1、职称英语综合类 A级-49 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.These are their Umotives/U for doing it. A. reasons B. excuses C. answers D. plans（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Its an Uadvisable/U idea to get out of the dispute. A. wise B. urgent C. useless D. proper（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.Take Uvigorous/
2、U exercise for several hours a week. A. energetic B. physical C. regular D. free（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The river Uwidens/U considerably as it begins to turn west. A. twists B. stretches C. broadens D. bends（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Everybody is aware of the Uhazards/U of smoking. A. evidence B. danger C. case
3、D. picture（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.This text is too difficult to Ucomprehend/U. A. understand B. digest C. summarize D. read（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.Henry cannot resist the Ulure/U of drugs. A. abuse B. flavor C. temptation D. consumption（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.His department will Umerge/U with mine. A. combine B. s
4、ell C. close D. break（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The benefits are Uimmense/U. A. immediate B. great C. equal D. moderate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.But Udecent/U, affordable accommodation for new city residents is thin on the ground. A. private B. general C. good D. special（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.The room was Ufurnished
5、/U with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table. A. supplied B. gathered C. grasped D. made（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.These programmes are of Uenormous/U value to old people. A. natural B. fatal C. tiny D. immense（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.He emphasized Ua feasible/U plan which can be accepted by the
6、 both sides. A. favorable B. possible C. formal D. genuine（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.When does the next train Udepart/U? A. pull up B. pull down C. pull out D. pull in（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Because Uadministering/U the whole company, he sometimes has to work around the clock. A. adjusting B. evaluating C. eng
7、aging D. managing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)FoodIrradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Fe
8、deral approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some
9、 people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food safety standards, and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the
10、 equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of i
11、rradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiationgamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X raysand sets limits on
12、doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different
13、doses of radiation.（分数：7.00）(1).According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is not completely approved by the US government. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).There are quite a number of food processors which are interested in producing
14、 irritated foods. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods and suggest a more severe government inspection be taken. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Some companies foresee the promising future of setti
15、ng up food processing factories, although they do not see the need now. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It is required that labels placed on irradiated food or nearby bulk items such as vegetables and fruits should indicate irradiated ingredients. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not ment
16、ioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).The passage tells us that FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted. A. Right B.
17、 Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Magic Io Personal Digital Pen1. Check out the io Personal Digital Pen launched by Logitech: Its a magic pen that can store everything you write and transfer it to your computer. And you dont have to lug a hand held device a
18、long with you for it to work.2. Logitechs technology works like this: The pen writes normally, using normal ballpoint pen ink. But while you are writing, a tiny camera inside the pen is also taking 100 snapshots per second of what you are doing, mapping your writing via a patchwork of minute dots pr
19、inted on the paper. All this informationthe movement of your pen on the paper, basicallyis then stored digitally inside the pen, whether you are writing notes or drawing complex diagrams. You can store up to 40 pages worth of doodles in the pens memory. As far as you are concerned, you are just usin
20、g a normal pen.3. It is only when you drop the pen into its PC-connected cradle that the fun begins. Special software on your PC will figure out what you have done, and begin to download any documents you have written since the last time it was there. Depending on whether you have ticked certain box
21、es on the special notepad, it can also tell whether the document is destined to be an e-mail, a “to do“ task, or a diagram to be inserted into a word processing document. Once the documents are downloaded you can view them, print them out or convert them to other formats.4. The io Personal Digital P
22、en is a neat and simple solution to the problem of storing, sharing and retrieving handwritten notes, as well as for handling diagrams, pictures and other non-text doodling. You dont have to carry a laptop along with you. All you have to do is just whip out the pen and the special paper and you are
23、off.5. It is a great product because it does not force you to work differentlywalking around with a screen strapped to your arm, or carrying with you extra bits and pieces. The pen is light and works like a normal pen if you need it to, while the special notepads look and feel like notepads. The onl
24、y strange looks will be from people who are curious why you are writing with a cigar.6. The io Personal Digital Pen also has potential elsewhere. FedEx, for example, is introducing a version of the pen so that customers can fill out forms by handinstead of punching letters into cumbersome devices. O
25、nce that data is digital more or less anything can be done with ittransferring it wirelessly to a central computer, for example, or via a hand phone. Doctors could transmit their prescriptions directly to pharmacies, reducing fraud: policemen could send their reports back to the station, reducing pa
26、perwork.A. Friendly and Convenient DeviceB. Ways to Download the Stored InformationC. Examples of Other Potential Applications of the Io PenD. Customers Passion for the Io PenE. FedEx the First User of the Io PenF. Working Principle of the Io Personal Digital Pen（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空
27、项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 6 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).There is no need to learn how to use the io Personal Digital Pen because _. A. you dont have to carry your laptop along B. the information will be shown digitally on the pen C. FedEx has speci
28、al software to store your information D. it works like an ordinary pen E. you simply place the pen into its computer connected cradle F. the movement of your pen is recorded digitally inside the pen（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).If you want to download what you have done with the magic pen, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(
29、7).The magic pen is particularly convenient when you work away from home or office because _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).No matter what you write or draw, _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Why Dont Babies Talk Like Adults?Over the past half century, scientists have sett
30、led on two reasonable theories related to baby talk. One states that a young childs brain needs time to master language, in the same way that it does to master other abilities such as physical movement. The second theory states that a childs vocabulary level is the key factor. According to this theo
31、ry, some key steps have to occur in a logical sequence before sentence formation occurs. Childrens mathematical knowledge develops in the same way.In 2007, researchers at Harvard University, who were studying the two theories, found a clever way to test them. More than 20,000 internationally adopted
32、 children enter the US each year. Many of them no longer hear their birth language after they arrive, and they must learn English more or less the same way infants dothat is, by listening and by trial and error. International adoptees dont take classes or use a dictionary when they are learning thei
33、r new tongue and most of them dont have a well developed first language. All of these factors make them an ideal population in which to test these competing hypotheses about how language is learned.Neuroscientists Jesse Snedeker, Joy Geren and Carissa Shafto studied the language development of 27 ch
34、ildren adopted from China between the ages of two and five years. These children began learning English at an older age than US natives and had more mature brains with which to tackle the task. Even so, just as with American born infants, their first English sentences consisted of single words and w
35、ere largely bereft (缺乏的) of function words, word endings and verbs. The adoptees then went through the same stages as typical American born children, though at a faster clip. The adoptees and native children started combing words in sentences when their vocabulary reached the same sizes, further sug
36、gesting that what matter is not how old you are or how mature your brain is, but the number of words you know.This findingthat having more mature brains did not help the adoptees avoid the toddler-talk stagesuggests that babies speak in baby talk not because they have baby brains, but because they h
37、ave only just started learning and need time to gain enough vocabulary to be able to expand their conversations. Before long, the one-word stage will give way to the two-word stage and so on. Learning how to chat like an adult is a gradual process.But this potential answer also raises an even older
38、and more difficult question. Adult immigrants who learn a second language rarely acheive the same proficiency in a foreign language as the average child raised as a native speaker. Researchers have long suspected there is a “critical period“ for language development, after which it cannot proceed wi
39、th full success to fluency. Yet we still do not understand this critical period or know why it ends.（分数：15.00）(1).What is the writers main purpose in Paragraph 2? A. To reject the view that adopted children need two languages. B. To argue that culture affects the way children learn a language. C. To
40、 give reasons why adopted children were used in the study. D. To justify a particular approach to language learning.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Snedeker, Geren and Shafto based their study on children who _. A. were finding it difficult to learn English B. were learning English at a later age than US child
41、ren C. had come from a number of language backgrounds D. had taken English lessons in China（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What aspect of the adopted childrens language development differed from that of US born children? A. The rate at which they acquired language. B. Their first words. C. The way they learnt
42、English. D. The point at which they started producing sentences.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the Harvard finding show? A. Not all toddlers use babytalk. B. Some children need more conversation than others. C. Language learning takes place in ordered steps. D. Not all brains work in the same way.（分
43、数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).When the writer says “critical period“, he means a period when _. A. studies produce useful results B. adults need to be taught like children C. language learning takes place effectively D. immigrants want to learn another language（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)DNA Finge
44、rprintingDNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things. In mammals (哺乳动物) the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called chromosomes (染色体). With the exception of identical twins, the complete DNA of each individual is unique.DNA fingerprinting is sometimes call
45、ed DNA typing. It is a method of identification that compares bits of DNA. A DNA fingerprint is constructed by first drawing out a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid such as hair, blood, or saliva (唾液). The sample is then segmented using enzymes (酶), and the segments are arranged by size. The segm
46、ents are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film, where they form a pattern of black bars the DNA fingerprint. If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match, the two samples probably came from the same person.DNA fingerprinting was first developed as an identification techni
47、que in 1985. Originally used to detect the presence of genetic diseases, it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs. The first criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988. In criminal investigations, DNA fingerprints derived from evidence
48、 collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA fingerprints of suspects. Generally, courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test results into evidence. However, DNA fingerprinting is controversial in a number of areas: the accuracy of the results, the cost of testing, and the possibl
