1、职称英语卫生类 C 级-7 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Boil drinking water for at least five minutes, to kill the germs, then let it cool in a clean container. Keep it covered.（分数：1.00）A.insectsB.bugsC.bacteriaD.pests2.Lets arrange the provisional meeting for next Wednesday, eve
2、n though we may have to change it.（分数：1.00）A.tentativeB.practicalC.localD.commercial3.The room was filled with the scent, of flowers.（分数：1.00）A.atmosphereB.potC.featureD.odor4.What influenced you to do it?（分数：1.00）A.affirmedB.affectedC.invitedD.interested5.If a thing is conspicuous by its absence, i
3、t is something that everyone expects to be there.（分数：1.00）A.noticeableB.necessaryC.regrettableD.indifferent6.According to many sources, the safest drinking water is from a piped supply.（分数：1.00）A.many resourcesB.a great deal of informationC.many sausagesD.a great deal of salvage7.When once you have
4、caught the disease, you are immune from it for the rest of your life.（分数：1.00）A.freeB.busyC.calmD.impatient8.The farmers worried about the lack of rain.（分数：1.00）A.shortageB.driftC.woeD.burden9.The doctors performed a heart operation that was a miracle of medical skill.（分数：1.00）A.climaxB.prodigyC.mir
5、ageD.acme10.That apartment has been vacant for over a month.（分数：1.00）A.occupiedB.damagedC.emptyD.rented11.Blend the sugar, flour, and eggs together.（分数：1.00）A.bringB.mixC.takeD.buy12.He paused for a moment, then continued speaking.（分数：1.00）A.satB.stoodC.shookD.stopped13.Be suspicious about water fro
6、m other sources, such as ponds, streams, wells, tanks, water trucks or public standpipes.（分数：1.00）A.braveB.doubtfulC.quietD.careful14.The police managed to track down the man in New York.（分数：1.00）A.searchB.catchC.pursueD.survey15.This survey was conducted to find out how many people prefer butter.（分
7、数：1.00）A.examinationB.inspectionC.analysisD.investigation二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。There are some steps you can take yourself to avoid catching a cold. Contrary to popular belief, colds are not caused by exposure to severe weather. Colds are caused by viru
8、ses(病毒)harbored in the body, and you re better off out on the ski slopes or even waiting for the bus on a snowy day than you are in a toasty warm room, surrounded by friends, co-workers, or fellow students, who just may be passing the virus around. If you feel a chill when youre coming down with a c
9、old, youre already sick. A chill is an early symptom: Its the cold that caused the chill, not the other way around.While the virus can spread through droplets propelled into the air when a cold-sufferer coughs or sneezes, surprisingly, this is not the most common route of transmission. Numerous stud
10、ies have now shown that the overwhelming majority of colds are “caught“ by hand contact. A cold-sufferer rubs her nose, thereby transferring the virus to her hand. Then a friend comes to visit.“Dont kiss me,“ she cautions, so the friend steps back and presses her hand. The friend then wipes her own
11、nose or eye-and several days later is stricken with a cold. Or parents pick up their childs discarded(丢弃了的)tissues and carefully throw them away, but fail to wash their hands afterward.Cold viruses also can be transferred to objects-telephones, towels, plates-and remain infections for up to three ho
12、urs. Frequent hand-washing-on the part of the cold-sufferer as well as other members of the household-will minimize the spread of viruses in this way.（分数：7.00）(1).Colds are caused by exposure to severe weather.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).The most common route of cold transmi
13、ssion is by hand contact.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Cold viruses can remain infectious for up to 10 hours.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Sleep can cure colds.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).Only the cold-sufferer needs frequent han
14、d-washing.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Colds can be avoided.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Colds are caused by viruses hiden in the body.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要
15、求从所给的 6 个选项中为规定段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。1. For well over 2000 years the worlds great religions have taught the virtues of a trusting heart. Now there is another reason to merit the wisdom of the ages: scientific evidence indicates that those with trusting hearts wil
16、l live longer, healthier lives.2. As a result of the work published in the 1970s by two pioneering heart specialists, Meyer Friedman and Ray H. Rosenman, nearly every American is aware that blood Type A people are impatient, and easily moved to hostility and anger. Many have come to believe that Typ
17、e As are at a much higher risk of suffering heart attack or dying of heart disease than others.3. The driving force behind hostility is a cynical(愤世嫉俗的)mistrust of others. If we expect others to mistreat us, we are seldom disappointed. This generates anger and leads us to respond with hostility.4. T
18、he most characteristic attitude of a cynic is being suspicious of the motives of people he doesnt know. Imagine you are waiting for an elevator and it stops two floors above for longer than usual. How inconsiderate(不替别人着想的)! You think, In a few seconds, you have drawn hostile conclusions about unsee
19、n people and their motives.5. Meanwhile, your cynical mistrust is leading to noticeable physical consequences. Your voice rises. The rate and depth of your breathing increases. Your heat is beating faster and harder, and harder, and the muscles of your arms and legs become tight. You feel “charged u
20、p“, ready for action.6. If you frequently experience these feelings, you may be at increased risk of developing serious health problems. Anger can add to the risk of heart and other diseases.（分数：8.00）(1).Para 1 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Para 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Para 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Para 6 _.
21、（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Type A people are _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Your heart is beating _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Anger makes us become _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Those with trusting heart will live _. A. taster and harder B. longer and healthier C: heavy D. impatient E. colorful F. hostile（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部
22、分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BThe famous Dr. Edward Jenner was busy trying to solve the problem of smallpox. After studying case after case, he still found no possible cure. He had reached an impasse in his thinking. At this p
23、oint, he changed his tactics. Instead of focusing on people who had smallpox, he switched his attention to people who did not have smallpox. It turned out that dairymaids(挤奶女工)apparently never got the disease. From the discovery that harmless cowpox gave protection against deadly smallpox came vacci
24、nation(牛痘) and the end of smallpox as a scourge(灾祸) in the Western world.We often reach an impasse in our thinking. We are looking at a problem and trying to solve it and it seems there is a deadened, and “aporia“ (the technical term in logic meaning “no opening“). It is on these occasions that we b
25、ecome tense, we feel pressured, overwhelmed, in a state of stress. We struggle vainly, fighting to solve the problem. Dr. Jenner, however, did something about this situation. He stopped fighting the problem and simply changed his point of view-from patients to dairymaids, picture the process going s
26、omething tike this: Suppose the brain is a computer. This computer has absorbed into its memory bank all your history, your experiences, your training, your information received, through life, and it is programmed according to all this data. To change your point of view, you must reprogram your comp
27、uter, thus freeing yourself to take in new ideas and develop new ways of looking at things. Dr. Jenner, in effect, by reprogramming his computer, erased the old way of looking at his smallpox problem and was free to receive new alternatives.（分数：15.00）(1).What does “impasse“ probably mean?（分数：3.00）A.
28、deadenedB.depressionC.solutionD.peak(2).How did Dr. Edward Jenner solve the problem of smallpox?（分数：3.00）A.He kept on focusing on people who had smallpox.B.He changed his way of thinking by turning to people without smallpox.C.Dairymaids advised that he use cowpox to experiment.D.He happened to disc
29、over cowpox and he experimented with it on dairymaids.(3).What does “reprogramming his computer“ mean in the last sentence of the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Change the program of his personal computer.B.Fix his personal computer.C.Look at his problem in a new way.D.Wash his brain of old ideas.(4).We can inf
30、er from the passage that fighting a problem is _.（分数：3.00）A.always sensibleB.sometimes uselessC.annoyingD.rewarding(5).This passage mainly tells us _.（分数：3.00）A.the definition of an impasse in thinkingB.the discovery of vaccinationC.how to fight a problemD.how to change our paint of viewB第二篇/BHave y
31、ou ever suddenly felt that someone you know was in trouble-and he was? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP(超感官知觉).ESP stands for Extra Sensory Perception. It may be called a sixth sense. It seems to let people know about events before they happen, or events that
32、are happening some distance away.Here is an example: A woman was doing washing. Suddenly she screamed. “My father is dead! I saw him sitting in the chair! Just then, a telegram came. The womans father had died of a heart attack. He died sitting in a chair.There are thousands of stories like this on
33、record. Scientists are studying them to find out what is behind these strange mental messages. Heres another example-one of hundreds of dreams that have come true.A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by. The driver said, “Theres room for one more.“ The man felt th
34、e driver was Death, so he ran away. The next day the man was getting on a crowded bus. The bus driver said, “Theres room for one more.“ Then the man saw the drivers face was the same face he had seen in the dream. He wouldnt get on the bus. As the bus drove off, it crashed and burst into flames. Eve
35、ryone was killed!Some people say stories like these are lies or coincidences. Others, including some scientists say that ESP is true. From studies of ESP, we may some day learn more about the human mind.（分数：15.00）(1).ESP lets people know about（分数：3.00）A.their dreamsB.events after they happenC.events
36、 before they happenD.heart attacks(2).The example of the man shows an ability to _.（分数：3.00）A.avoid traffic accidentsB.judge the good and evil of a personC.know about the events that are happening some distance awayD.sense a danger that will actually happen later on(3).In this passage the word “coin
37、cidences“ probably means _.（分数：3.00）A.things which do not happenB.things which happen by accident without necessary connectionC.things which are only dreamsD.things dreamed of only by sick people(4).From the passage, it can be inferred that _ have ESP.（分数：3.00）A.the deadB.menC.womenD.either B or C(5
38、).The best title for this passage is _.（分数：3.00）A.A Sixth SenseB.The Human MindC.A Big LieD.A Terrible DreamB第三篇/BIn the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Nega
39、tive events like “serious illness of a family member“ were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress-it only shows how much you have to deal with. And
40、we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of American who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down
41、to a memorable message. Womens magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!“ If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many -like the death of a lo
42、ved one - are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription(处方)for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job o
43、r move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes were all vulnerable (脆弱的)and passive in the face of adversity (逆 境 5. But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor t
44、han they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and mental strain.（分数：15.00）(1).The result of Holmes-Rahes medical research tells us _.（分数：3.00）A.what should be done to avoid stressB.what kind of event would cause stressC.how to cope w
45、ith sudden changes in lifeD.the way you handle major events may cause stress(2).The studies on stress in the early 1970s led to _.（分数：3.00）A.popular avoidance of stressful jobsB.widespread concern over its harmful effectsC.an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD.great panic over the men
46、tal disorder it could cause(3).The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows _.（分数：3.00）A.how much pressure you are underB.how stressful a major event can beC.how positive event can change your lifeD.how you can deal with life-changing events(4).Why is “such simplistic advice“ (Para. 3) impossible to foll
47、ow?（分数：3.00）A.You could be missing opportunities as well.B.No one can stay on the same job for long.C.No prescription is effective in relieving stress.D.People have to get married someday.(5).According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become _.（分数：3.00）A.physically and me
48、ntally strainedB.nervous when faced with difficultiesC.more capable of coping with adversityD.indifferent toward what happens to them五、B第 5 部分：补全对话/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)阅读下面的短文，文章中有 5 处空白，文章后有 6 组文字，请根据文章的内容选择 5 组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances.U (46) /U. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life chan
