1、职称英语卫生类 C级-9 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Professor Baker is a co-worker of Professor Ayers.（分数：1.00）A.an advisorB.a discipleC.a rivalD.a colleague2.When the lorry drove past, the exhaust pipe belched dense petrol fumes.（分数：1.00）A.showedB.sentC.broughtD.produced3.Gadf
2、ly was too much exhausted to wake easily when once asleep.（分数：1.00）A.worn outB.-drearyC.reluctantD.chary4.It was clear that they regarded him with affection, as well as with respect.（分数：1.00）A.appealB.angerC.anxietyD.love5.The old man got into the habit of storing money under the bed.（分数：1.00）A.coun
3、tingB.burningC.stealingD.keeping6.The man set upon by a wolf in the forest.（分数：1.00）A.attackedB.seizedC.snatchedD.frightened7.Beware of pickpockets in public places.（分数：1.00）A.Take care ofB.Look forC.Watch out forD.Take notice of8.Congressional debate over the passage of this controversial bill is i
4、nevitable.（分数：1.00）A.popularB.personalC.disputedD.beneficial9.Will you look through my essay, please, to find out whether I made any mistakes?（分数：1.00）A.see throughB.go overC.look upD.look into10.What do you think would be the value of this ring, if I were to sell it?（分数：1.00）A.costB.priceC.signific
5、anceD.importance11.It was obvious that she was not going home.（分数：1.00）A.probableB.necessaryC.possibleD.evident12.He lacked the strength to deal with all these problems.（分数：1.00）A.cope withB.talk aboutC.copy downD.think of13.After making observations for a week in the plant, the industrial engineer
6、made a number of very constructive suggestions in an oral report to the manager.（分数：1.00）A.carefulB.cautiousC.deservedD.helpful14.Could you please arrange an appointment for me to see Mr. Smith?（分数：1.00）A.keepB.makeC.doD.take15.I cant make it because of a previous engagement.（分数：1.00）A.primaryB.prio
7、rC.temporalD.primitive二、B第 2部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。Industrial pollution is not only a problem for the countries of Europe and North America. It is an extremely serious problem in some developing countries. For these counties, economic growth is a very important
8、 aim. They want to introduce industries, and so they put few controls on industries which cause pollution.Cubatao, an industrial town of 85,000 people in Brazil, is an example of the connection between industrial development and pollution. In 1954, Cubatao had no industry. Today it has more than twe
9、nty large factories, which produce many pollutants(污染物). The people of the town are suffering from the poisonous matters in their surroundings, and the bad effects can be clearly seen. Birth shortcomings are extremely common. Among children and grown-ups, lung problems are sometimes twelve times mor
10、e common in Cubatao than in other places.It is true that Brazil, like many other countries, has laws against pollution, but these laws are not carried out strictly enough. It is cheaper for companies to take no notice of the laws and pay the fines(罚款)than to buy the expensive equipment that will red
11、uce the pollution, It is clear, therefore, that economic growth is more important to the government than to the health of the workers. However, the responsibility(责任) does not completely lie with the Brazilian government. The example of Cubatao shows that international companies are not acting in a
12、responsible way either. A number of the factories in the town are owned by large companies from France, Italy, and the U.S. They are doing things in Brazil that they would not be able to do at home. If they caused the same amount of pollution at home, they would be severely(严厉的)punished or even put
13、out of business.（分数：7.00）(1).Industrial pollution is the problem for European countries only.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).A lot- of countries are trying to solve the pollution problems.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Brazil has no laws against pollution.（
14、分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).A large number of companies are not owned by Brazil.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).In Cubatao, heart problems are 12 times more common than in other places.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Brazilian governm
15、ent pay more attention to economic growth（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).A lot of people have died from pollution in Cubatao.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题
16、要求从所给的 6个选项中选择 4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。1. Mind and body are two parts of a complex organism controlled by the nervous system, which acts on information received from the senses. The way a person perceives and reacts depends on his mood, his state of health, his diet, his body temperature and his level of co
17、nsciousness.2. There is considerable evidence that every thought or emotion has some related physical effect, and that every change within the nervous system should have some psychological effect. Although the precise nature of these correlations is not always known, the view that body and mind are
18、constantly interacting in some way is now accepted by most psychologists.3. The relationship between mind and body is particularly apparent in emotional states, especially those of fear and anger. When a person is in the grip of a powerful emotion his body undergoes changes, just as it does when he
19、is asleep, ill or under the influence of drugs or alcohol. Most people are familiar with such sensations as a dry mouth when they are nervous, or a racing heart when they are afraid or excited. Such physical changes can be measured, for instance, by recording pulse rate and breathing, or by measurin
20、g the dilation of the pupils of the eyes.4. a particularly sensitive measure of bodily change during periods of emotion is the galvanic skin response(GSR). This is used in the instrument known as the lie detector. The GSR depends on the fact that some mental activity produces bodily changes, such as
21、 sweating, which affect the skins resistance to electricity. To measure GSR, electrodes are placed on the palm and on the back of the hand, and a weak current is passed between the electrodes. Changes in the current are recorded in an amplified form, often by means of an automatically controlled pen
22、 on moving paper. Other recordings, for instance of pulse, blood pressure and breathing, can be made simultaneously, by an instrument called a polygraph.5. The galvanic skin response method has proved a very efficient indicator of general psychological arousal. Even slight embarrassment will cause a
23、 defection of the recording pen.（分数：8.00）(1).Para 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Para 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Para 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Para 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).There is a lot of _ that every emotion has some physical effect.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).OSR is used in the instrument know as the _.（分数：1.00）填空
24、项 1:_(7).Blood pressure can be made by a _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Changes in the current are recorede by means of a _. A. pen（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3篇短文，每篇短文后有 5道题，每题后面有 4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4个选项中选择 1个最佳答案。B第一篇/BIn the old days, children were familiar with birth and d
25、eath as part of life. This is perhaps the first generation of American youngster(年轻人)who have never been close by during the birth of a baby and have never experienced the death of a family member.Nowadays when people grow old, we often send them to nursing homes. When they get sick, we transfer the
26、m to a hospital, where children are forbidden to visit terminally ill patients-even when those patients are their parents. This deprives(剥夺)the dying patient of significant family members during the last few days of his life and it deprives the children of an experience of death, which is an importa
27、nt learning experience.Some of my colleagues and I once interviewed and followed approximately 500 terminally ill patients in order to find out what they could teach us and how we could be of more benefit, not just to them but to the members of their families as well. We were most impressed by the f
28、act that even those patients who were not told of their serious illness were quite aware of its potential outcome.It is important for family members, and doctors and nurses to understand these patients communications in order to truly understand their needs, fears, and fantasies(幻想). Most of our pat
29、ients welcomed another human being with whom they could talk openly, honestly, and frankly about their trouble. Many of them shared with us their tremendous need to be informed, to be kept up-to-date on their medical condition, and to be told when the end was near. We found out that patients who had
30、 been dealt with openly and frankly were better able to cope with the approach of death and finally to reach a true stage of acceptance prior to death.（分数：15.00）(1).Five hundred critically ill patients were investigated with the main purpose of _.（分数：3.00）A.learning how to best help them and their f
31、amiliesB.observing how they reacted to the crisis of deathC.helping them and their families overcome the fear of deathD.finding out their attitude towards the approach of death(2).It may be concluded from the passage that _.（分数：3.00）A.most patients are unable to accept death until it is obviously in
32、evitableB.dying patients are afraid of being told of the approach of deathC.dying patients should be truthfully informed of their conditionD.most doctors and nurses understand what dying patients need(3).The elders of contemporary Americans _.（分数：3.00）A.were quite unfamiliar with birth and deathB.us
33、ually witnessed the birth or death of a family memberC.had often experienced the fear of death as part of lifeD.were often absent when a family member was born or dying(4).The need of a dying patient for company shows _.（分数：3.00）A.his reluctance to part with his familyB.his desire for communication
34、with other peopleC.his fear of approaching deathD.his pessimistic attitude towards his condition(5).Children in America today are denied the chance _.（分数：3.00）A.to attend to patientsB.to have access to a hospitalC.to learn how to face deathD.to visit dying patients B第二篇/BThe seriously depressed pers
35、on sees himself in a very negative way. He is sure that he is alone and hopeless. He often blames himself for ordinary faults and shortcomings which he exaggerates. He is very discouraged about himself, the world, and his future. He becomes less interested in what is going on around him and doesnt g
36、et satisfaction from things he used to enjoy. Fatigue and early morning sleeplessness are quite common. The depressed person may want to sleep more than usual. He may lose his appetite and lose weight or eat more than normally and gain weight. Another particular sign, seen in women is crying spells.
37、 Many of these spells are short and common.Some depressive illness may not show the usual signs of moody sadness and hopelessness. In these cases, the potential depression may mask itself as physical discomfort. It may be a cause of alcoholism, or it may cause addiction to a drug. Chronic fatigue an
38、d boredom, as well as continual failure, may be unrecognized forms of depression. There is even evidence that the overly active child may be making up for an potential depression.Depressives share the feeling that they have lost something very important to them, though often this is not really the c
39、ase. From a feeling of loss, the depressed person progresses to false ideas that he is a loser and will always be a loser, that he must be worthless and perhaps not fit to live. He may even attempts suicide. So many very depressed people attempt suicide that depressive illness may be considered the
40、only fatal mental illness. Not all those suffering from depressive illness do attempt suicide. Nor are all those who attempt suicide necessarily suffering from illness. But the relationship is striking. It is estimated that as many as 75 percent of those who attempt suicide are seriously depressed,
41、Other studies show that the person hospitalized for depression is about 36 times more likely to commit suicide than is the non-depressed person. The greatest risk occurs during or immediately after hospitalization. After age 40, the possibility of suicide increases in very depressed persons. Almost
42、twice as many women as men suffer from depressive illness. Almost twice as many women as men attempt suicide, but three times more men than women succeed, Depressions is a tragic condition which often leads to broken homes, ruined friendships and careers, and disrupted lives.（分数：15.00）(1).According
43、to the author, the severely depressed person _.（分数：3.00）A.is often awake very early in the morningB.must take sleeping pills to fall asleepC.should have more rest than other peopleD.would like to go to bed early in the evening(2).According to the passage, an overly active child _.（分数：3.00）A.is not d
44、epressedB.rejects depressed peopleC.is likely to be depressedD.may be depressed(3).Statistics show that _.（分数：3.00）A.one who has been hospitalized is likely to commit suicideB.depressive illness is most obvious in menC.more men than women commit suicideD.children who are loved are never depressed(4)
45、.Which of the following is not true?（分数：3.00）A.The depressed person has false ideas because of his feeling of loss.B.Depressives think in general that they have lost something very important to them.C.The number of death from suicide is larger among women than among men.D.Crying spells in women is p
46、erhaps a sign of depression.(5).The best title for the passage is _.（分数：3.00）A.A Seriously Depressed PersonB.Depressive IllnessC.Depression And SuicideD.A Tragic ConditionB第三篇/BWhy does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the structure o
47、f the food, not its chemical composition-a finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a mystery. Both are emulsions-tiny globules(小球体)of one liquid evenly distribut
48、ed throughout another. The difference lies in whats in the globules and whats in the surrounding liquid, says Brocklehurst, who led the investigation.In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which m
49、ake the food go bad prefer to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture,“ he says.When the situation is reversed, the bacteria are locked away in compartments(隔仓室)buried deep in the sea of fat. Trapped in this way, individual colon
