1、职称英语综合类 A 级-54 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The company takes environmental issues into account wherever possible.（分数：1.00）A.computationB.considerationC.calculationD.assessment2.American young people find the transition into adulthood easy to face.（分数：1.00）A.changeB.del
2、iveryC.transferD.transfusion3.Only his relatives knew he had a fatal illness.（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.deadlyC.seriousD.unknown4.Einstein“s Theory of Relativity was so profound that only a few scientists could understand it.（分数：1.00）A.deepB.superiorC.wideD.narrow5.He becomes famous for his coverage of sig
3、nificant events during the war.（分数：1.00）A.usageB.baggageC.reportageD.orphanage6.It was a(n) inevitable consequence of the decision.（分数：1.00）A.inconsistentB.properC.certainD.strange7.The decoration of the palace amazes the visitors with its gorgeous furniture.（分数：1.00）A.ridiculousB.lovelyC.peculiarD.
4、magnificent8.When he got out of the manager“s office, from his facial expression we knew that his proposal must have been turned down .（分数：1.00）A.refusedB.acceptedC.adoptedD.denied9.The police had to restrain the prisoners from escaping.（分数：1.00）A.preventB.reduceC.disallowD.confine10.Our plan is to
5、allocate one member of staff to handle appointments.（分数：1.00）A.assignB.persuadeC.askD.order11.The gangster disappears into the crowd.（分数：1.00）A.politiciansB.musiciansC.industrialistsD.violent criminals12.In order to improve our standard of living, we have to accelerate production.（分数：1.00）A.step upB
6、.decreaseC.stopD.control13.I must have been insane to agree to his idea.（分数：1.00）A.reasonableB.crazyC.sensibleD.unbelievable14.She“s been deliberately ignoring him all day.（分数：1.00）A.sufficientlyB.noticeablyC.intentionallyD.absolutely15.A lamp was suspended from the ceiling.（分数：1.00）A.heldB.hookedC.
7、hiddenD.hung二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Fat Problem That Men FaceIt is a pleasure to see men of a certain age worrying about their weight. Listening to them is not such a pleasure. Because the men are new at the game, they don“t hesitate to discuss the fat problem incessantly. However, women of
8、the same age do not discuss the fat problem, especially not in mixed company. They prefer to face the problem with quiet dignity. Discussing the problem might only draw attention to some stray body part that may be successfully tucked away under an article of clothing. The age at which a man begins
9、to explore the fat problem can vary. The actual problem can manifest itself in the early 30“s, but broad-range discussion usually starts later. There are early nonverbal symptoms. I“ve watched the rugged journalist who shares my apartment sneak by with a Diet Coke. His shirts are no longer neatly tu
10、cked in to display a trim waist. Recently he has begun to verbalize his anxiety. He tells me, with a sheepish grin, that he is taking his suits to Chinatown to have them “tailored“. Still older men have lost their dignity and rattle on unabashedly. Often wives and children play important roles in th
11、eir fat-inspection rituals. Take my oldest brother, a former college football player, as an example. His daughter says that several times a day he will stand at attention and call out, “Fat, medium or thin?“ She knows the correct answer: medium. Thin would be an obvious stretch, and fat may not get
12、her that new video. According to his wife, he stands in front of the mirror in the morning (before the day“s meals take their toll), puts his hands behind his head and lurches into a side bend, then clutches the roll that has developed and says, “Am I getting fatter?“ His wife is expected to answer,
13、 “You look like you may have lost a few pounds.“ And then there are the ex-husbands a pitiful group. They are extremely vocal. When I go to the movies with one, he confides that he is suffering from great hunger because he is dieting. He hasn“t eaten since the pancakes and sausages he wolfed down th
14、at morning. He pauses in his monologue while he buys his popcorn. After the movie, we sprint to a restaurant, where he again pauses to devour a basket of bread. Before he orders his chaste salad and soup, he grows plaintive. Do I think he“s fat?（分数：7.00）(1).Men of a certain age are always ready to t
15、alk about their fat problem.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Women of a certain age do not discuss the fat problem, especially in the presence of men.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Men usually begin to worry about their weight when they are nearly 40.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not
16、mentioned(4).The journalist used to drink Diet Coke and tuck his shirts in order to keep trim.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Men older than the journalist never hesitate to talk about their fat problem yet would be displeased if their family members tell them the truth.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.W
17、rongC.Not mentioned(6).My oldest brother“s daughter would not tell her father he is fat because she loves him so much that she cannot bear to upset him.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The ex-husbands are pitiful because they have got no wives to sympathize with their fat problem.（分数：1.00）A
18、.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)How to Get Along Well with Your Boss1 Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss“s secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss“s secretary,
19、 there are keys to timing: don“t approach the boss when he“s on deadline, don“t go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed, don“t go in just before or after he has taken a vacation. 2 If you“re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first, and don“t let a particu
20、lar concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then maybe he will dismiss you. 3 Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is
21、the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it. 4 Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can“t put forward an immediate soluti
22、on, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can“t get past the secretary. 5 To deal effectively with a boss, it“s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position o
23、f being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 AKeep Your Voice Low All the Time BPut Yourself in the Boss“s Position CPropose Your Solution DDon“t Go In When You Are Angry EMake the Issue Clear FNever Give In（
24、分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first 1. Ato give the boss your advice Bhow he is feeling Cthe boss may have Dwhat you really want to talk to him about Ewithout suggesting
25、a way to solve it Fhow unhappy you are（分数：1.00）(6).It is necessary to make clear to the boss 1.（分数：1.00）(7).It is not wise to present the boss with a problem 1.（分数：1.00）(8).You must be considerate and think of the troubles 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Older Volcanic Er
26、uptionsVolcanoes were more destructive in ancient history, not because they were bigger, but because the carbon dioxide they released wiped out life with greater ease. Paul Wignall from the University of Leeds was investigating the link between volcanic eruptions and mass extinctions. Not all volcan
27、ic eruptions killed off large numbers of animals, but all the mass extinctions over the past 300 million years coincided with huge formations of volcanic rock. To his surprise, the older the massive volcanic eruptions were, the more damage they seemed to do. He calculated the “killing efficiency“ fo
28、r these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava (熔岩) that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals. The Permian (二叠纪) extinction, for example, which hap
29、pened 250 million years ago, is marked by floods of volcanic rock in Siberia that cover an area roughly the size of western Europe. Those volcanoes are thought to have pumped out about 10 gigatonnes of carbon as carbon dioxide. The global warming that followed wiped out 80 percent of all marine gene
30、ra (种类) at the time, and it took 5 million years for the planet to recover. Yet 60 million years ago, there was another huge amount of volcanic activity and global warming but no mass extinction. Some animals did disappear but things returned to normal within ten thousand of years. “The most recent
31、ones hardly have an effect at all,“ Wignall says. He ignored the extinction which wiped out the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, because many scientists believe it was primarily caused by the impact of an asteroid (小行星). He thinks that older volcanoes had more killing power because more recent life f
32、orms were better adapted to dealing with increased levels of CO 2 . Vincent Courtillot, director of the Paris Geophysical Institute in France, says that Wignall“s idea is provocative. But he says it is incredibly hard to do these sorts of calculations. He points out that the killing power of volcani
33、c eruptions depends on how long they lasted. And it is impossible to tell whether the huge blasts lasted for thousands or millions of years. He also adds that it is difficult to estimate how much lava prehistoric volcanoes produced, and that lava volume may not necessarily correspond to carbon dioxi
34、de emissions.（分数：15.00）(1).Why did older volcanic eruptions do more damage than more recent ones?（分数：3.00）A.Because they killed off life more easily.B.Because they were brighter.C.Because they were larger.D.Because they were hotter.(2).How did Wignall calculate the killing power of those older volca
35、nic eruptions?（分数：3.00）A.By estimating how long they lasted.B.By counting the dinosaurs they killed.C.By studying the chemical composition of lava.D.By comparing the proportion of life wiped out with the volume of lava produced.(3).When did dinosaurs become extinct?（分数：3.00）A.300 million years ago.B
36、.250 million years ago.C.60 million years ago.D.65 million years ago.(4).What can be inferred from Paragraph 3 concerning dinosaurs?（分数：3.00）A.They were killed off by an asteroid.B.They died of drastic climate change.C.They were wiped off by a volcanic eruption.D.The cause of their extinction has re
37、mained a controversial issue.(5).What is the main thesis of the article?（分数：3.00）A.Volcanic eruptions are not always deadly.B.Older volcanic eruptions are more destructive.C.Carbon dioxide emissions often give rise to global warming.D.It is not easy to calculate the killing power of a volcanic erupt
38、ion.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)US Blacks Hard-hit by CancerDeath rates for cancer are falling for all Americans, but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites, the American Cancer Society said Monday. In a special report on cancer and blacks, the organization said blacks are usual
39、ly diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease. This could be because of unequal access to medical care, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases like diabetes as well, and perhaps because of differences in the biology of the cancer itself, th
40、e report added. “In general, African Americans have less likelihood of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and all stages of diagnosis,“ the report said. “In describing cancer statistics for African Americans, this report recognizes that socioeconomic disparities an
41、d unequal access to medical care may underlie many of the differences associated with race.“ The Cancer Society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups earlier, when cancer is more treatable, and it said more research was needed to see if biological differences play a role. “The new statis
42、tics emphasize the continuing importance of eliminating these social disparities through public policy and education efforts,“ the organization said in a statement. But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates. “Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have declined substantially am
43、ong African Americans since 1992, as have incidence rates,“ said the report. “Increased efforts to improve economic conditions in combination with education about the relationship of lifestyle choices to cancer could further reduce the burden of cancer among African Americans.“ About 36 million Amer
44、icans describe themselves as black, representing about 12 percent of the population.（分数：15.00）(1).Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than _.（分数：3.00）A.people in other countriesB.white AmericansC.all other AmericansD.their ancestors(2).Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death r
45、ates among US blacks?（分数：3.00）A.Unequal access to medical care.B.Greater probability of having other diseases.C.Differences in the biology of the cancer.D.Early diagnosis.(3).Cancer is more treatable if it is detected _.（分数：3.00）A.in an early stageB.together with other diseasesC.during check-upsD.in
46、 elderly people(4).Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with _.（分数：3.00）A.death ratesB.various cancersC.unfair social differencesD.biological differences(5).Since 1992, cancer death rates among black Americans _.（分数：3.00）A.have been going up and downB.have remained stableC.have in
47、creasedD.have fallen七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Save PandasWith the Switzerland-based World Wildlife Fund (WWF), China is making a concerted and dedicated effort to save the endangered pandas. The results, officials here in Chengdu indicate, are mixed but encouraging. A clear disappointment is the failure
48、to breed pandas in captivity, necessary if their decreasing numbers are to be replaced. Another failure has been the incapability to find a natural, readily available food to replace the arrow bamboo. Despite these failures, success has come on two fronts. One achievement has been the physical rescu
49、e effort. Some pandas have been kept alive by salting (空投) the mountains with tons of cooked meat, which pandas will eat as a substitute for bamboo, and by the planting of new bamboo in isolated areas. Animals in some Sichuan areas have been rescued by local peasants and given emergency treatment by animal doctors. A second achievement is a massive fund-raising effort. Publicity about the pandas plight has resulted in a new $100,000 emergency allocation by the WWF and independent fund drives both in China and abroad. In spite of this support, there have been con
