1、职称英语综合类 A 级-56 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.She has proved that she can be relied on in a crisis.（分数：1.00）A.lived onB.depended onC.lived offD.believed in2.When she was invited to the party, she readily accepted.（分数：1.00）A.willinglyB.suddenlyC.firmlyD.quickly3.Techniques
2、 to harness the energy of the sun are being developed.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.storeC.utilizeD.receive4.Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.（分数：1.00）A.expressiveB.physicalC.exaggeratedD.dubious5.These are our motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.argumentsC.targetsD.stimul
3、i6.This sort of thing is bound to happen.（分数：1.00）A.sureB.quickC.fastD.swift7.The food is inadequate for ten people.（分数：1.00）A.demandedB.qualifiedC.insufficientD.required8.The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman.（分数：1.00）A.weptB.criedC.ranD.shook9.The river widens considerably as
4、 it begins to turn east.（分数：1.00）A.extendsB.stretchesC.broadensD.traverses10.Silva issued a statement denying all knowledge of the affair.（分数：1.00）A.copiedB.printedC.announcedD.resembled11.We reckoned there was only one man who is fit for the post.（分数：1.00）A.figuredB.discussedC.encounteredD.understo
5、od12.The index is the government“s chief gauge of future economic activity.（分数：1.00）A.methodB.measureC.wayD.manner13.The last car model embodies many new improvements.（分数：1.00）A.consists ofB.includesC.makes upD.marks14.Contact your doctor if the cough persists .（分数：1.00）A.insistsB.perseveresC.contin
6、uesD.resists15.From my standpoint , you know, this thing is just ridiculous.（分数：1.00）A.positionB.point of viewC.knowledgeD.opinion二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Coming Soon to a Theater Near You!What are special effects? Do you enjoy movies that use a lot of special effects? Dinosaurs from the distant
7、past! Space battles from the distant future! There has been a revolution in special effects, and it has transformed the movies we see. The revolution began in the mid-1970s with George Lucas“s Star Wars , a film that stunned (使震惊) audiences. That revolution continues to the present, with dramatic ch
8、anges in special-effects technology. The company behind these changes is Lucas“s Industrial Light some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience. Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before perform
9、ance. “Take two deep abdominal breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,“ she says. “And not one of these “please don“t kill me“ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the audience, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them.“ She doesn“t want perform
10、ers to think of the audience as a judge. Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the root of stage fright, says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve. When Lynn Harrell was 20, he became the principal ce
11、llist of the Cleveland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous. I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where I thought, “If I have to go through this to play music, I think I“
12、m going to look for another job.“ Recovery, he said, involved developing humilityrecognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible, and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster. It is not only young artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz“s nerves were famous.
13、The great tenor Franco Corelli is another example. “They had to push him on stage,“ Soprano Renata Scotto recalled. Actually, success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when you“re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don“t have any expectations,“ Soprano June An
14、derson said. “There“s less to lose. Later on, when you“re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to lose.“ Anderson added, “I never stop being nervous until I“ve sung my last note.“（分数：15.00）(1).How many signs of stage fright are mentioned in the seco
15、nd paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.1.B.2.C.3.D.4.(2).Which of the following is suggested by the experts?（分数：3.00）A.You should deny you are jittery.B.Smile before you step on the stage.C.Keep your excitement all the time.D.Think of the audience as a judge.(3).Lynn Harrell is a _.（分数：3.00）A.musicianB.parentC.tea
16、cherD.pianist(4).According to the passage, what can be included?（分数：3.00）A.Actors and actresses should say “please don“t kill me“ to the audience.B.Extreme demands are the main reason for stage fright.C.Only young artists suffer stage fright.D.When you are successful, you can get rid of stage fright
17、 completely.(5).The passage was written to _.（分数：3.00）A.introduce some famous peopleB.give some advice for playing musicC.offer some information about stage frightD.argue that stage fright is necessary八、第 5 部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Green Space in CitiesWhere do children play? Years ago, any open field
18、, any vacant lot, any group of treesthese were the places where children played. As families left family farms, small towns, and the countryside, and moved into cities, the places for their children to play in became rarer. 1 In fact, all people“s lives change a lot when they move to the city. In ci
19、ties, homes are built on top of one anotherin enormous apartment buildings. The feeling of private space and ownership no longer exists in houses literally piled one on the other. Psychologists have been studying the changes people experience when they leave rural areas and move into urban environme
20、nts. 2 Children can play on paved playgrounds. That“s true. 3 Without grass and trees and bushes and, yes, dirt and mud to get dirty in, children miss an important part of childhood. The human soul, it seems, needs to stay close to its roots. Adults can plant lots of things like bulbs in window boxe
21、s and large containers. 4 The lack of green space is now recognized and understood as a problem. City plannersthe people who design neighborhoodshave begun to work on a solution. They want to build more parks, but land in cities is quite costly. 5 Along rivers, under power lines, near ditches and hi
22、ghwaysthese are the spaces that no one uses and they are everywhere. Why not use these unused spaces for green areas? Neighborhood groups have coordinated their efforts to clean up the trash or garbage. Soil from new building projects in the city has been trucked by lorries into these areas. This so
23、il has been dumped along the sides of rivers, and strong walls have been erected to hold it there. Trees and bushes have been planted; the roots of these plants will hold the soil, too, and the green leaves make the area beautiful. AHowever, they just don“t have as much fun as children in small town
24、s. BChildren in the cities had few options, fewer choices of places to play. CWhy is there no place for children in cities to play? DOne clear finding from their studies is that people need green spaces for better mental health. EHowever, tending window boxes isn“t the same as being an amateur garde
25、ner and growing peas, tomatoes and salad greens in a backyard garden. FSo they look for land that no one else wants.（分数：10.00）九、第 6 部分：完形填空(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Men Smell of Cheese and Women of OnionsLittle girls may be made of sugar and all things nice, but their armpits (腋部) 1 of onions. And while free
26、of slug or snail odours, men“s armpits pack a 2 cheesy whiff. That“s the 3 of research in Switzerland that involved taking armpit sweat samples from 24 men and 25 women after he had 4 time in a sauna or ridden an exercise bike for 15 minutes. The researchers found marked 5 in the sweat from men and
27、women. “Men smell of cheese, and women of grapefruit (葡萄柚) or onion,“ says Christian Starkenmann of Firmenich, a company in Geneva 6 researches flavors and perfumes for food and cosmetics companies. The team 7 that the women“s armpit sweat constrained relatively high levels of an odourless sulphur-c
28、ontainning compound5 milligrams per milliliter of sweat versus 0.5 milligrams in men. When the researchers mixed this compound in the lab with bacteria commonly found in the armpit, the bugs turned it into a thiol (硫醇)a previously discovered odour from armpits that is 8 to onion. “The more sulphur (
29、硫) precursor we 9 , the more intense was the malodour (难闻的 气味，恶臭),“ says Starkenmann, whose team“s results appear in Chemical Senses . Bacterial enzymes (酶) turn the otherwise odourless precursor 10 the malodour. The men, meanwhile, had relatively high levels of an odourless fatty acid which turned
30、into a cheesy odour when 11 to the same types of bacteria. The balance of oniony to cheesy precursors in women“s sweat made it smell worse than men“s as rated by independent smell assessors. Nest; the team hope to develop new ingredients for deodorants that 12 the smells. “We could make inhibitors t
31、hat neutralize the precursors, or block the bacterial enzymes that do the conversion,“ says Starkenmann. Some researchers are skeptical that gender is the main deciding factor, 13 that the patterns found in Swiss volunteers might not apply to other populations with different diets and genetic backgr
32、ound. “Other factors 14 what you eat, what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you 15 ,“ says Tim Jacob of Cardiff University in the U.K.（分数：15.00）A.eatB.thinkC.smellD.drinkA.beautifulB.freshC.longD.powerfulA.studyB.conclusionC.projectD.experimentA.spentB.takenC.offeredD.suggestedA.similarit
33、iesB.qualitiesC.differencesD.evidencesA.thatB.whatC.in whichD.whereA.saidB.arguedC.foundD.presentedA.differentB.akinC.necessaryD.normalA.addedB.gotC.controlledD.drewA.ofB.forC.intoD.withA.acceptedB.disputedC.supportedD.exposedA.fightB.startC.receiveD.leaveA.creatingB.arguingC.recordingD.writingA.ask
34、B.giveC.includeD.learnA.buyB.inheritC.standD.distinguish职称英语综合类 A 级-56 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.She has proved that she can be relied on in a crisis.（分数：1.00）A.lived onB.depended on C.lived offD.believed in解析：解析 本句意思：她已经证明在危机时刻自己是可以被依赖的。rely on 意为“依赖，依靠”，与 depend on(
35、依靠，依赖)意思相近。live on 靠生活；live off 靠生活；believe in 对有信心。2.When she was invited to the party, she readily accepted.（分数：1.00）A.willingly B.suddenlyC.firmlyD.quickly解析：解析 本句意思：当她被邀请参加这次聚会的时候，她很乐意地接受了。readily 意为“乐意地”，与 willingly(乐意地)意思相近。suddenly 突然地；firmly 坚固地，坚定地；quickly 迅速地。3.Techniques to harness the en
36、ergy of the sun are being developed.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.storeC.utilize D.receive解析：解析 本句意思：太阳能利用技术正在开发当中。harness 意为“利用”，与 utilize(利用)意思相近。convert 转换；store 储存；receive 接收，收到。4.Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.（分数：1.00）A.expressiveB.physical C.exaggeratedD.dubious解析：解析 本
37、句意思：即使在高度现代化的国家，体力劳动仍然是必要的。manual 意为“手的，体力的”，与 physical(身体的，体力的)意思相近。expressive 富于表情的；exaggerated 夸张的；dubious怀疑的。5.These are our motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasons B.argumentsC.targetsD.stimuli解析：解析 本句意思：这就是我们做这件事的动机。motive 意为“动机，原因”，与 reason(理由)意思相近。argument 论据；target 目标；stimulus 刺激。6.This sor
38、t of thing is bound to happen.（分数：1.00）A.sure B.quickC.fastD.swift解析：解析 本句意思：这种事肯定会发生。bound 意为“必然的”，与 sure(必定的)意思相近。quick迅速的；fast 快速的；swift 敏捷的。7.The food is inadequate for ten people.（分数：1.00）A.demandedB.qualifiedC.insufficient D.required解析：解析 本句意思：这些食物不够十个人吃。inadequate 意为“不充足的，不适当的”，与insufficient(
39、不足的)意思相近。demanded 被要求的；qualified 合格的；required 必需的。8.The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman.（分数：1.00）A.weptB.criedC.ranD.shook 解析：解析 本句意思：这些孩子看到警察就吓得发抖。tremble 意为“颤抖”，与 shake(摇动，颤抖)意思相近。weep 哭泣；cry 哭；run 跑。9.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn east.（分数：1.00）A.exten
40、dsB.stretchesC.broadens D.traverses解析：解析 本句意思：河道向东拐的时候变得相当宽。widen 意为“变宽，加宽”，与 broaden(变宽，扩大)意思相近。extend 延伸，延长；stretch 舒展，延伸；traverse 穿过，横贯。10.Silva issued a statement denying all knowledge of the affair.（分数：1.00）A.copiedB.printedC.announced D.resembled解析：解析 本句意思：Silva 发表声明，否认了解那件事情。issue 意为“发布”，与 an
41、nounce(宣布，声明)意思相近。copy 复制；print 印刷；resemble 和相似。11.We reckoned there was only one man who is fit for the post.（分数：1.00）A.figured B.discussedC.encounteredD.understood解析：解析 本句意思：我们认为只有一个人适合这个岗位。reckon 意为“认为”，与 figure(认为)意思相近。discuss 讨论；encounter 遭遇；understand 理解。12.The index is the government“s chief
42、gauge of future economic activity.（分数：1.00）A.methodB.measure C.wayD.manner解析：解析 本句意思：这个指标是政府对未来经济活动的主要衡量标准。gauge 意为“衡量标准”，与 measure(衡度)意思相近。method 方法；way 方法；manner 礼貌。13.The last car model embodies many new improvements.（分数：1.00）A.consists ofB.includes C.makes upD.marks解析：解析 本句意思：最后一个汽车模型有许多新的改进。emb
43、ody 意为“显示，包含”，与include(包括)意思相近。consist of 由组成；make up 组成；mark 标志。14.Contact your doctor if the cough persists .（分数：1.00）A.insistsB.perseveresC.continues D.resists解析：解析 本句意思：如果你咳嗽还不好，那就联系你的医生吧。persist 意为“持续”，与continue(持续)意思相近。insist 坚持主张；persevere 坚持；resist 反抗，挺住。15.From my standpoint , you know, thi
44、s thing is just ridiculous.（分数：1.00）A.positionB.point of view C.knowledgeD.opinion解析：解析 本句意思：你知道的，在我看来这件事比较可笑。from one“s standpoint 意为“根据某人的观点”，与 from one“s point of view(依某人的观点)意思相近。position 位置，立场；knowledge知识；in one“s opinion 据某人看来。二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Coming Soon to a Theater Near You!What
45、are special effects? Do you enjoy movies that use a lot of special effects? Dinosaurs from the distant past! Space battles from the distant future! There has been a revolution in special effects, and it has transformed the movies we see. The revolution began in the mid-1970s with George Lucas“s Star
46、 Wars , a film that stunned (使震惊) audiences. That revolution continues to the present, with dramatic changes in special-effects technology. The company behind these changes is Lucas“s Industrial Light some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply fo
47、r the experience. Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before performance. “Take two deep abdominal breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,“ she says. “And not one of these “please don“t kill me“ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the audience, people
48、you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them.“ She doesn“t want performers to think of the audience as a judge. Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the root of stage fright, says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to de
49、mand only what their students are able to achieve. When Lynn Harrell was 20, he became the principal cellist of the Cleveland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous. I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where I thought, “If I have to go through this to play music, I think I“m going to look for another job.“ Recovery, he said, involved developing humilityrecognizing that whatever his tale
