1、职称英语综合类 A级-41 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The high speed trains can have a major impact on our lives.A. effort B. problem C. concern D. influence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.The local authorities will take measures to deal with noise pollution in the area.A. power B. controlC. le
2、arning D. government（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The book provides a concise analysis of the countrys history.A. clean B. perfectC. real D. brief（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The movie has a satisfying ending.Apleasing BsadCinteresting Dhorrific（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Its a gorgeous day anyway.A. lovely B. coldC. normal D. r
3、ainy（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.I rarely wear a raincoat because I spend most of my time in a carA. normallyB. seldomC. frequentlyD. usually（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The boy is intelligent.A. clever B. naughtyC. difficult D. active（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.She was a puzzle.A. girl B. womanC. problem D. mystery（分数：1.00）A.B
4、.C.D.9.The book made a great impact on its readers. A. force B. influence C. surprise D. power（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Many city dwellers are turning vacant lots into thriving gardens.A. costly B. empty C. small D. shady（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Will you please call my husband as soon as possible?A. contact B.
5、 consultC. phone D. visit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The farmers also want to use the water to irrigate the barren land.A. empty B. hairless C. smooth D. bare（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.A. amazed B. amountedC. amused D. approached（分数：1.00）A.B.
6、C.D.14.Choreographer Twyla Tharp uses familiar dance movements in original ways to create works filled with clever gestures and abrupt changes in motion and mood.Agraceful Bcreative Csudden Ddramatic（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Its prudent to start any exercise program gradually at first.A. workable B. sensi
7、bleC. possible D. feasible（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)TV Games ShowsOne of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the best sellers list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewer
8、s. TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight.This is the principle behind quiz or game shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create
9、 problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U.S. and almost everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that
10、 Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the person who won the game, they would turn the show off. Based on his story, a movie under the
11、 title Quiz Show is on 40 years later.Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But game shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause
12、newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.（分数：7.00）(1).TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight.A. R
13、ight B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).The principle behind quiz or game shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).Prizes and money are usually provided by TV stars and large companies for winners.A. Right
14、 B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Shows producers to give him the answers beforehand.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).The huge scandal of cheating in TV games shows was not expos
15、ed until 40 years later in the movie Quiz Show.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Winners of present-day TV shows no longer get money from the shows.A. Right B.
16、Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Keeping Cut Flowers1 While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible. This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.2 An important thing to remember abo
17、ut cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature. For example, studies have shown that cut carnations (康乃馨) retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12 than when kept at 26. Keeping freshly. harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of fl
18、ower care.3 Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long. Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination (授粉). After that, they quickly dry up and die. The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), called respira
19、tion (呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and colour. The making of seeds also depends on this energy. While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration. A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative t
20、o the mass of the flower is very high. Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower. Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.4 How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration. How is respiration controlled? By. controlli
21、ng temperature. We know that respiration produces heat, but the reverse is also true. Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.5 Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed. Flowers find
22、it difficult to “drink“ water that is dirty or otherwise polluted. Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers. To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach (含氯漂白剂) can be used in small quantities.
23、It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach (at 4% solution) be added to each litre of water. The water and solution should also be replaced each day.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2_A. Control of RespirationB. Beauty of Fresh Cut FlowersC. Role of RespirationD. Most Important Aspect of Flower CareE.
24、 Need for Clean WaterF. Ways of Stopping Respiration（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers_A. by keeping its original shape and colourB. in the life of cut flowersC. to prod
25、uce carbon dioxideD. for as long as possibleE. by controlling temperatureF. to replace the water and solution every day（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Respiration plays a key role_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Another important way to prolong the life of cut
26、 flowers is_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Effects of Environmental PollutionIf pollution continues to increase at the present rate, formation of aerosols (浮质) in the atmosphere will cause the onset (开始) of an ice age in about fifty years time. This conclusion reache
27、d by Dr S. I. Rasoo1 and Dr S. H. Scheider of the United States Goddard Space Flight Center, answer the apparently conflicting questions of whether an increase in the carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) content of the atmosphere will cause the Earth warm up or increasing the aerosol question is dominant.Two spect
28、ers haunting conservationists have been the prospect that environmental pollution might lead to the planets becoming unbearably hot or cold. One of these ghosts has now been laid, because it seems that even an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to eight times its present valu
29、e will produce an increase in temperature of only 2, which would take place over several thousand years. But the other problem now looms larger than ever.Aerosols are collection of small liquid or solid particles dispersed in air or some other medium. The particles are all so tiny that each is compo
30、sed of only a few hundred atoms. Because of this they can float in the air for a very long time. Perhaps the most commonly experienced aerosol is industrial smog (烟雾) of the kind that plagued London in the 1950s and is an even greater problem in Los Angeles today. These collections of aerosols refle
31、ct the Suns heat and thereby cause the Earth to cool.Dr Rasoo1 and Dr Schneider have calculated the exact effect of a dust aerosol layer just above the Earths surface in the temperature of the planet. As the layer builds up, the present delicate balance between the amount of heat absorbed from the S
32、un and the amount radiated from the Earth is disturbed. The aerosol layer not only reflects much of the Suns light but also transmits the infrared (红外线) radiation from below. So, while the heat input to surface drops, the loss of heat remains high until the planet cools to a new balanced state.Withi
33、n fifty years, if no steps are taken to stop the spread of aerosols in the atmosphere, a cooling of the Earth by as much as 3.5C seems inevitable. If that lasts for only a few years it would start another ice age, and because the growing ice caps at each pole would themselves reflect much of the Sun
34、s radiation it would probably continue to develop even if the aerosol layer were destroyed.The only bright spot in this gloomy forecast lies in the hope expressed by Dr Rasoo1 and Dr Schneider that nuclear powder may replace fossil fuels in time to prevent the aerosol content of atmosphere from beco
35、ming critical.（分数：15.00）(1).The authors main purpose in writing the article is to warn of_.A. warm weatherB. hot weatherC. a new ice ageD. a new iceberg（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The word “specters“ in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _.A. “pollution“B. “carbon dioxide“C. “aerosols“D. “ghosts
36、/（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).We learn from the third paragraph that_.A. London was plagued with rats in the 1950s.B. London is covered with smog today.C. London was polluted by smog in the 1950s.D. Los Angeles is as heavily polluted today as London was in the 1950s.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What will happen if
37、the dust aerosol layer develops?A. The earth will get extremely hot.B. The balance between the amount of heat absorbed from the Sun and the amount lost could hardly be maintained.C. The light of the Sun could no longer reach the surface of the Earth.D. Infrared radiation could no longer be transmitt
38、ed from the Earth to outer space.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The only way to stop the spread of aerosols in the atmosphere, according to Dr Rasool and Dr Schneider, is to use_.A. fossil fuelsB. electric powerC. nuclear energyD. coal power（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Kobe BryantAfter 10 seasons wea
39、ring the No. 8 on his back, Kobe Bryant will become No. 24 next season. The reason for the surprising decision by the Los Angeles Lakers super guard last week has become a hot topic for debate.Bryant wore No. 24 when he was in early high school, but he changed to No. 33 in his senior year. He switch
40、ed to No. 8 when he was selected by the Lakers in 1996, and has not been changed since.Bryant has refused to explain the decision until the end of the play-offs (季后赛). So guessing Bryants motive has become a popular game among NBA fans and newspaper columnists(专栏作家).There are all kinds of speculatio
41、ns. Many say that Bryant wants to leave the past behind and have a fresh start. He has often been criticized for playing to benefit himself and not the team as a whole. Others say that he may be trying to compare himself to Michael Jordan. Jordan was famous for his No. 23 jersey(运动衫). Some, such as
42、NBA Sport columnist Michael Venter, argue that it is “all about money“. Bryant will make more money by selling new jerseys to his fans.Some speculations are more about fun. For example, there is an opinion that Kobe is actually just a diehard(非常执著的) fan of the popular TV drama“24“.All this talk has
43、turned the number change into a major issue. It seems that there is a lot of fuss (大惊小怪) over something that should be pretty simple.Jersey numbers have their own special significance in American sports, especially basketball. Players choose their number when they join a team and they usually stick
44、with that number for the rest of their career. When a great player retires, his team will honor him by retiring his number.To some extent, the jersey is the player, and the player is the jersey. Thus, when you see the famous No. 23 for the Chicago Bulls, you immediately think about Michael Jordan. A
45、 No. 32 Miami Heats jersey recalls the image of Shaquille ONeal, and the Houston Rockets No. 11 belongs only to Yao Ming.Lots of stories are behind players jersey number selections. Jordan said that he chose No. 23 because it was roughly half of 45Jordans elder brother wore the No. 45 in college. Ya
46、o Ming once revealed that the No. 11 stands for two people in lovemeaning him and his girlfriend Ye Li.（分数：15.00）(1).Which team has Bryant played for?AThe Los Angeles Lakers.BThe Houston Rockets.CThe Chicago Bulls.DThe Miami Heats.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How long has Bryant been wearing No. 8 ?ASince h
47、e started to play basketball.BFor ten seasons.CSince he entered high school.DSince he left the Lakers.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following is NOT a speculation about Bryants motive to change his number, according to this passage?AHe wants to leave his past behind and have a fresh start.BHe wa
48、nts to compare himself to Jordan.CHe wants to earn more money.DHe wants to show that he is a man of great importance.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Why did Jordan choose No. 23?ABecause that number would make him famous.BBecause that number would make his fans miss him.CBecause that number was related to the
49、number his brother once wore.DBecause that number was easy to remember.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the number Yao Ming chose stand for?ATwo long legs.BTwo strong arms.CTwo people in love.DTwo big countries.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Problems of the ElderlyGerontologists (老年人问题学者) study how old people are treated within a society and h
