1、职称英语卫生类 C 级分类模拟 2 及答案解析(总分：100.03，做题时间：90 分钟)一、阅读判断分析(总题数：7，分数：100.00)Keep on FightingTurning once again to the question of invasion, I would observe that there has never been a period in all these long centuries of which we boast when an absolute guarantee against invasion, still less against serio
2、us raids, could have been given to our people. In the days of Napoleon the same wind which would have carried his transports across the Channel might have driven away the blockading (封锁) fleet. There was always the chance, and it is that chance which has excited and befooled (愚弄的) the imaginations o
3、f many continental tyrants. Many are the tales that are told. We are assured that novel methods will be adopted, and when we see the originality of malice (怨恨), the ingenuity of aggression, which our enemy displays, we may certainly prepare ourselves for every kind of novel stratagem (战略) and every
4、kind of brutal and treacherous (奸诈的) maneuver (花招). I think that no idea is so outlandish (古怪的) that it should not be considered and viewed with a searching, but at the same time, I hope, with a steady eye. We must never forget the solid assurances of sea power and those which belong to air power if
5、 it can be locally exercised. I have, myself, full confidence that if all do their duty, if nothing is neglected, and if the best arrangements are made, as they are being made, we shall prove ourselves once again able to defend our island home, to ride out the storm of war, and to outlive the menace
6、 (威胁) of tyranny, if necessary for years, if necessary alone. At any rate, that is what we are going to try to do. This is the resolve of his Majesty“s governmentevery man of them. This is the will of parliament and the nation. The British Empire and the French republic, linked together in their cau
7、se and in their need, will defend to the death their native soil, aiding each other like good comrades to the utmost of their strength. Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous states have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious (可憎的) apparatus of Nazi ru
8、le, we shall not flag (变弱) or fail. We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost might be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall figh
9、t on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills, we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this island or a large part of it were subjugated (征服) and starving, then our empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded
10、by the British fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in God“s good time, the new world, with its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old.（分数：14.00）(1).Throughout Britain“s history, there has been no guarantee that an invasion would not happen.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.W
11、rongC.Not mentioned(2).Napoleon and his army once crossed the English Channel and conquered Britain.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The enemy will use every means conceivable to destroy Britain.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Churchill is confident that he will live longer than H
12、itler.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The Royal Air Force will launch massive air strikes against the Germans.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).The British Empire is so strong that it does not have to take Hitler“s menace seriously.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Although
13、 many countries have been overrun by the Germans, the British people will never give in.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedG8 SummitLeaders of the Group of Eight Major Industrialized Nations (G8) will meet in Scotland in July this year. Representatives from China, India, Mexico, South Africa and
14、Brazil have also been invited. Here“s what the G8 leaders want from the meeting. British Prime Minister Tony Blair wants the G8 to cancel debt to the world“s poorest countries. He wants them to double aid to Africa to 50 billion pounds by 2010. He has also proposed reducing subsidies to Western farm
15、ers and removing restrictions on African exports. This has not got the approval of all members because it will hurt their agricultural interests. On climate change, Blair wants concerted (共同的) action by reducing carbon emissions (排放). US President George W. Bush agrees to give help to Africa. But he
16、 says he doesn“t like the idea of increasing aid to countries as it will increase corruption. Bush said he would not sign an agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions at the summit, according to media. The US is the only G8 member not to have signed the Kyoto Protocol (京都协议书). Although the US is the
17、 world“s biggest polluter, Bush so far refuses to believe there is sufficient scientific data to establish beyond a doubt that there is a problem. French President Jacques Chirac supports Blair on Africa and climate change. He is determined to get the US to sign the climate change deal. German Chanc
18、ellor Gerhard Schroder remains doubtful of Blair“s Africa proposals. Schroder“s officials have dismissed the notion that money will solve Africa“s problems as “old thinking“. Berlin says that African states should only receive extra money if they can prove they“ve solved the corruption problem. Russ
19、ian President Vladimir Putin was doubtful about the value of more aid to Africa. But he has seen a way to make this work to his advantage. Putin intends to use the aid to Africa as a springboard (跳板) next year to propose aid to the former Soviet republics of Georgia, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Moldo
20、va. Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi“s priorities are a seat on the UN Security Council, for which he will be lobbying (游说) at the summit. And he“s concerned about the Democratic People“s Republic of Korea“s nuclear weapons programme.（分数：14.00）(1).The G8 countries include China, India, Mexi
21、co, South Africa and Brazil.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Blair hopes that the G8 countries will work together to reduce carbon emissions.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).India has accepted the invitation to attend the G8 meeting.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Bush ag
22、rees to increase aid to Africa.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Chirac takes a stand similar to Blair“s on Africa and climate change.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).According to media, Bush will sign the Kyoto Protocol at the summit.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Japan
23、will reject Blair“s proposal to increase aid to Africa.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedMother Nature Shows Her StrengthTornadoes and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trumbull County on Saturday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous. George Snyder was driving
24、the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel cloud was behind him. “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared.“ Snyder said. Sn
25、yder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees fell onto houses and cars. Other trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down. Amanda Symcheck was having a party when
26、 the storm began. “Knew something was wrong,“ she said. “I saw the sky go green and pink. Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to go to the basement for protection.“ The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a
27、 long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes. The storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull Coun
28、ty. The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble. Many people who live near the river had
29、to leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuated. The Red Cross served meals to them. “This was a really intense storm,“ said Snyder. “People were afraid. Mother na
30、ture can be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed.“（分数：14.00）(1).The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).George Snyder was a firefighter.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the base
31、ment when the storm began.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Power supply system was not damaged during the storm.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).There had not been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Rescue vehicles h
32、ad a hard time getting to people.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Several people were missing during the storm.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedCalifornia Gives Green Light to Space Solar PowerEnergy beamed down from space is one step closer to reality, now that California has given th
33、e green light to an agreement that would see the Pacific Gas and Electric Company buy 200 megawatt (兆瓦) of power beamed down from solar-power satellites beginning in 2016. But some major challenges will have to be overcome if the technology is to be used widely. A start-up company called Solaren is
34、designing the satellites, which it says will use radio waves to beam energy down to a receiving station on Earth. The attraction of collecting solar power in space is the almost uninterrupted sunshine available in geosynchronous (与地球同步的) orbit. Earth-based solar cells, by contrast, can only collect
35、sun light during daytime and when skies are clear. “But space-based solar power must grapple (努力克服) with the high cost per kilogram of launching things into space,“ says Richard Schwartz of Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana. “If you“re talking about it being economically viable or power o
36、f the Earth, it“s a tough go.“ he says. Cal Boer Man, Solaren“s director of energy services, says the company designed its satellites with a view to keeping launch costs down. “We knew we had to come up with a different, revolutionary design,“ he says. A patent the company has won describes ways to
37、reduce the system“s weight, including using inflatable minors to focus sunlight on solar cells, so a smaller number can collect the same amount of energy. “But using minors introduces other challenges, including keeping the solar cells from overheating,“ says Schwartz. “You have to take care of heat
38、 dissipation (散发) because you“re now concentrating a lot of energy in one place,“ he says. According to the company“s patent, Solaren“s solar cells will be connected to radiators to help keep them cool. Though Boer Man says the company believes it can make space-based solar power work, it is not exp
39、ecting to crowd out other forms of renewable energy. Laws in California and other states require increasing use of renewable energy in coming years, he points out. “To meet those needs, we“re going to need all types of renewable energy sources,“ he says.（分数：14.00）(1).Solar-power satellites will use
40、radio waves to beam energy down from space.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Solaren is going to design 200 solar-power satellites.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Space-based solar cells could collect solar power only when skies are clear.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).O
41、ne advantage of space-based solar power system is that it is economical.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Inflatable minors are used to reduce the space-based solar power system.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Space-based solar power will rule out other forms of renewable energy so
42、urces.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Many countries will grant permission for the use of spaced-based solar power soon.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentionedWhy is the Native Language Learnt So Well?How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them w
43、ith adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What acc
44、ounts for this difference? Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning the mother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child he
45、ars it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, and right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resis
46、tance: there is perfect assimilation. Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations,
47、 always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him
48、. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled. Finally, though a child“s “teachers“ may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.（分数：1
49、4.00）(1).Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language with ease.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Adults“ knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures children“s success of learning their mother tongue.（分数：2.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).A chi
