1、职称英语综合类 A 级-24 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.He strange clothes and make -up really astonished the people at the party. A. auached B. shocked C. attracted D. shifted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.He has become a celebrity because of his wonderful performance in the play. A. director
2、 B. actor C. star D. film - maker（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.They have the capability to complete the task in a week. A. possibility B. competence C. courage D. mixture（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The proper procedure contributed to the satisfying outcome. A. result B. assessment C. estimation D. sources（分数：1.00）A.B.C
3、.D.5.She was so grateful to him and decided to marry him. A. careful B. useful C. hopeful D. thankful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.You have to make sure that you have chosen a secure solution. A. clear B. secret C. advisable D. safe（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The little boy employed an unexpected method to get the resu
4、lt. A. adapted B. adopted C. assigned D. appointed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.He is suspicious about her motivation to attend the party. A. sure B. angry C. doubtful D. worried（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The son was so concerned about the illness of his father. A. serious B. happy C. lucky D. worried（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.
5、10.The boy is too young to discriminate right from wrong. A. infer B. access C. distinguish D. recognize（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.I dont why everything around me is going into confusion. A. consideration B. puzzle C. attraction D. contradiction（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The man has acquired an important status i
6、n this company. A. caught B. attached C. compressed D. obtained（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.It will be full of hazards on the way to success. A. hopes B. dangers C. helps D. dreams（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.I have been trying to give up smoking. A. give off B. put up C. quit D. accept（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.I have extr
7、eme sense of happiness at this moment. A. hope B. wish C. feeling D. dream（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)The Grass Is Greener at Harvard There is an underground revolution spreading across Harvard University this fall. Its occurring under the soil and involves fungi(真菌) ,bacteria, micr
8、obes(微生物) and roots, which are now fed with compost tea (混合肥料) rather than pesticides and synthetic nitrogen (合成氮).The results have so surprised university administrators that what started as a one - acre pilot project in Harvard Yard has spread organic practices through 25 acres on the campus.“Our
9、goal is to be fully organic on the 80 acres that we maintain within the next two years. “ said Wayne Carbone, Harvards manager of landscape services.Harvards president, Drew Gilpin Faust, who last year started a university effort to reduce greenhouse gases by 30 percent by 2016, has adopted the orga
10、nic program at Elmwood, the Dresidents house on Brattle Street. Dr. Faust became interested by the effort last spring when she saw a display that the Harvard Yard Soils Restoration Project had set up outside her office.As the project proceeded, “I saw the impact, I was really excited,“ Dr. Faust sai
11、d. “I think its an integral part of the larger effort to advance sustainability at Harvard. “The organically grown grass on campus is now green from the microbes that feed the soil, eliminating the use of synthetic nitmgen, the base of most commercial fertilizers. No herbicides(除草剂)or pesticides are
12、 used, either. Roots reach eight inches into soil that was once so compacted the trees planted in it were dying.“At commencement(毕业典礼), rain or shine, we have 10,000 people here,“ Mr. Carbone said, gazing at the expanse where chairs are traditionally set in front of Memorial Church. “We get about 6,
13、000 to 8,000 people here every day. “But the microbial activity beneath their feet has now aerated(使生气勃勃) the soil. Tree roots can breathe because they are absorbing nutrients and water. Newly planted oaks outside Mass Hall, a few steps from Harvard Square, are thriving.Soil tests show the Dresence
14、not only of beneficial bacteria and fungi but also of the micro - organisms that feed on them, recycling nitrogen back into the soil. This dog- eat- dog(竞争激烈的) world underground also retains moisture.Thanks to these efforts, the university has reduced the use of irrigation(灌溉) by 30 percent, accordi
15、ng to Mr. Carbone, thus saving two million gallons of water a year.And the 40 - year - old orchards at Elmwood, which have been treated with compost tea, are recovering from leaf spot(叶斑病) and apple scab(疮痂病).（分数：7.00）(1).The underground revolution refers to the organic practices through Harvard cam
16、pus.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).According to Wayne Carbone, it is impossible to turn the whole campus fully organic in two years.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Dr. Faust thinks the organic program is beneficial to advancing sustainability at Harvard.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.
17、Not mentioned(4).Healthy soil is a mixture of sand and clay particles held together by the gums and gels formed by bacteria as well as by fungi and plant roots.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The expanse in front of Memorial Church gets no more than 6,000 people every day.（分数：1.00）A.RightB
18、.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The organic program not only brings life back to trees and soil, but also saves much water in irrigation.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).An organic approach requires a radical change in thinking.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00
19、)Successful Language Learners1 Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning
20、so much easier for them ? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.2 First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher;
21、they discover their own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mist
22、akes.3 Successful language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language; they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to comm
23、unicate. They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know th
24、e meaning of every word.4 Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn
25、from them. They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.5 What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language l
26、earning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above. A. Talents to Learn a Language Successfully B. Learning a Language Purposefully C. Learning a Language Actively D. Learning a Language Independently E. Learning from Mistakes F. Learning to Think in t
27、he Target Language（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules B. to expand vocabulary C. to use the target language D. to encourage unsuccessfu
28、l language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully E. from clues F. to say strange things（分数：4.00）(1).Successful language learners derive conclusions 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Independent Language learners rely on themselves 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Active language learners seize every o
29、pportunity 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).The author wrote this text 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Taking a Dim View of Solar EnergyDespite the bad economy, or maybe because of it, the rooftop - solar industry is booming, as Americans become increasingly intrigued by the
30、idea of turning their roofs into mini power plants and cutting their electric bills. In 2008,33,500 rooftop solar systems were installed in the United States, a 63 percent increase over the amount of capacity installed in 2007. In California, the solar capital of country, the increase was 95 percent
31、.Meanwhile ,the outlook for the other side of the solar industrythe large, centralized power plantsisnt so sunny. These megaprojectsacres of desert covered in thousands of solar panels sending electricitycontrolled mostly by utility companies that have had a monopoly over the countrys electricity gr
32、id, were supposed to be the key to the future of the solar industry. So far, theyre getting vastly outpaced by the decentralized rooftop approach. According to the Interstate Renewable Energy Councils 20062008 count, consumers added 522 megawatts to the grid; whereas utility Companies added just 96
33、megawatts.The disparity has utilities worried about loosing their grip on the countrys energy industry, and the $130 billion residential electricity market. In some cases, utilities are actually taking direct steps to thwart rooftop solar.“There is a tension between distributed solar generation and
34、utilities,“ says Adam Browning, executive director of The Vote Solar Initiative, a solar advocacy group in San Francisco. “Theyve had the energy pie to themselves for a century, and now facing a future where clean distributed energy will play a large part, theyre looking for ways to profit from it a
35、nd maintain control. People want solar panels on their roofs, so utilities should be working to make that happen rather than getting in the way. “says Browning.Its not hard to understand why a big utility might not like the idea of homes and buildings being covered in solar panels. If every building
36、 in America is generating its own solar energy, that throws a big wrench into their business model. But as most states have passed renewable - energy standards recently, mandating that a certain percentage of their energy come from renewable sources, utilities have become reluctant players in the so
37、lar game because, frankly, they have no choice. However, thanks to state and federal government subsidies, private sector can seize this opportunity to grow.（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, which statement about the rooftop solar systems installment in the U. S. can NOT be inferred?（分数：3.00）A
38、.In 2008, the amount of rooftop solar system installment experienced an increase over 50 per- cent.B.95 percent of Califorlia families have rooftop solar system installment.C.More and note families installed rooftop solar system installment as a way to cut expense on electricity.D.There is no positi
39、ve connection between economical situation and the amount of rooftop solar system installment.(2).According to the passage, which of the following statements is the main idea of the second paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.The total amount of electricity generated by the centralized solar power plants are more t
40、han that by the individual households.B.The management of centralized solar power plants is key to the development of solar industry, though now it is not that good,C.Large companies that have a monoply over an industry can lead to the inefficience in production.D.Its a great advancement in technolo
41、gy to make use of desert to generate solar power.(3).What is the meaning of the word “thwart“ in the third paragraph?（分数：3.00）A.buildB.facilitateC.encourageD.oppose(4).According to the passage, which one of the following statements is NOT agree able to Adam Brownings ideas?（分数：3.00）A.Now the reality
42、 is that the utilities and distributed solar generation can not cooperate very well.B.The utilities dont want to share their business with the distributed solar generation.C.The utilities should help people to set up rooftop solar system when needed.D.People should pay to the utilities for the power
43、 generated from their rooftop solar systems.(5).According to the passage, which one of the following statements can not be inferred from the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Now, there is a good environment for the private sector to grow in producing solar power generated energy.B.There are encouraging measures t
44、hat the government takes to propel the solar industry development.C.There are some reasons why the utilities are not interested in rooftop solar system.D.The advantages and disadvantages of making use of rooftop solar system.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Is the Internet Broken?Googles Gmail system, which ser
45、ves millions of customers around the world, shut down yesterday. Twitter, the micro - blogging service used by tens of millions of people, went off - line last month. It blamed the trouble on a malicious programmer in Russia who was trying to shut down the account of a user in neighboring Georgia. I
46、t is astonishing the local actions of a small number of programmers can bring an entire Interact service to its knees, but that have been the case.The Internet as it is set up now operates at three levels. The first is the servers that store data and content for use by customers. Google and other la
47、rge companies keep massive server farms. These are well -protected from outside programmers by sophisticated software, but clearly that does not always work. The protection devices may fail more and more often as hackers get more skillful.The second part of the Internet is the“ pipes“ that carry dat
48、a, video, e - mail messages, and text of websites from companies such as Google, Yahoo !, and Twitter, that make up Internet content and services to customers. Some of these“ pipe“ providers, specifically telecom and cable companies, are already complaining that the amount of data that they have to
49、move is rising too rapidly for them to accommodate. Video files, which aye particularly large, have posed significant problems to cable companies.The last piece of the Internet is the end user, the companies and consumers who have the PCs. Perversely, these PCs are also the tools by which hackers build malicious code that they send out to compromi
