1、职称英语综合类 A级-40 及答案解析(总分：92.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The company recommended that a new gas station be built here.A. ordered B. insistedC. suggested D. demanded（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Why cant you stop your eternal complaining?A. long B. everlasting C. temporary D. boring（分数：1.00）A.B.C.
2、D.3.The number of the United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase.A. encouraged B. enforced C. expected D. entitled（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The Klondike was the scene of one of the biggest gold rushes the world has ever known.A. location B. view C. event D. landscape（分数：1.00）A.B.
3、C.D.5.It is a complicated problem.A. strange B. complexC. difficult D. unusual（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.They have the competence to take this job.A. possibility B. reality C. capacity D. probability（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.There was a rapid increase in population in the last century.A. slow B. high C. shocking D
4、. quick（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.They are worded about their capacity to invest in the future.A. capital B. ability C. expense D. reality（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.She longed for a chance to speak to Tom in private.A. preferred B. wanted C. chose D. asked for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.The high-speed trains can have a maj
5、or impact on travel preferencesA. force B. total C. small D. similar（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Nerve signals may travel through nerve or muscle fibers at speeds as high as two hundred miles per hour.A. velocities B. impulsesC. ratios D. atrocities（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.His motive in coming was to find out the
6、 truth.A. reasons B. argumentsC. targets D. stimuli（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Successful leaders dominate events rather than react to them.A. control B. contribute C. convey D. contact（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.The use of the chemical may present a certain hazard to the laboratory workers.A. protection B. indicat
7、ionC. immunity D. danger（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.I was shocked when I saw the size of the telephone bill Aexcited Bangry Clost Dsurprised（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The SeaWhat do you know about the sea? We know that it looks very pretty when the sun is shining on it. We also know that it
8、 can be very rough when there is a strong wind. What other things do we know about it? The first thing to remember is that the sea is very big. When you look at the map of the world you will find there is more water than land. The sea covers three quarters of the world. The sea is also very deep in
9、some places. It is not deep everywhere. Some parts of the sea are very shallow. But in some places the depth of the sea is very great. There is one spot, near Japan, where the sea is nearly 11 kilometers deep! The highest mountain in the world is about 9 kilometers high. If that mountain were put in
10、to the sea at that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water above it! What a deep place!If you have swum in the sea, you know that it is salty. You can taste the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. At that place, there would be 2 kilometers of water above
11、 it. What a deep place!If you have swum in the sea, you know that it is salty. You can taste the salt. Rivers, which flow into the sea, carry salt from the land into the sea. Some parts of the sea are saltier than other parts. There is one sea, called the Dead Sea, which is very salty. It is so salt
12、y that swimmers cannot sink! Fish cannot live in the Dead Sea!In most parts of the sea, there are plenty of fishes and plants. Some live near the top of the sea. Others live deep down. There are millions of tiny living things that float in the sea. These floating things are so small that it is hard
13、to see them. Many fish live by eating these.The sea can be very cold. Divers, who go deep down in the sea, know this. On the top the water may be warm. When the diver goes downwards, the sea becomes colder and colder. Another thing happens. When the diver goes deeper, the water above presses down on
14、 him. It squeezes him. Then the diver has to wear clothes made of metal. But he cannot go very deep. Some people who wanted to go very deep used a very strong diving ship! They went down to the deepest part of the sea in it. They went down to a depth of eleven kilometers!（分数：7.00）(1).The sea looks b
15、eautiful when it is calm.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(2).The land takes up 25% of the world.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(3).The sea is 6 kilometers in depth on average.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(4).The Dead Sea is so salty that nothing
16、 can live in it.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(5).The deeper one goes down in the sea, the fewer fishes and plants he can find.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(6).The deeper a diver goes down in the sea, the greater water pressure he bears.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not
17、 mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.(7).Divers have to use a very strong diving ship when they want to go down to the deepest part of the sea mainly because it is extremely cold here.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Stanford University1 Stanford University, famou
18、s as one of northern Californias several institutions of higher learning, is sometimes called “the Harvard of the West. “ The closeness of Stanford to San Francisco, a city thirty-two miles to the north, gives the university a decidedly cosmopolitan (世界性的) flavor. 2 The students are enrolled mainly
19、from the western United States. But most of the fifty states send students to Stanford, and many foreign students study here, as well. And standards for admission remain high. Young men and women are selected to enter the university from the upper fifteen percent of their high school classes. 3 Not
20、only because of me high caliber(素质)of its students but also because of the desirable location and climate, Stanford has attracted to its faculty some of the worlds most respected scholars. The university staff has included many Nobel prize winners such as Dr. Felix Bloch, Dr. Robert Hofstadter, and
21、Dr. William Shockley in physics. Dr. Author Kornberg and Dr. Joshua Lederberg in medicine. and Dr. Paul J. Flory and Dr. Linus Pauling in chemistry. The Russian novelist Aleksandr Solzhenistsyn has been in residence. StanfordS undergraduate school of engineering and its graduate schools of business,
22、 law, and medicine are especially well-regarded. 4 What is student life like on “The Farm“? Culturally. the campus is a magnet for both students and citizens of nearby communities. P1ays, concerts, and operas are performed in the universitys several auditoriums and in its outdoor theater, where grad
23、uations are also held. Several film series are presented during the school year. Guest lecturers from public and academic life frequently appear on campus. In the evenings, many students gather to socialize in the Student Unions coffee house；here the beverages(饮料)and the atmosphere both have a decid
24、edly European flavor. For the sportsminded, the Stanford campus offers highly developed athletic facilities. Team spots, swimming, and track and field activity are a11. very much part of the Stanford picture. So are bicycling and jogging. 5 In addition to financial support from alumni(校友), Stanford
25、receives grants from the government and from private philanthropic(慈善的)foundations。In recent years, government grants have made possible advanced studies in the fields of history, psychology, education, and atomic energy. At present Stanford is carrying out an ambitious building program, financed in
26、 part by山 e Ford Foundations 25. million grant. Recently added to the campus are a new physics building, new school of business, new graduate school of law, new student union, and undergraduate library.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2_ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_ .（分数
27、：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_ . A. Colorful Life on CampusB. Intelligent Student BodyC. School AdministrationD. Distinguished FacultyE. Substantial Financial SupportF. The Harvard of the West（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Those high school graduates who can enter Stanford University _ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Many
28、 professors like to teach in this university partly because here_ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).On the faculty of the university there are_ .（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Financial support from both private organizations and the government has made possible_ . A. they can find the best studentsB. the universitys acade
29、mic advancement and physical extensionC. some of the most distinguished scholars D. where a sports meet is held every yearE. must have been the top students in their classesF. must be hardworking（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Dancing in the StreetsIf there is one thi
30、ng certain to get Brazilians on their feet, it is the Rio Carnival (狂欢节). Held in Rio de Janeiro, the countrys biggest city, the carnival began on February 20 when the mayor gave key of the city to Rei Momo-the Lord of Misrule (无序之皇)On his orders, each year people turn the city into a paradise of da
31、nce and music. The following six days are so fun of parades, street dancing, fantastic clothes and partying (聚会) that many people forget about eating and sleeping.“It was the passion of the carnival that attracted me to Brazil and made me settle down in Rio. “ said Bob Nadkarni, a British man who ha
32、s lived in the city for several years. For many Brazilians, the centerpiece of the carnival is samba (桑巴舞) , a typical Brazilian dance. Every year, tens of thousands of visitors and locals show off their passion and energy in the streets, following the beat (节拍) of the Latin music.The climax to this
33、 street party is the float(彩车) parade, in which floats decorated with tons of fresh flowers by various samba schools and local communities move through the city. On the top of each float stands the candidate for the Drum Queen, who is chosen at the end of the party.While most people are free to enjo
34、y the celebrations. Rios police officers have to keep a clear head. Following the murder of three officers in a gunfight early last week, the Brazilian Government has tightened security in Rio. The street fighting, robbery and sex crimes that accompany the carnival are very difficult to police.Carni
35、vals began in ancient Rome as a celebration at which people fed wild wolves, in honor of the citys founder who was said to have been raised by a she-wolf. Brazil gave new life to this tradition and so despite the troubles, the carnival will remain a symbol of the countrys culture.（分数：15.00）(1).Accor
36、ding to the passage, during the Carnival people in Rio did all of the following EXCEPTAdancing in the streets.Bputting on colorful clothes.Ceating a lot of food.Dholding exciting parades.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How long does the carnival last?ASix days. BA whole week.CEight days. DThe whole of February
37、.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “centerpiece“ in the 3rd paragraph means _. Athe most important partBthe middle partCthe central part of the cityDthe most attractive decoration（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to the passage, Bob Nadkami is _. Aa Brazilian who has come back from BritainBa British man wh
38、o visits Rio for the carnivalCa British man who has come to live in BrazilDa Brazilian who is attracted by the carnival（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?AThe earliest carnivals were held in ancient Rome.BCarnivals were originally a tradition of the Brazilians.CCarni
39、vals were originally a tradition of the Romans.DThe Brazilians have integrated the Roman carnival into their culture.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Lifetime Employment In Japanese CompaniesIn most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment. What this means is that when
40、people leave school or university to join an enterprise, they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire. In effect, the employee gets job security for life, and can only be fired for serious mistakes in work. Even in times of business recession, he or she is free from the fear of
41、 being laid off.One result of this practice is that the Japanese worker identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it. By working hard for the company, he believes he is safeguarding his own future. It is not surprising that devotion to ones company is considered a great virtue
42、in Japan. A man is often prepared to put his firms interests before those of his immediate family.The job security guaranteed by this system influences the way employees approach their work. They tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughout their career. This is because they are not ju
43、dged on how they are performing during a short period of time. They can afford to take a longer perspective than their Western counterparts.This marriage between the employee and the company - the consequence of lifetime employment - may explain why Japanese workers seem positively to love the produ
44、cts their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after work, for little overtime pay, to participate in earnest discussions about the quality control of their products.（分数：7.00）(1).Lifetime employment in the Japanese company means that the employeeA. leaves his company only when bu
45、siness is bad.B. gets a job soon after he leaves school or university.C. can work there throughout his career.D. can have his serious mistakes in work corrected.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(2).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Family and company interests are equally important.B. The Japanese w
46、orker is very loyal to his company.C. Ones future is guaranteed through hard work.D. Devotion to ones company is encouraged.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(3).Lifetime employment influences onesA. achievements at work.B. performance at work.C. career options.D. attitude toward work.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(4).The Japane
47、se worker is fond of his companys products because ofA. his marriage with the daughter of the president.B. the close link between him and his company.C. his willingness to work overtime.D. his active participation in quality control.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.(5).The passage mainly discussesA. how lifetime em
48、ployment works in Japan.B. what benefits lifetime employment has brought to Japanese workers,C. what lifetime employment is.D. how lifetime employment is viewed.（分数：1.40）A.B.C.D.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Spacing in AnimalsFlight DistanceAny observant person has noticed that a wild animal will allow a man
49、 or other potential enemy to approach only up to a given distance before it flees. “Flight distance“ is the terms used for this interspecies spacing. As a general rule, there is a positive relationship between the size of an animal and its flight distance the larger the animal, the greater the distance it must keep between itself and the enemy. An antelope will fle
