1、职称英语卫生类 C级真题 2011年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference. A. offered B. investigated C. included D. accepted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. washed C. polished D. mended（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D
2、.3.A number of theories have been proposed to explain the situation. A. suggested B. tested C. used D. announced（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effort B. problem C. concern D. influence（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge. A. sho
3、rt B. hard C. good D. long（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.The book took ten years of thorough research. A. basic B. careful C. social D. major（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The love of money is the root of all evil. A. result B. cause C. end D. force（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.The test produced disappointing results. A. unsatisfacto
4、ry B. indirect C. similar D. positive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.Eventually,she got a job and moved to London. A. Finally B. Certainly C. Luckily D. Naturally（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Things have changed a lot since I was a child. A. greatly B. gradually C. suddenly D. frequently（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.Marsha confesse
5、d that she knew nothing of computer. A. reported B. hoped C. answered D. admitted（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.My doctor said I should vary my diet more. A. prepare B. cook C. choose D. change（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.She can be relied on in a crisis. A. looked after B. depended on C. believed in D. turned on（分数：1.
6、00）A.B.C.D.14.They converted the spare bedroom into an office. A. reduced B. moved C. turned D. reformed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.His long-term goal is to set up his own business. A. idea B. energy C. order D. aim（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Are You Getting Enough Sleep?What happens if you
7、dont get enough sleep? Randy Gardner,a high school student in the United States,wanted to find out. He designed an experiment on the effects of sleeplessness for a school science project. With doctors watching him carefully, Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours and 12 minutes. Thats eleven days and ni
8、ghts without sleep!What effect did sleeplessness have on Gardner? After 24 hours without sleep, Gardner started having trouble reading and watching television. The words and pictures were too blurry(模糊). By the third day,he was having trouble doing things with his hands. By the fourth day,Gardner wa
9、s hallucinating(产生幻觉). For example,when he saw a street sign,he thought it was a person. He also imagined he was a famous football player. Over the next few days,Gardners speech became so slurred(不 清楚)that people couldnt understand him. He also had trouble remembering things. By the eleventh day,Gar
10、dner couldnt pass a counting test. In the middle of the test he simply stopped counting. He couldnt remember what he was doing.When Gardner finally went to bed,he slept for 14 hours and 45 minutes. The second night he slept for twelve hours, the third night he slept for ten and one-half hours,and by
11、 the fourth night, he had returned to his normal sleep schedule.Even though Gardner recovered quickly,scientists believe that going without sleep can be dangerous. They say that people should not repeat Randys experiment. Tests on white rats have shown how serious sleeplessness can be. After a few w
12、eeks without sleep,the rats started losing their fur(皮毛). And even though the rats ate more food than usual, they lost weight. Eventually the rats died.During your lifetime, you will probably spend 25 years or more sleeping. But why? What is the purpose of sleep? Surprisingly, scientists dont know f
13、or sure. Some scientists think we sleep in order to replenish(补充)brain cells. Other scientists think that sleep helps the body to grow and to relieve stress. Whatever the reason, we know that it is important to get enough sleep.（分数：7.00）(1).Randy Gardner studied the effects of over-sleeping.（分数：1.00
14、）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).During the experiment,Gardner slept for two hours every night.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).During the experiment,Gardner had trouble speaking clearly.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).It took four days for Gardner to recover from the effects of
15、the experiment.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Going without sleep is not dangerous for white rats.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Scientists are not sure why we need sleep.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).People sleep less than they used to.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not
16、mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Meaning of Dreams1. Dreams play an important role in our lives. If they can be correctly interpreted, we can come to understand ourselves better. Here,we look at four common dreams and what they potentially symbolize.2. I can see their laughing faces.laug
17、hing at me. But they arent as smart. If they were ,theyd be up here flying with me ! This dream has both positive and negative connotations(涵义). On the positive side,the dream may express a strong desire to travel and get away from everyday routine. It can also be interpreted as a powerful desire to
18、 achieve. On the other hand, this dream can mean the person has a problem or is afraid of something and they wish to escape. The dream could represent an inferior- ity complex(自卑情结),which the dreamer attempts to escape from by putting themselves up above others.3. Im moving fast now ,but its still b
19、ehind me. Doesnt matter how fast I go ,I still cant escape. Although this is a traditional symbol of health and vitality(生命力)like the first one,it can also suggest the dreamer is trying to escape from danger. Usually,fear is the dominant emotion. By running hard,the dreamer can possibly escape the t
20、hreat. However,they can also stumble(蹒跚) or worse still stop moving altogether. This makes the fear even more terrifying(恐怖的). One possible interpretation suggests that the person is under pressure in their everyday life.4. Im sweating and my heart is beating. Im trapped in my own bed. In this dream
21、,the person is often standing on a high,exposed place such as on the top of a tower,or on the edge of a cliff. The overwhelming(强烈的)feeling changes from anxiety to a loss of control. There is nothing to stop the person,and the feeling as they go over the edge can be horrifyingly(恐怖地) real. Fortunate
22、ly,just before hitting the ground, the dreamer awakens with a sense of enormous relief. This dream suggests that the dreamer is afraid of losing control and has a fear of failure or even death.5. The wind is pushing me and I slip. There s nothing I can do.nothing I can hold on to. This symbol is ass
23、ociated with fear: suddenly the dreamer loses all power of movement. They try hard to move their arms and legs. but they simply cannot. Frozen in a terrifying situation with no escape,they become more and more terrified as the seconds go by. Another frequent context for this dream is failing to do s
24、omething in public,often something which you are normally very good at,such as your job. Not only is this extremely embarrassing,but it also shows a deep seated phobia(恐惧)of losing a job and a livelihood. A. Dream of running hard B. Dream of falling down C. Dream of being pushed away D. Dream of fly
25、ing into the air E. Dream of climbing trees F. Dream of diving into the water（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5). A. be under pressure in everyday life B. be afraid of losing control in real
26、life C. feel inferior in reality D. feel lonely in everyday life E. feel tired in real life F. be afraid of losing: his job in real life27. If a person puts himself up above others in the dream,he may_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).If a person dreams of being chased by others, he may_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).If a
27、 person dreams of going over the edge of a diff,he may_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).If a person dreams of failing to do something in public, be may_.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Sprained(扭伤)AnkleOne of the most common injuries teenagers and adults experience is a sprained
28、ankle. A sprain occurs when the ligaments(韧带)of a joint are twisted(扭伤) and possibly torn. Ligaments are bands of fibers that hold the bones of a joint in position. A sprain can occur from a sudden twisting at the joint, or a stretching or tearing of the fibers of the ligaments. The injured area usu
29、ally swells(肿胀) and becomes black and blue. Stepping off the sidewalk at the wrong angle or having one foot land in a hole while walking or running can leave you rolling on the ground in pain with an ankle on fire! If you cannot walk without experiencing intense pain,you must seek medical help. If t
30、he pain is manageable,and you can walk,here are three words to help you remember how to treat yourself: Elevate(抬高) Cool Bandage (打绷带 )As soon as there is injury to that ligament, there will be a certain amount of bleeding under the skin. Once the blood pools around the damaged blood vessels, swelli
31、ng occurs. The pressure from the swelling results in additional stress and tenderness to the region. In order to reduce the degree of swelling, lie down as soon as possible and keep the ankle elevated so that it is actually higher than your heart. Next,to reduce blood distribution and keep bleeding
32、to a minimum,apply a cold pack. After 20 minutes, take the pack off,wait half an hour and then reapply. This can be done several times a day for a total of three days.Never leave a cold pack on for more than 20 minutes at a time. Reducing the temperature in that area for an extended period of time s
33、ignals the body to increase blood flow to raise the body temperature! Therefore,one accidentally triggers more blood distribution to the affected area by leaving a cold pack on for too long! Finally,bandage the ankle. Be careful not to wind it too tightly;doing so can restrict blood flow and cause h
34、arm to the entire foot.（分数：15.00）(1).A sprain is caused by（分数：3.00）A.blood vessels being hurt in the foot.B.constantly changing body temperature.C.ligament fibers of a joint being twisted.D.elevating ones ankl(2).The black-and-blue symptom of a sprain is due to（分数：3.00）A.pressing ones ankle.B.a tigh
35、t bandage.C.applying a cold pack.D.bleeding under the skin.(3).The word“it“in paragraph 2(line 5) refers to（分数：3.00）A.injury.B.pressure.C.ankle.D.swellin(4).Once the initial cold pack is removed,what is to be done?（分数：3.00）A.Wait 30 minutes and then reapply the ice pack for 20 minutes.B.Begin bandag
36、ing the ankle.C.Keep the ankle in a position lower than your heart.D.Wait 20 minutes and then reapply the ice pack for 30 minutes.(5).The main idea of the passage is to explain（分数：3.00）A.how a sprain occurs.B.how to treat a sprained ankle.C.how to bandage an injured foot.D.how to reduce the temperat
37、ure of a wounded are六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Attitudes to AIDS NowMost people say that the USA is making progress in fighting AIDS,but they dont know theres no cure and strongly disagree that“the AIDS epidemic(流行)is over,“a new survey finds.The findings, released Thursday by the Kaiser Family Foundation
38、, reassure activists who have worried that public concern about AIDS might disappear in light of recent news about advances in treatment and declines in deaths.“While people are very optimistic about the advances, they re still realistic about the fact that there is no cure“,says Sophia Chang,direct
39、or of HIV programs at the foundation.The Kaiser survey,like a recent USA TODAY Gallup Poll(民意测验),does find that the number of people ranking AIDS as the countrys top health problem has fallen. In the Kaiser poll,38% say its the top concern,down from 44% in a 1996 poll;in the Oallup Poll, 29% say AID
40、S is No. 1,down from 41%in 1992 and 67% in 1987.Other findings from Kaiser, which polled more than 1,200 adults in September and October and asked additional questions of another 1,000 adults in November:52% say the country is making progress against AIDS,up from 32% in 1995.51% say the government s
41、pends too little on AIDS.86% correctly say AIDS drugs can now lengthen lives; an equal number correctly say that the drugs are not cures.67% incorrectly say that AIDS deaths increased or stayed the same in the past year;24% know deaths fell.Daniel Zingale,director of AIDS Action Council,says,“Im enc
42、ouraged that the American people are getting the message that the AIDS epidemic isnt over. I hope the decision-makers in Washington are getting the same message. We have seen signs of complacency(得意). /（分数：15.00）(1).Most people in the USA believe that（分数：3.00）A.advances have been made in treating AI
43、DS.B.AIDS is no longer an epidemic.C.AIDS is killing more people than before.D.there is still no cure for AIDS.(2).Before the findings released by the Kaiser Family Foundation,activists worried that（分数：3.00）A.the Americans might not concern about AIDS any more.B.the government is too optimistic abou
44、t the cure of AIDS.C.the deaths caused by AIDS may increase.D.scientists may not find cures for AIDS.(3).The results of the Kaiser survey and those of Gallup Poll are（分数：3.00）A.similar.B.different.C.both wrong.D.both unrealisti(4).More than 50o% people in the Kaiser poll agree that（分数：3.00）A.advance
45、s in AIDS treatment are too slow.B.AIDS is their top concern.C.the country spends too little on AIDS.D.AIDS deaths fell sharply.(5).The word“message“in the last paragraph means（分数：3.00）A.news.B.report.C.point.D.result.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)How to Be a Successful BusinesspersonHave you ever wondered w
46、hy some people are successful in business and others are not? Heres a story about one successful businessperson. He started out washing dishes and today he owns 168 restaurants.Zubair Kazi was born in Bhatkal,a small town in southwest India. His dream was to be an airplane pilot,and when he was 16 y
47、ears old,he learned to fly a small plane.At the age of 23 and with just a little money in his pocket,Mr. Kazi moved to the United States. He hoped to get a job in the airplane industry in California. Instead,he ended up working for a company that rented cars.While Mr. Kazi was working at the car ren
48、tal(租赁的)company,he frequently ate at a nearby KFC restaurant. To save money on food, he decided to get a job with KFC. For two months, he worked as a cooks assistant. His job was to clean the kitchen and help the cook. “I didnt like it,“Mr,Kazi says, “but I always did the best I could. “One day, Mr.
49、 Kazis two co-workers failed to come to work. That day, Mr. Kazi did the work of all three people in the kitchen. This really impressed the owners of the restaurant. A few months later, the owners needed a manager for a new restaurant. They gave the job to Mr. Kazi. He worked hard as the manager and soon the restauran
