.（分数：3.00）A.positiveB.negativeC.suspiciousD.indifferent七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数
49、：15.00)PlayPlay is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being. From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys. Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play. To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again. Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child“s development. In re
