1、职称英语综合类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-21 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.When we visited the country, our principal impression was one of poverty and hardship.（分数：1.00）A.mainB.centralC.unforgettableD.strong2.They have been tightening their belts for months, adapting themselves to a war e
2、conomy.（分数：1.00）A.modifyingB.adoptingC.arrangingD.adjusting3.Human facial expression differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.（分数：1.00）A.sufficientlyB.noticeablyC.intentionallyD.absolutely4.All dogs are capable of doing harm to human beings
3、.（分数：1.00）A.damageB.injuryC.dangerD.wound5.The next morning she told us that the last question didnt depart till well after midnight.（分数：1.00）A.goB.leaveC.comeD.appear6.The people who speak Esperanto hope that the language someday will become the international language for trade, science, and diplom
4、acy.（分数：1.00）A.commonB.uniqueC.officialD.well-known7.You dont need to carry large amounts of cash; actually all financial businesses will be conducted by computers.（分数：1.00）A.transmissionsB.transitionsC.transactionsD.transportation8.Capital punishment was abolished some years ago in some states of t
5、he U.S.（分数：1.00）A.createdB.decoratedC.improvedD.eliminated9.He was awarded 1,000 damages for the injury he suffered in the accident.（分数：1.00）A.compensationB.insuranceC.commissionD.substitution10.I didnt help him. I would have however didnt have the money.（分数：1.00）A.orB.butC.otherwiseD.still11.Gambli
6、ng is lawful in this state.（分数：1.00）A.legalB.irresistibleC.enjoyableD.profitable12.The second injection should have been given once the first drug had taken effect.（分数：1.00）A.taken placeB.injectedC.worked outD.worked13.They had put up with the behavior from their son which they would not have tolera
7、ted from anyone else.（分数：1.00）A.acceptedB.sufferedC.enduredD.received14.What makes a major success in Los Angeles is the strength of his public support.（分数：1.00）A.concentrationB.intensityC.conservationD.stress15.Smoking is not permitted in the office.（分数：1.00）A.probableB.possibleC.admittedD.allowed二
8、、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。NorwichNorwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum. At the time of the Norman invasion in 1066 it had
9、 grown to become one of the largest towns in England.With two cathedrals and a mosque(清真寺), Norwich has long been a popular centre for various religions. The first cathedral was built in 1095 and has recently celebrated its 900th anniversary, while Norwich itself had a year of celebration in 1994 to
10、 mark the 800th anniversary of the city receiving a Royal Charter. This allowed it to be called a city and to govern itself independently.Today, in comparison with places like London or Manchester, Norwich is quite small, with a population of around 150,000, but in the 16th century Norwich was the s
11、econd largest city of England. It continued to grow for the next 300 years and got richer and richer, becoming famous for having as many churches as there are weeks in the year and as many pubs as their are days in the year.Nowadays, there are far fewer churches and pubs, but in 1964 the University
12、of East Anglia was built in Norwich. With its fast-growing student population and its success as a modern commercial centre (Norwich is the biggest centre for insurance services outside London), the city now has a side choice of entertainment; theatres, cinemas, nightclubs,busy cafes,excellent resta
13、urants, and a number of arts and leisure centres. There is also a football team, whose colours are green and yellow. The team is known as “The Canaries (金丝雀)“,though nobody can be sure why.Now the citys attractions include another important development, a modern shopping centre called “The Castle Ma
14、ll“. The people of Norwich lived with a very large hold n the middle of their city for over two years, as builders dug up the main car park. Lorries moved nearly a million tons of earth so that the roof of the mall could become a city centre park, with attractive water pools and hundreds of trees, b
15、ut the local people are really pleased that the old open market remains, right in the heart of the city and next to the new development. Both areas continue to do good business, proving that Norwich has managed to mix the best of the old and the new.（分数：7.00）(1).The River Wensum flows by Norwich.（分数
16、：1.00）A.A) Right B.B) Wrong C.C) Not mentioned(2).People have lived by the River Wensum for at least 2,000 years.（分数：1.00）A.A) Right B.B) Wrong C.C) Not mentioned(3).Norwich has been a city since its first cathedral was built.（分数：1.00）A.A) Right B.B) Wrong C.C) Not mentioned(4).Norwich has always be
17、en one of the smallest English cities.（分数：1.00）A.A) Right B.B) Wrong C.C) Not mentioned(5).The number of foreign students in Norwich has been increasing since 1964.（分数：1.00）A.A) Right B.B) Wrong C.C) Not mentioned(6).The football team is called “The Canaries“ because of the colours the players wear.
18、（分数：1.00）A.A) Right B.B) Wrong C.C) Not mentioned(7).It took more than two years to build “The Castle Mall“.（分数：1.00）A.A) Right B.B) Wrong C.C) Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。
19、Attention to the Details1 Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do-especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “Its amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves,“he says.2 “R
20、esumes(简历)arrive with stains. Some candidates dont bother to spell the companys name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate,“Crossley concludes. “if they cannot take care of these details,why should we trust them with a job?“3 Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely.
21、 Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,“says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco,“we must constantly ask ourselves how the details were working on fit
22、 into the larger picture. If they dont,we should drop them and move to something else. “4 Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time. “says Garfield. “But a successful landing was still likely bec
23、ause we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary. “Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.5 Too often we believe what accounts for others success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is
24、success so mysterious. Again and again,we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.A) Dont Be a PerfectionistB) The Benefits of Knowing Where We Want to GoC) Hard Work Plus Good LuckD) The Outcomes of Our EffortsE) The Importance of Attention to DetailF) Constantly
25、 Asking Ourselves about Details（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_A) rarely is success so mysteriousB) large rewards followC) I eliminate the candidateD) we should drop them and move to something el
26、seE) judge the importance of every taskF) because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal（分数：4.00）(1).Once I see a mistake,_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).If the details dont fit into the larger picture,_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).A successful landing was still likely_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).By doing little things w
27、ith our efforts,_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)B第一篇/BElectric BackpackBackpacks are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a charge of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you dont mind carrying a heavy load, your backpacks might also pow
28、er your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home.Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass. , have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produce
29、d while its wearer walks. In military actions, search and-rescue operations, and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cell phones, global positioning system (GPS) receivers, night-vision goggles, and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their work. The backpacks electr
30、icity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearers load now devoted to spare batteries, report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science.The backpacks electricity-crew, ring powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against t
31、he wearers back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical movements of the pack to rotary motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts.Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits in response to the
32、 packs oscillations, so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack.The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scienti
33、sts, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs arent on the market yet, but if you do get
34、one eventually, just make sure to look both ways beore crossing the street!（分数：15.00）(1).Backpacks are convenient because（分数：3.00）A.they can be very large.B.they can hold as many things as you want to carry.C.your hands are freed to do other things.D.you do not have to carry things with you.(2).What
35、 is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues?（分数：3.00）A.It produces electricity for electronic devisees while the wearer walks.B.It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies.C.It is small and convenient.D.It is light an
36、d easy to carry.(3).The word “springs“ in Paragraph 3 means（分数：3.00）A.a small stream of water flowing naturally from the earth.B.the season of the year, occurring between winter and summer.C.the act or an instance of jumping or leaping.D.a length of metal wound around, which returns to its original
37、shape after being pushed.(4).According to Paragraph 4, what does Rome plan to do?（分数：3.00）A.To make the backpack more comfortable for the wearer.B.To put the backpack on the market.C.To test the advantage of the backpack.D.To promote the backpack in a newspaper or on television.(5).What is implied i
38、n “if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street !“?（分数：3.00）A.You will be too excited to watch the traffic.B.Enjoying electronic devices while walking may invite traffic accidents.C.It is not possible for you to get such a backpack.D.It is wise of you to
39、have such a backpack.B第二篇/BValuing ChildhoodThe value of childhood is easily blurred (变得模糊不清) in todays world. Consider some recent developments: The child-murderers in the Jonesboro, Ark. schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11 y
40、ear old girl in Chicago.Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldnt begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive-youthful jealousy(妒忌
41、) and resentment. But a deeper question remains:Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint?That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girls bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids.Redemption (拯救) is
42、 a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence? The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not-cannot be-dealt with as adults, not if a people wants t
43、o consider itself civilized. Thats why politicians cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.But the moral void(真空)that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes. So does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with
44、parents, who have to ask themselves whether theyre doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought?Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do law enforcem
45、ent agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance (遵守).The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood (成年), so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such g
46、aps with acts of violence hint at many others who dont go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide-and which progressive human society relies on.（分数：15.00）(1).The two boys in Chicago were（分数：3.00）A.shotB.murderedC.sentencedD.accused(2).Thy boys in Jonesboro and Chicago a
47、pparently lacked a sense of（分数：3.00）A.disciplineB.right and wrongC.shameD.safety(3).According to politicians, when children commit crimes, they should be treated in the same way as（分数：3.00）A.adultsB.criminalsC.victimsD.murderers(4).Which of the following does the writer cite as a source of moral voi
48、d?（分数：3.00）A.Official corruption.B.Social injustice.C.Racial discrimination.D.Family instability.(5).Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage?（分数：3.00）A.Youth organizations play no role in building character.B.Schools should help create a moral sense in children.C.Law enforcemen
49、t agencies should do more to help children understand laws.D.Parents should strengthen moral instruction.B第三篇/BProblems of the ElderlyGerontologists (老年人问题学者) study how old people are treated within a society and how the elderly deal with the inevitable problems of aging, particularly those involving health and income. Health problems in
