1、职称英语综合类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-13 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Brilliantly colored flowers attract insects.（分数：1.00）A.DelicatelyB.SensiblyC.HarmoniouslyD.Brightly2.On the brink of matrimony, he fled to a desert island.（分数：1.00）A.shipB.proposalC.edgeD.evasion3.Defined most broad
2、ly, folklore includes all the customs, beliefs and traditions that people have handed down from generation to generation.（分数：1.00）A.fancifullyB.liberallyC.quaintlyD.dryly4.People fishing on a lake must wait calmly so as not to scare the fish away.（分数：1.00）A.consideratelyB.hungrilyC.alertlyD.quietly5
3、.By providing legal representation, the American Civil Liberties Union works to defend citizens against breaches of their civil rights.（分数：1.00）A.branchesB.exercisesC.perusalsD.violations6.The caliber of F. Scott Fitzgeralds writing was reassessed by literary critics in the 1950s.（分数：1.00）A.idealism
4、B.creativityC.qualityD.imagery7.They got in quite a brawl.（分数：1.00）A.snitB.fightC.ballyD.littering8.The cost of elections in the United States is borne by both the government and the private sector.（分数：1.00）A.knownB.foughtC.exposedD.assumed9.Its evident that her handling of them has bruised the peac
5、hes.（分数：1.00）A.promulgatedB.infatuatedC.damagedD.infuriated10.Maria Chapman, abolitionist and close associate of William Lloyed Garrison, wrote many brochures condemning slavery.（分数：1.00）A.slogansB.short poemsC.sentimentsD.short pamphlets11.The bricklayer is working on the house today.（分数：1.00）A.car
6、penterB.plumberC.electricianD.mason12.The first step in planning a marketing strategy for a new product is to analyze the breakdown of sales figures for competitive products.（分数：1.00）A.decrease inB.reordering ofC.itemization ofD.collapse in13.Laser beams can be used to bore metals and other hard mat
7、erials.（分数：1.00）A.trimB.meltC.drillD.slice14.Acknowledged as the main cause of hay fever the pollen of ragweed is very bothersome.（分数：1.00）A.intriguingB.annoyingC.potentD.significant15.Messalinas name has become a byword for notorious behavior.（分数：1.00）A.an epithetB.an abstractionC.an indicationD.an
8、 oration二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。B Learning DisorderDyslexia/BAs many as 20% of all children in the United States suffer from some form of the learning disorder called dyslexia.Experts on dyslexia say that the problem is not a disease. They say that perso
9、ns with dyslexia use information in a different way. One of the worlds great thinkers and scientists Albert Einstein was dyslexic. Einstein said that he never thought in words the way that most people do. He said that he thought in pictures instead. The American inventor Thomas Edison was also dysle
10、xic. Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago. Many years passed before doctors discovered that persons with the disorder were not mentally slow or disabled. The doctors found that the brains of persons with dyslexia arc different. In most people, the left
11、 side of the brainthe part that controls languageis larger than the right side. In persons with dyslexia, the right side of the brain is bigger. Doctors are not sure what causes this difference. However, research has shown that dyslexia is more common in males than in females, and it is found more o
12、ften in persons who are left-handed. No one knows the cause of dyslexia, but some scientists believe that it may result from chemical changes in a babys body long before it is born. They are trying to find ways to teach persons with dyslexia Dyslexic persons think differently and need special kinds
13、of teaching help. After they have solved their problems with language, they often show themselves to be especially intelligent or creative.（分数：7.00）(1).One out of five American children suffers from dyslexia.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(2).Many great thinkers and scientists in the wor
14、ld are dyslexic.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(3).The first cases of dyslexia in Europe were discovered less than a century ago.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.Bwrong C.CNot mentioned(4).The left side of the brain in a dyslexic person is bigger than the right side.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot
15、mentioned(5).Generally speaking, dyslexia is more common in left-handed males than in right-handed females.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(6).It is believed that dyslexia is related to the bad habits of a babys mother.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned(7).Dyslexic people often t
16、urn out to be intelligent or creative once they have learned to handle language properly.（分数：1.00）A.ARight B.BWrong C.CNot mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 14 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。B How to Learn Languag
17、e Successfully/B1Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages. They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others. They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier
18、 for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.2First of all, successful language learners are independent learners. They do not depend on the book or the teacher；they discover the
19、ir own way to learn the language. Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves. They are good guesters who look for clues and form their own conclusions. When they guess wrong, they guess again. They try to learn from mistakes.3Successful
20、language learning is active learning. Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language；they look for such a chance. They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake. They will try anything to communicate. They are n
21、ot afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things; they are willing to make mistakes and try again. When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete. It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every
22、world.4Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose. They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it. It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them. They fin
23、d it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.5What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully. On the other hand, if your language learning has been les
24、s than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Successful language learners derive conclusions_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Independent
25、language learners rely on themselves_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Active language learners seize every opportunity_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The author wrote this text_（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题。B第一篇/BB Weather Map/BA weather map is an imp
26、ortant tool for geographers. A succession of three of four maps presents a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasts are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts; to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming shallow and whether a front is incre
27、asing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a synoptic picture of conditions in the atmosphere at a
28、 given time.All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain an enormous amount of information about weather conditions existing at the time of observation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few minutes what otherwise would take hours
29、 to describe. The United States weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, frosts, droughts, and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day “outlook“ which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur over broad areas of the United States.
30、 These 30-day outlo6ks are based upon an analysis of the upper air levels with often Set the stage for the development of air masses, fronts, and storms.Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions. With the use of electronic instruments and earth satellite
31、s, enormous gains have taken place recently in identifying and tracking storms over regions which have but few meteorological stations. Extensive experiments are also in progress for weather modification studies. But the limitations of weather modification have prevented meteorological results excep
32、t in the seeding of super-cooled, upslope mountainous winds which have produced additional orographical precipitation on the windward side of mountain ranges. Nevertheless, they have provided a clearer understanding of the fundamentals of weather elements.（分数：15.00）(1).One characteristic of weather
33、maps not mentioned by the author in this passage is_.（分数：3.00）A.wind speedB.thermal changesC.frontsD.barometric pressure(2).The thirty-day forecast is determined by examining_.（分数：3.00）A.upper air levelsB.satellite reportsC.changing frontsD.daily air maps(3).The observation of weather conditions by
34、satellites is advantageous because it_.（分数：3.00）A.gives the scientist information not obtained readily otherwiseB.enables man to alter the weatherC.uses electronic instrumentsD.is modern(4).A weather map is synoptic because it_.（分数：3.00）A.summarizes a great deal of informationB.can be interpreted ac
35、curatelyC.appears dailyD.shows changing fronts(5).At the present time, experiments are being conducted in_.（分数：3.00）A.30-day “outlook“B.controlling stormsC.satellitesD.manipulating weatherB第二篇/BB An Imaginary World/BImagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotiona world in which human beings
36、could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, neither anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They c
37、ould not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soon disappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or ene
38、mies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Societys economic underpinnings would he destroyed: since earning $10 million would be more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kin
39、d. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we cat
40、egorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an objects physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to ushurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations coloured by emotions in our famili
41、es, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objects and events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good“ and others are “bad“, and we apply these categories to every aspect of our social lifefrom what foods we eat and what clothes
42、we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals when perform important tasks such
43、 as surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.（分数：15.00）(1).The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotio
44、n is that_.（分数：3.00）A.they would not be able to tell the texture of objectsB.they would not know what was beneficial and what was harmful to themC.they would not be happy with a life without loveD.they would do things that hurt each others feeling(2).According to the passage, peoples learning activi
45、ties are possible because they_.（分数：3.00）A.believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay aliveB.benefit from rewarded for doing the right thingC.know what is vital to progress of societyD.enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thing(3).It can be inferred from the passage that the economic
46、 foundation of society is dependent on_.（分数：3.00）A.the ability to make moneyB.the will to work for pleasureC.the capacity to enjoy incentivesD.the categorizations of our emotional experiences(4).Emotions are significant for mans survival and adaptation because_.（分数：3.00）A.they provide the means by w
47、hich people view the size or shape of objectsB.they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintainedC.they encourage people to perform dangerous achievementsD.they generate more love than hate among people(5).The emotional aspects of an object are more important than
48、its physical aspects in that they_.（分数：3.00）A.help society exploit its members for profitB.encourage us to perform important tasksC.help to perfect the legal and penal systemD.help us adapt our behaviour to the world surrounding usB第三篇/BB Differences of Policemen/BReal policemen hardly recognize any resemblance between their lives and what they see on TV.The first difference is that a policemans real life revolves round criminal law. He has to know exactly what actions are crimes and what evidence can be used to prove them in c
