1、职称英语综合类 A级-31 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.All foreign troops must withdraw from the country. A. retain B. retire C. revise D. retreat（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.Three straight lines meeting at three points constitute a triangle. A. center on B. come down to C. consist of D. form
2、（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.The local authorities will take measures to deal with noise pollution in the are a.A. controlB. learningC. powerD. government（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.A bare hill appears behind the jungle. A. bald B. humid C. immense D. level（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.The teachers want to do away with cheating
3、in their school. A. do credit to B. retain C. put an end to D. substitute for（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.Our company is collaborating with a Japanese firm in designing a new computer. A. merging B. allocating C. communicating D. cooperating（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.It takes about an hour to get there, allowing for
4、possible traffic delays. A. attending B. taking account of C. in the charge of D. taking charge of（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.Our public transportation is not sufficient for the need of the people in our major cities. A. additional B. efficient C. excessive D. adequate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.I think this is a del
5、iberate insult. A. careless B. intentional C. humiliating D. serious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed. A. convert B. store C. use D. receive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.He boasted that he was the best swimmer in his school. A. bragged B. alleged C. claimed D.
6、praised（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.They joined the army willingly. A. intentionally B. consciously C. voluntarily D. reluctantly（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.Each leader had a solemn look as he signed the peace treaty. A. sincere B. grave C. honest D. suspicious（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.When snow collects on top of a build
7、ing during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens the construction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse. A. selects B. scatters C. melts D. accumulates（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.After the whole days march; they are too fatigued to walk any more. A. hungry B. sleepy C. thirsty D. tired（分数：1.00）A.B
8、.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Winners and LosersWhy are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in the former Soviet bloc (集团) and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long trading
9、 tradition, lately reinvigorated by the Chinese adoption of market economics. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years. In Africa, some countries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure; many countries have little to trade but c
10、ommodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund. First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building
11、the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and all adequate method for collecting taxes. Encouraged by the IMF the World Bank and the U. S. Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state owned industrial
12、 sector, creating a class of oligarchs (寡头政治集团成员), who knew how unstable conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.In contrast, China, the biggest winner from globalization, did not follow the IMF formula. Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, no
13、tably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes. Botswana and Uganda are also Success stories. Despite their disadvantages, their countries achieved vigorous growth by creating stab
14、le civil societies liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.（分数：7.00）(1).Japan has a long trading tradition.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Russia was wrongly guided by the IMF.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).All African countries followed
15、 the IMF formul（分数：1.00）A.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned(4).The Soviet Union was a capitalist country.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Australia is one of the biggest winners from globalization.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).China did not take IMFs advice.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wron
16、gC.Not mentioned(7).Many high officials in Russia have much benefited from privatization.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Is There a Way to Keep the Britains Economy Growing?1 In todays knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese desig
17、n electronics while German export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.2 Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesnt manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, t
18、alk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank says the UKs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, theyre hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government t
19、hinks it can.3 Although the countrys trade deficit was more than 60 billion in 2006, UKs largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It
20、also trades services-accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock they are too fatigued to walk any more. A. h
21、ungry B. sleepy C. thirsty D. tired（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：fatigue：疲劳的，等于 tired；hungry：饥饿的；sleepy：困倦的；thirsty：口渴的。二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Winners and LosersWhy are the biggest winners in the past decade of trade globalization mostly in South and East Asia, whereas the biggest losers are mostly in th
22、e former Soviet bloc (集团) and sub-Saharan Africa? History is a partial guide: East Asia has a long trading tradition, lately reinvigorated by the Chinese adoption of market economics. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 70 years. In Africa, some c
23、ountries are disadvantaged because of inadequate infrastructure; many countries have little to trade but commodities, the prices of which have fallen in recent years.In some regions, certain countries have suffered by adopting misguided policies, often under pressure from International Monetary Fund
24、. First among these is Russia, which in the early 1990s tried to embrace capitalism before first building the institutions that make capitalism work, such as an independent bank system, a system of business law, and all adequate method for collecting taxes. Encouraged by the IMF the World Bank and t
25、he U. S. Department of the Treasury, President Boris Yeltsins regime privatized the state owned industrial sector, creating a class of oligarchs (寡头政治集团成员), who knew how unstable conditions were at home, sent their money abroad instead of investing it at home.In contrast, China, the biggest winner f
26、rom globalization, did not follow the IMF formula. Of the former states of the Soviet bloc, only a few, notably Poland and Hungary, managed to grow, which they did by ignoring IMF advice and adopting expansionary plans, including spending more than they collected in taxes. Botswana and Uganda are al
27、so Success stories. Despite their disadvantages, their countries achieved vigorous growth by creating stable civil societies liberalizing trade and implementing reforms that ran counter to IMF prescriptions.（分数：7.00）(1).Japan has a long trading tradition.（分数：1.00）A.Right B.WrongC.Not mentioned解析：这道题
28、的依据是第 1段中的一句话：East Asia has a long trading tradition日本是东亚国家，因而具有悠久的贸易历史。(2).Russia was wrongly guided by the IMF.（分数：1.00）A.Right B.WrongC.Not mentioned解析：本题的依据可以在第 2段的开头找到，文章说有些国家常常是在有压力的情况下采取了国际货币基金组织(IMF)误导的政策，俄罗斯就是这些国家中的一个。(3).All African countries followed the IMF formul（分数：1.00）A.A. RightB. Wr
29、ongC. Not mentioned解析：在文章的最后一段提到了一些因为没有按照 IMF的模式去发展而获得成功的例子，其中提到两个非洲国家 Botswana和 Uganda，因而所有非洲国家都采纳 IMF模式的说法是不对的。(4).The Soviet Union was a capitalist country.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wrong C.Not mentioned解析：第 1段里有句话：the Soviet Union, on the other hand, was sheltered from free-market forces for more than 7
30、0 years(70多年不搞市场经济的国家自然不会是资本主义国家)。(5).Australia is one of the biggest winners from globalization.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned 解析：文中没有提到澳大利亚。(6).China did not take IMFs advice.（分数：1.00）A.Right B.WrongC.Not mentioned解析：本题的依据是文章最后一段的第 1句话：，China，the biggest winner from globalization did not f
31、ollow the IMF formula即中国没有按照 IMF的建议去做。(7).Many high officials in Russia have much benefited from privatization.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned 解析：在第 2段的末尾讲到前苏联搞私有化的事，但没有说有高官在私有化过程中受益。三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)Is There a Way to Keep the Britains Economy Growing?1 In todays knowledge econ
32、omy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while German export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.2 Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesnt manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, styli
33、sts and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank says the UKs four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, theyre hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this t
34、alking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.3 Although the countrys trade deficit was more than 60 billion in 2006, UKs largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industr
35、y, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services-accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which
36、 to be proud. Rock & roll is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.4 However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UKs exports of goods and
37、 services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in “innovation activities“, 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below
38、 Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).5 In fact, it might be better to call Britain a “servant“ economy-there are at least 4 million people “in service“. The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing men
39、ial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sector-in shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.A Growth of EconomyB “Servant“ EconomyC Strength of the Creative EconomyD Weakness
40、 of the Creative EconomyE Gift of TalkingF Export of Talking Machines（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）解析：第 2段的主题句是第 1个句子，是这么说的：Britain specializes in the gift of talking。英国人的特长是有说话的天赋。接下来就具体说明说话天赋在经济中的表现方面。当然，作者最后对这些说话行业能否保持英国经济的运转提出了疑问，但是其主题思想仍然是在讲说话天赋。(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空
41、项 1:_ （正确答案：C）解析：英国是著名作家 Shakespeare和 Wordsworth的故乡，他们以及英国的摇滚乐团创造了大量的精神财富，也为英国赚得了大量的钱，显示了创造性经济的力量，因此 C是对的。(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：第 4段的第 1个句子是这么说的：However，creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UKs exports of goods and services(然而，创造性行业的货物和服务出口只占整个英国的出口的百分之四左右。可
42、见创造性经济还是很薄弱的)。(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：第 4段的第 1个句子是这么说的：In fact, it might be better to call Britain a “servant“ economy-there are at least 4 million people “in service“(实际上，把英国的经济叫做服务经济更恰当一些因为至少有四百万人在做服务性工作)。这也是主题句，因此选 B。A to find jobsB to do low-skill jobsC to feed its peopleD t
43、o handle disputesE to make a profitF to worry about the British economy（分数：4.00）(1).Every country has its own way _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）解析：第 1段讲到了在今天的知识经济时代，各个国家生存于自己的强项。因此选：to feed its people养活自己的人民。(2).The British government doesnt seem _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）解析：第 2段的最后两句话是这么说的：But can al
44、l this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can(但是，所有人这么说话能让英国的经济运转吗?英国政府认为是可以的。可见英国政府好像并不担心英国的经济。)所以 F是对的。(3).The creative industries find it difficult _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）解析：这个问题参考了第 4段中的一个句子，该句子是这么说的：The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, a
45、ccording to a report of the National Endowment for Science， Technology and the Arts(根据国家科学、技术和艺术捐赠委员会的一份报告，这些创造性行业在获得利润上很困难)。(4).Many graduates are employed _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）解析：第 5段有这么一个句子：Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree(许多毕业生甚至在做不需要学位的仆人的工作。仆人
46、工作是属于低技术的活)，因此 B是正确的。四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The IcemanOn a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters), the
47、ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface.It was lying face downward. The skeleton (was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remai
48、ns of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark and a holder for arrows.Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these ques
49、tions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scient
