1、职称英语卫生类 C级分类模拟 5及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、补全对话(总题数：7，分数：100.00)What We Take from and Give to the SeaAs long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it. We take fishes from the oceanmillions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions
2、 of people. 1 We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. 2 Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pea
3、rls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. 3 Seaweed becomes food of many kindseven candy, and ice creamas well as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. 4 But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future
4、, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the ocean while the salts are removed. The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea Garbage. 5 Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage
5、 into the ocean is killing off sea life. Water pollution does not only cause great environmental damage but is also the leading of deaths and diseases which should be responsible for the deaths of more than 14,000 people each day, mostly in developing countries. Yet as the world population grows, we
6、 may need the sea and its gifts more than ever. We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late. A. Natural sponges become cleaning aids. B. We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump. C. The area of the sea is becoming s
7、maller and smaller. D. Along with salt, other minerals left after evaporation. E. We even use their bones for fertilizer. F. Some of its contents may cause illness.（分数：12.50）How to Interview PeopleInterviewing (采访) is one of those skills that you can only get better at. You will never again feel so
8、ill at ease as when you try it for the first time, and probably you“ll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he or she may be too shy to reveal. 6 The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience. The basic tools for an interview are paper and t
9、wo or three well-sharpened pencils. But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it. There“s nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad. 7 Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you“re dealing with, getting him or her to tr
10、ust you. Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can. If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record. If it“s an actor, know what plays he has been in. 8 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have
11、 no right to inquire about his personal secrets. 9 Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting, and they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen. This doesn“t ne
12、cessarily mean that it will go well. In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, and they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use. 10 You will both even begin to enjoy it proof that you aren“t forcing your victim t
13、o do something he doesn“t really want to. A. Come back another day; it will go better. B. But at least half of the skill is mechanical. C. As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony. D. You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance. E.
14、 This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary. F. Both of you need time to get to know each other.（分数：12.50）Caribbean IslandsWhat would you see if you took a cruise to the Caribbean Islands? Palm trees and coconuts (椰子)? White beaches and clear, blue ocean? Colorful corals (珊瑚) and even more colorful
15、 fishes and birds? You bet. There are thousands of islands in the Caribbean Sea. They are famous for their warm, tropical climate and great natural beauty. The Caribbean Islands form a chain that separates the Caribbean Sea from the rest of the Atlantic Ocean. Some of the islands were formed by the
16、eruption (爆发) of ancient volcanoes (火山). 11 The Caribbean Islands are known by several names. 12 The explorer Christopher Columbus called the islands the Indies in 1492 because he thought he was near the coast of India. Later, Spain and France called the islands the Antilles. There are four large is
17、lands in the Caribbean Sea. 13 These four islands are often called the Greater Antilles. Together, they account for about 90 percent of the land area of the Caribbean Islands. The rest of the Caribbean Islands are much smaller. Some of these islands are no more than tiny slivers (小片) of exposed cora
18、l. You can see why pirates (海盗) such as the famous Blackbeard sailed these waters. 14 The weather of the Caribbean Sea is almost always warm and sunny. Sandy beaches line the coasts of many islands. This is why millions of tourists visit the islands each year. 15 A. But life on the Caribbean Islands
19、 is not always paradise. B. The earliest name used by Europeans is the Indies, later changed to the West Indies. C. Others are low-lying coral islands that gradually rose from the ocean. D. They are Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Hispaniola. E. Many tourists arrive on cruise ships. F. There are cou
20、ntless small islands to bury treasure or hide on.（分数：15.00）Lowering the Risk of Heart DiseaseLike millions of other Americans, I come from a family with a history of the heart disease. My father had his first three heart attacks when he was only thirty-one. 16 I grew up with heart disease. It was th
21、ere, but I didn“t take it seriously. When I was thirty-one, my blood cholesterol (胆固醇) level was measured for the first time. It was 311 mg/dl, the doctor told mean extremely high level that put me at a very high risk of heart disease, especially with my family history. He sent me to the National In
22、stitutes of Health (NIH) to be screened for participation in a clinical trial. 17 At NIH, physicians explained the degree of risk associated with my blood cholesterol level and the nature of the experiment. This test involves putting a tube through a leg artery (动脉) up to the heart. 18 Learning abou
23、t the risks of the experiment as well as the risk associated with my raised blood cholesterol level scared the life out of me. Although I was excluded from participating in the study, the experience may well have saved my life. For the first time, I began to realize the seriousness of high blood cho
24、lesterol. 19 But equally important, I got a taste of what it is like to be a patient, to have tests done on me and to think of myself as sick. This was hard to take. This experience taught me two lifesaving lessons. First, although I felt fit and strong, I was actually at high risk for heart disease
25、 because of my high blood cholesterol level. And with my family history, it could not be ignored. 20 A. Second, I could lower my blood cholesterol level simply by changing what I ate. B. I was three years old at that time. C. There is not enough oxygen in the blood. D. It was a heart attack just wai
26、ting to happen. E. The trial was designed to test the effect of lowering blood cholesterol on the risk of heart disease. F. The death rate for the test was only 1 in 100, I was assured.（分数：15.00）Price planningA price represents the value of a goods or service for both the seller and the buyer. Price
27、 planning is systematic decision making by an organization regarding all aspects of pricing. The value of a goods or service can involve both tangible and intangible marketing factors. An example of a tangible marketing factor is the cost savings 21 . An example of an intangible marketing factor is
28、a consumer“s pride in the ownership of a Lamborghini rather than another brand of automobile. For an example to take place, both the buyer and seller must feel that the price of a goods or service provides an equitable value. To the buyer, the payment of a price reduces purchasing power 22 . To the
29、seller, receipt of a price is a source of revenue and an important determinant of sales and profit levels. Many words are substitutes for the term price: admission fee, membership fee, rate, tuition, service charge, donation, rent, salary, interest, retainer, and assessment. No matter what it is cal
30、led, 23 : monetary and non-monetary charges, discounts, handling and shipping fees, credit charges and other forms of interest, and late-payment penalties. A non-price exchange would be selling a new iron for 10 books of trading stamps or an airline offering tickets as payment for advertising space
31、and time. Monetary and non-monetary exchange may be combined. This is common with automobiles, 24 . This combination allows a reduction in the monetary price. From a broader perspective, price is the mechanism for allocating goods and services among potential purchasers and for ensuring competition
32、among sellers in an open market economy. If there is an excess of demand over supply, prices are usually bid up by consumers. If there is an excess of supply over demand, 25 . A. a price contains all the terms of purchase B. obtained by the purchase of a new bottling machine by a soda manufacturer C
33、. where the consumer gives the seller money plus a trade-in D. available for other items E. prices are usually reduced by sellers F. price means what one pays for what he wants（分数：15.00）Death ControlA very important world problemin fact, I am inclined to say it is the most important of all the great
34、 world problems 26 is the rapidly increasing pressure of population on land and resources. This enormous increase of population will create immense problems. By 2000, unless something desperate happens, there Will be as many as 7,000,000,000 people on the surface of the earth. So this is a problem w
35、hich you are going to see in your lifetime. Why is this enormous increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and the practice of 27 . Have you heard of birth control? Death control is something rather different. Death control recognizes the work of the doctor
36、s and the nurses and the hospitals and the health services in keeping alive people who, 28 , would have died of some of the incredibly serious killing diseases, as they used to do. Squalid conditions, which we can remedy by an improved standard of living, caused a lot of disease and dirt. Medical ex
37、aminations at school catch diseases early and ensure healthier school children. Scientists are at work stamping out malaria and other more deadly diseases. If you are seriously ill there is an ambulance to take you to a modem hospital. Medical care helps 29 . We used to think seventy was a good age.
38、 Now eighty, ninety, it may be, are coming to be recognized as a normal age for human beings. People are living longer because of this death control, and 30 , so the population of the world is shooting up. A. fewer children are dying B. a few years ago C. what is coming to be called death control D.
39、 which face us at the present time E. making it possible for people to live longer F. to keep people alive longer（分数：15.00）Robotic Cones and BarrelsA University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels (锥形路标和路障 ). 31 They can even be programmed to move on their own at any partic
40、ular part of the day, said Shane Farritor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska. For example, if workers arrived at 6 a. m, the cones could move from the side of the highway to block off the lane at that time. 32 “It just seems like a very good application for robots,“ Farrit
41、or said. “The robotic cones would also help remove people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place,“ Farritor said in a report on his creation. 33 This fund allowed Farritor to work on the project with graduate students at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard. The
42、robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are small enough not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides (辅助用具). “It would look exactly the same,“ Farritor said. “Normally there“s a kind of rubbery, black base to them. 34 “ Farritor has talked with officials from
43、the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most useful to what they might need. The robots could come in handy following a slow-moving maintenance operation, like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt, where now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the operation
44、proceeds. “That way you don“t have to block off a 10-mile strip for the operation,“ Farritor said. While prototypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he has applied for a patent and is considering what to do next. 35 He is also thinking about marketing the robots to roads d
45、epartments and others across the country that may benefit from them. A. And they can return to the original place at the end of the day. B. He is thinking about starting a small business. C. Farritor was “Inventor of the Year“ in 2003. D. Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sc
46、iences grant. E. We replace that with a robot. F. These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into place, from computer commands made miles away.（分数：15.00）职称英语卫生类 C级分类模拟 5答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、补全对话(总题数：7，分数：100.00)What We Take from and Give to the SeaAs long as we have been on
47、earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it. We take fishes from the oceanmillions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. 1 We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it e
48、vaporates. 2 Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. 3 Seaweed becomes food of many kindseven candy, and ice creamas well as medicine.
49、 Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. 4 But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the ocean while the salts are removed. The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea Garbage. 5 Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life. Water pollution does not only cause great environmental damage but is also the l
