1、职称英语综合类 A 级-26 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.I“m very glad to draft the letter for you.（分数：1.00）A.reviseB.clarifyC.formulateD.contribute2.The explosion scattered a flock of birds roosting in the trees.（分数：1.00）A.departedB.separatedC.fledD.spread3.This kind of animals are
2、 on the verge of extinction , because so many are being killed for their fur.（分数：1.00）A.drying upB.dying outC.being exportedD.being transplanted4.It is postulated that a cure for the disease will have been found by the year 2000.（分数：1.00）A.challengedB.assumedC.deductedD.decreed5.We can utilize water
3、 for producing electric power.（分数：1.00）A.employB.embraceC.emergeD.emphasize6.Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous .（分数：1.00）A.ridiculousB.unacceptableC.unheard ofD.unbelievable7.If so, the next census in 2021 could show the beginning of a shift towards normality.（分数：1.00）A.statementB.agr
4、eementC.countD.estimate8.The house had many drawbacks, most notably its price.（分数：1.00）A.remarkablyB.particularlyC.noticeablyD.significantly9.If reason could lead you to orthodox conclusion, well and good, you are still a rationalist.（分数：1.00）A.acceptableB.westernC.conventionalD.conservative10.The n
5、umber of the United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase.（分数：1.00）A.encouragedB.enforcedC.expectedD.entitled11.She“s very ingenious when it comes to finding excuses.（分数：1.00）A.cleverB.effectiveC.originalD.implausible12.Subsequent events proved the man to be right.（分数：1.00）A
6、.EarlierB.LaterC.PreviousD.Recent13.Our public transportation is not sufficient for the need of the people in our major cities.（分数：1.00）A.additionalB.efficientC.excessiveD.adequate14.We will abide by their decision.（分数：1.00）A.persist inB.stick toC.safeguardD.apply15.This law becomes operative immedi
7、ately.（分数：1.00）A.movingB.rotatingC.workingD.running二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Only Way Is UpThink of a modern city and the first image that comes to mind is the skyline. It is full of great buildings, pointing like fingers to heaven. It is true that some cities don“t permit buildings to go abov
8、e a certain height. But these are cities concerned with the past. The first thing any city does when it wants to tell the world that it has arrived is to build skyscrapers. When people gather together in cities, they create a demand for land. Since cities are places where money is made, that demand
9、can be met. And the best way to make money out of city land is to put as many people as possible in a space that covers the smallest amount of ground. That means building upwards. The technology existed to do this as early as the 19th century. But the height of buildings was limited by one important
10、 factor. They had to be small enough for people on the top floors to climb stairs. People could not be expected to climb a mountain at the end of their journey to work, or home. Elisha Otis, a US inventor, was the man who brought us the liftor elevator, as he preferred to call it. However, most of t
11、he technology is very old. Lifts work using the same pulley system the Egyptians used to create the Pyramids. What Otis did was attach the system to a steam engine and develop the elevator brake, which stops the lift falling if the cords that hold it up are broken. It was this that did the most to g
12、ain public confidence in the new invention. In fact, he spent a number of years exhibiting lifts at fairgrounds, giving people the chance to try them out before selling the idea to architects and builders. A lift would not be a very good theme park attraction now. Going in a lift is such an everyday
13、 thing that it would just be boring. Yet psychologists and others who study human behavior find lifts fascinating. The reason is simple. Scientists have always studied animals in zoos. The nearest they can get to that with humans is in observing them in lifts. “It breaks all the usual conventions ab
14、out the bubble of personal space we carry around with usand you just can“t choose to move away,“ says workplace psychologist, Gary Fitzgibbon. “Being trapped in this setting can create different types of tensions,“ he says. Some people are scared of them. Others use them as an opportunity to get clo
15、se to the boss. Some stand close to the door. Others hide in the comers. Most people try and shrink into the background. But some behave in a way that makes others notice them. There are a few people who just stand in a comer taking notes. Don“t worry about them. They are probably from a university.
16、（分数：7.00）(1).Some cities concerned with the past permit buildings to go above a certain height.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).In a modern city, there has been built many skyscrapers.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The best way to make money out of city land is to build upwards f
17、or more people.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The technology of building upwards existed in the early 19th century.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Otis sold immediately the idea of the lift to architects and builders.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Going in a lift is c
18、onvenient every day.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).People trapped in this lift have different types of tensions.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)How Human“s Personalities and Behaviors Are Formed1 People have wondered for a long time how their persona
19、lities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. 2 Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain charact
20、eristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature vs. nurture“. 3 Those who
21、 support the “nature“ side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviors is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this the
22、ory maintains that our behavior is pre-determined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts. 4 Those who support the “nurture“ theory, that is, they advocate education, are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biol
23、ogically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior. 5 Let u
24、s examine the different explanations about one human characteristic, intelligence, offered by the two theories. Supporters of the “nature“ theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined. Needless to say, they don“t believe that factors in the envi
25、ronment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic. On the other hand, behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his o
26、r her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 AEnvironment Is Important BTwo Approaches Different From Each Other Are Formed CPeople Want to Know How Their Personalities and Behaviors Are Formed DOur Personalities and Behavior Pa
27、tterns Are Largely Determined by Biological Factors EWe Want to Explain the Behaviors FTwo Similar Approaches Are Formed（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).Although no clear answers, 1. Ahuman is born with a certain personality Bhow the personal
28、ity and behavior are formed Cwill experience intellectual development Dtwo different schools on the matter have developed Ewill influence on characters Fhuman is born with no personality（分数：1.00）(6).Those who support the “nature“ theory don“t believe environment 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Social scientists want
29、 to clear out 1.（分数：1.00）(8).“Nature“ theory claims 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Nuclear Power and Its DangerNuclear power“s danger to health, safety, and even life itself can be summed up in one word: radiation. Nuclear radiation has a certain mystery about it, partly
30、 because it cannot be detected by human senses. It can“t be seen or heard, or touched, or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can“t detect them, sense them, without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can“t sens
31、e radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things. At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being outfight by killing masses of cells in vital organs. But even the lowest level of r
32、adiation can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be significant . This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and if they are killed outright. Your body will replace the dead cells with he
33、althy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in a deformed way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years. This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation.
34、Serious damage can be done without the victim being aware at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. Or a child can be born weak or liable to serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its
35、 grandparents. Radiation can hurt us. We must know the truth.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in _.（分数：3.00）A.nuclear mysteryB.radiation detectionC.nuclear radiationD.radiation level(2).Radiation can cause serious consequences even at the lowest level _.（分数：3.
36、00）A.when it kills few cellsB.if it damages few ceilsC.though the damaged cells can repair themselvesD.unless the damaged ceils can reproduce themselves(3).The underlined word “significant“ in Paragraph 3 most probably means _.（分数：3.00）A.fatalB.meaningfulC.remarkableD.harmful(4).Radiation can hurt u
37、s in the way that it can _.（分数：3.00）A.kill large numbers of cells in main organs so as to cause death immediatelyB.damage cells which may grow into cancer years laterC.affect the healthy growth of our offspringD.all of the above(5).Which of the following can be best inferred from the passage?（分数：3.0
38、0）A.The importance of protection from radiation cannot be over-emphasized.B.The mystery about radiation remains unsolved.C.Cancer is mainly caused by radiation.D.Radiation can hurt those who are not aware of its danger.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Life Connected with ComputerAfter too long on the Net, even
39、a phone call can be a shock. My boyfriend“s Liverpudlian accent suddenly becomes indecipherable after the clarity of his words on screen, a secretary“s tone seems more rejecting than I“d imagined it would be. Time itself becomes fluidhours become minutes, and alternately seconds stretch into days. W
40、eekends, once a highlight of my week, are now just two ordinary days. For the last three years, since I stopped working as a producer for Charlie Rose, I have done much of my work as a telecommuter. I submit articles and edit them via E-mail and communicate with colleagues on Internet mailing lists.
41、 My boyfriend lives in England, so much of our relationship is computer-mediated. If I desired, I could stay inside for weeks without wanting anything. I can order food, and manage my money, love and work. In fact, at times I have spent as long as three weeks alone at home, going out only to get mai
42、l and buy newspapers and groceries. I watched most of the blizzard of 96 on TV. But after a while, life itself begins to feel unreal. I start to feel as though I“ve merged with my machines, taking data in, spitting them back out, just another node on the Net. Others online report the same symptoms.
43、We start to strongly dislike the Outside forms of socializing. It“s like attending an A.A. meeting in a bar with everyone holding a half-sipped drink, We have become the Net opponents“ worst nightmare. What first seemed like a luxury, crawling from bed to computer, not worrying about hair, clothes a
44、nd face, has become an avoidance, a lack of discipline. And once you start replacing real human contact with cyber-interaction, coming back out of the cave can be quite difficult. At times, I turn on the television and just leave it to chatter in the background, something that I“d never done previou
45、sly. The voices of the programs soothe me, but then I“m jarred by the commercials. I find myself sucked in by soap operas, or compulsively needing to keep up with the latest news and the weather. “Dateline,“ “Frontline“, “Nightline“, CNN, New York 1, every possible angle of every story over and over
46、, even when they are of no possible use to me. Work moves from foreground to background.（分数：15.00）(1).Compared to the clear words of her boyfriend on screen, his accent becomes _.（分数：3.00）A.unidentifiableB.unbearableC.unrealD.misleading(2).The passage implies that the author and her boyfriend live i
47、n _.（分数：3.00）A.different cities in EnglandB.different countriesC.the same cityD.the same country(3).What is the main idea of the last paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.She is so absorbed in the TV programs that she often forgets her work.B.In order to keep up with the latest news and the weather, she watches TV
48、a lot.C.In order to get some comfort from TV programs, she sometimes turns on the television.D.Having worked on the computer for too long, she became a bit odd.(4).What is the author“s attitude to the computer?（分数：3.00）A.Attractive.B.Interesting.C.Bored.D.Indifferent.(5).The phrase “coming back out
49、of the cave“ in the fifth paragraph means _.（分数：3.00）A.coming back homeB.going back homeC.living a luxurious lifeD.restoring direct human contact七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)When Fear Takes Control of the MindA panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last long, but it may feel like forever. The cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane. And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before. A fast heartbeat. Sweaty hands. Difficulty brea
