1、职称英语卫生类 C 级分类模拟 11 及答案解析(总分：75.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：10，分数：11.00)1.These programmes are of immense value to old people.（分数：1.00）A.naturalB.fatalC.tinyD.enormous2.The book made a great impact on its readers.（分数：1.00）A.forceB.influenceC.surpriseD.power3.Reading the job ad, he wondered whethe
2、r he was eligible to apply for it.（分数：1.00）A.competitiveB.diligentC.qualifiedD.competent4.The room is dim and quiet.（分数：2.00）A.tinyB.pleasantC.darkD.agreeable5.We all think that Mary“s husband is a very dull person.（分数：1.00）A.shyB.stupidC.boringD.selfish6.These factors interact intimately and cannot
3、 be separated.（分数：1.00）A.tenselyB.nearlyC.carefullyD.closely7.It“s prudent to take a thick coat in cold weather when you go out.（分数：1.00）A.controversialB.reasonableC.sensibleD.sensitive8.How can we reduce the risk of cancer?（分数：1.00）A.cut inB.cut downC.cut offD.cut out9.While we don“t agree, we cont
4、inue to be friends.（分数：1.00）A.WhoeverB.WhereC.AlthoughD.Whatever10.Chemical weapons are banned internationally.（分数：1.00）A.listedB.forbiddenC.handledD.investigated二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Cooking Off Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes wh
5、ile men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking, said medical experts after a five-year research study. Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger, especially women. According to the Shanghai Tumor Research
6、Institute, more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer, it has the second-highest incidence rate. “An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer,“ said Dr. He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagno
7、sis and Treatment Center. He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them, 1,483 were male. Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke, according to the report. However, more than
8、 60 percent of women with the disease had long-term, close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about irritated eyes and throat. About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women“s bedrooms were adjacent to the kitchen. H
9、owever, local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods. “Unless my family and I don“t eat at home every day, I must stay in the kitchen to cook,“ said Xu Li, a 45-year-old local woman. “I know the fumes are bad for th
10、e skin, but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer. I have already started frying less.“ Doctors said women“s lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition, but was closely related to family cancer history, unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune system
11、s. Other experts agreed with He. “Smoking is by far the biggest cause of lung cancer for men,“ said Dr. Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University“s Medical College. “It“s true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.“ He
12、“s research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used. The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time, experts said.（分数：7.00）(1).Female patients with cancers become younger.（分数：1.00）A.Right
13、B.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Breast cancer has the second-highest incidence rate in Shanghai.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).70 percent of men developed lung cancer because of smoking and second-hand smoke.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Women with close ,long-term contact with cook
14、ing oil fumes mostly suffer from irritated eyes and throat.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).The majority of housewives in Shanghai have realized the harm cooking oil fumes do to their skin.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Poor personal health and physical condition is the main reas
15、on for women“s lung cancer.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).People should stay away from the stands which sell fried foods.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：12.00)China Seek Donors to Narrow Bone Marrow(骨髓)GapChina has launched a campaign to recruit more bone
16、 marrow donors, amid a shortage of funds as well as of sibling donors who could help the growing number of patients in need of life-saving transplants, state media reported on Monday. The Chinese Red Cross began the national campaign over the weekend to find donors for some 4 million patients suffer
17、ing from leukaemia (白血病), thalassanemia (地中海贫血) and other blood diseases and awaiting bone marrow transplants, the official China Daily said. Every year China has 40,000 new leukaemia patients, most of them under 35 and 50 per cent of them children, the newspaper said. Other reports have linked Chin
18、a“s growing childhood leukaemia to solvents and building materials used in interior decoration. With a tiny pool of bone marrow donors, weakened by the absence of sibling donors for most children because of China“s one-child policy, doctors rely on donors from Taiwan to save many young leukaemia pat
19、ients, the Belling Evening News said last weekend. Tatwan, with a population of 22 million, has 210,000 registered donors compared with fewer than 30,000 donors among mainland China“s 1.3 billion people, the newspaper said. Yet the lack of registered donors may reflect a lack of funding for testing
20、and recording data on potential donors rather than a lack of volunteers, the newspaper said. China needs a pool of at least 100,000 donors but testing them would cost more than 50 million yuan (6 million dollars), it said. The Hong Kong Marrow Match Foundation said it has helped “a handful“ of patie
21、nts in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities. “The number of requests is increasing“ from mainland China, including direct calls to the charity from desperate patients or relatives, said the foundation“s donor coordinator Marven Chin. But the cost of extracting bone marrow from one of the foundation“s
22、40,000 registered donors and flying it by courier has to be borne by the patients, and many of them have to be aided financially, Chin said.（分数：12.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1. A. Urgent Need for Both Donors and Funds B. Shortage of Donors C. Desperate Leukaemia Patients D. Seriousness of the Current Situat
23、ion E. Shortage of Funds F. The Help from Hong Kong Marrow Match Foundation（分数：1.50）(2).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.50）(3).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：1.50）(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：1.50）(5).According to the state media, China has launched a campaign to 1. A. about one percent of the total population B. to be responsible
24、 for childhood leukaemia C. an urgent and tough task to be accomplished D. China“s one-child policy E. funding for testing and recording data on potential donors F. recruit more bone marrow donors（分数：1.50）(6).Some solvents and building materials are considered 1.（分数：1.50）(7).The Beijing Evening News
25、 said that the number of sibling donors is small in mainland partly because of 1.（分数：1.50）(8).The lack of registered donors may reflect a lack of 1.（分数：1.50）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Companion of My LifeMost people have had a dog or wanted one as their companion at some time i
26、n their lives. If you are thinking of buying a dog, however, you should first decide what sort of companion you need and whether the dog is likely to be happy in the surroundings you can provide. Specialists“ advice is useful to help you choose the most suitable kind of dog. But in part the decision
27、 depends on common sense. Different dogs were originally developed to perform specific tasks. So, if you want a dog to protect you or your house, for example, you should choose the one that has the right size and characteristics. You must also be ready to devote a great deal of time to training the
28、dog when it is young and give it the exercise it needs throughout its life, unless you live in the countryside and can let it run freely. Dogs are demanding pets. Cats love the house and so are satisfactory with their place where there is secure, but a dog is loyal to its master and consequently wan
29、ts him to show proof of his affection. The best time to buy a baby dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old so that it can transfer its love for its mother to its master. If baby dogs have not established a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old, their strong relat
30、ionship will always be with dogs. They are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is not true according to the passage? _（分数：3.00）A.You can always get help from the specialists.B.It is common sense that is the most impor
31、tant when choosing a dog.C.You should decide what kind of dog you want.D.Size and characteristics of the dogs should be considered too.(2).What is mentioned as a consideration in buying a dog? _（分数：3.00）A.The color of the dog.B.The price of the dog.C.Whether the dog will fit the environment.D.Whethe
32、r the dog will get along with the other pets in the house.(3).Why does the writer say a dog is a more demanding pet than a cat? _（分数：3.00）A.It must be trained so that it won“t bite.B.It demands more food and space.C.It needs more love and care.D.It must be looked after carefully.(4).Why is it advise
33、d to buy a baby dog under three months old? _（分数：3.00）A.It“s easier to buy a baby dog under three months old.B.They are less likely to be shy with human beings.C.They are less likely to run away.D.It“s easier for them to form a relationship with their masters.(5).The word “affection“(line 11) means
34、_.（分数：3.00）A.loveB.effectC.tieD.relationship六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a BoostEating potatoes is not only good for bowel health, but also for the whole immune system, especially when they come in the form of a potato salad or eaten cold. In a study on an animal mod
35、el, researchers in Spain found that pigs fed large quantities of raw potato starch (RPS) not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes and lymphocytes in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease, generally
36、 when the body is challenged. The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body. The reduction in leucocyte levels was about 15 percent. Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative of reduced levels of i
37、nflammation, but the observed reduction in both lymphocyte density and lymphocyte apoptosis is surprising. In what was the longest study of its kind, pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to find out the effect of starch on bowel health. “The use of raw potato starch in this experiment is designed to simu
38、late the effects of a diet high in resistant starch,“ said study leader Jose Francisco Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain. Humans do not eat raw potatoes, but they do eat a lot of foods that contain resistant starch, such as cold boiled potatoes, legumes, grains, green bananas, pa
39、sta and cereals. About 10 percent of the starch eaten by human is resistant starchstarch that is not digested in the small intestine and so is shunted into the large intestine where it ferments. Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect on irr
40、itable bowel syndrome (IBS). Immunology expert Lena Ohman“s team previously found that the overall lymphocyte levels do not vary for IBS patients, but that lymphocytes are transferred from the peripheral blood to the gut, which support the hypothesis of IBS being at least partially an inflammatory d
41、isorder. She says the decrease in lymphocytes observed by the Spanish is therefore interesting, and a diet of resistant starch may be worth trying in IBS patients. Ohman is currently at the Department of Internal Medicine, Goteborg University, Sweden. The study is published in the journal Chemistry
42、and Industry, the magazine of the SCI.（分数：15.00）(1).What form of potato is the most nutrient to the human body?（分数：3.00）A.Potato soup.B.Potato cake.C.Potato salad.D.Hot boiled potato.(2).What does the reduction in leucocyte levels in the body mean?（分数：3.00）A.It may mean the reduced levels of inflamm
43、ation.B.It may mean somewhere in the body is inflamed.C.It means that the body is challenged.D.It means that the body cannot produce leucocytes any more.(3).For what a purpose did the researchers use raw potato starch in their experiment?（分数：3.00）A.They wanted to observe how the leucocyte levels red
44、uced in the experimental pigs.B.They wanted to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch.C.They wanted to see how much potato an experimental pig ate every day.D.They wanted to see how much body weight each experimental pig gained in the end.(4).All of the following foods are rich in r
45、esistant starch EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.pastaB.grainsC.legumesD.vegetables(5).What a kind of starch is resistant starch after all?（分数：3.00）A.It may cause irritable bowel syndrome.B.It may bring about at least partially inflammatory disorder.C.It may raise leucocyte and lymphocyte levels in the body.D.It
46、 cannot be digested in the small intestine and ferments in the large intestine.七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Some Things We Know about LanguageMany things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sor
47、t. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language.
48、 There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood; indeed, the d
49、irect contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive system of noises. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek. A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfec
