1、职称英语卫生类 C 级-60 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.But Uin the end/U he approved of our proposal. A. undoubtedly B. certainly C. ultimately D. necessarily（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.I Urecommend/U you buy a computer. A. force B. advise C. ask D. require（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.In Britain
2、and many other countries Uappraisal/U is now a tool of management. A. evaluation B. efficiency C. production D. publicity（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.Helen will leave Uimmediately/U. A. far away B. right away C. right here D. soon（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.We Uresolved/U the problem after group discussion. A. caused
3、B. met C. solved D. posed（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.6.She Uexhibited/U great powers of endurance during the climb. A. played B. sent C. showed D. told（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The Ueternal/U motion of the stars fascinated him. A. long B. never-ending C. boring D. extensive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.She could not answer, and
4、 it was an Uimmense/U load off her heart. A. natural B. fatal C. tiny D. enormous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.The book made a great Uimpact/U on its readers. A. force B. influence C. surprise D. power（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.Accompanied by Ucheerful/U music, we began to dance. A. pleasant B. colorful C. fashionabl
5、e D. different（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.You look Usmart/U in the new suit. A. clever B. handsome C. loyal D. brave（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.He hasnt the funds to Ucarry out/U his design. A. make B. keep C. change D. implement（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.I was Uastonished/U at the news of his escape. A. amused B. amounte
6、d C. amazed D. approached（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.Its almost 5 oclock, time to Uquit/U. A. increase B. stop C. continue D. keep（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.Do you Ufollow/U what I am saying? A. change B. investigate C. write D. understand（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Continuing Medical Education
7、There is increasing recognition of the need for health workers to continue their education throughout their careers. Not only do health workers themselves wish to improve their own skills and competence, but the introduction of new techniques and equipment and the changes taking place in health need
8、s and health care policies necessitate continued training. The phrase “health care“ is intended to mean not just curative treatment for the sick but the whole range of provision for promoting health and preventing disease.In virtually every situation some response to this need has been made, so cont
9、inuing education does take placeeven though it may in many instances be ineffective or insufficient. Continuing education may be initiated by the health workers themselves, by their supervisors, by the managers of the health system, or by other agencies such as professional associations, publishers,
10、 and drug companies. The form of the continuing education may be written materials (journals, books, advertisements), meetings, courses, supervisory visits, or a variety of other methods.With this diversity of approach it is not surprising that the effectiveness of the continuing education should be
11、 variable. So it is natural that in many countries there is a concern that more continuing education should be provided and that it should be more effective.The approach suggested that to achieve this aim is to develop a “system“ of continuing education. This term needs some explanation as it is cap
12、able of being interpreted in many ways. A system is not the same thing as an organization that provides continuing education. It is much more than that. It is the sum of the educational activities, the organizational structure that supports and manages those activities, the management, and the exter
13、nal agencies involved in the provision of health care. The system should comprise a nationwide coordinated program in which technology and resources are optimally used.（分数：7.00）(1).Health workers themselves are aware of the importance of continued training. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00
14、）A.B.C.D.(2).Health needs and health care policies always remain constant. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The phrase “health care“ means more than curative treatment for the sick. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Continuing medical education is particula
15、rly ineffective in developing countries. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Written materials constitute the best form of continuing medical education. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6).More effective continuing medical education is called for in many countri
16、es. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A “system“ of continuing education functions in the same way as an organization that provides continuing education. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)How to Argue with Your Boss1. Before you
17、 argue with your boss, check with the bosss secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the bosss secretary, there are keys to timing: dont approach the boss when hes on deadline; dont go in right before lunch, when he
18、is apt to be distracted and rushed; dont go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.2. If youre mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And dont let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively ab
19、out the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you.3. Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employe
20、e has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.4. Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you cant put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their b
21、osses may soon find they cant get past the secretary.5. To deal effectively with a boss, its important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.A. Keep Y
22、our Voice Low All the TimeB. Put Yourself in the Bosss PositionC. Propose Your SolutionD. Dont Go In When You Are AngryE. Make the Issue ClearF. Never Give In（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(
23、5).If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first _. A. to give the boss your advice B. how he is feeling C. the boss may have D. what you really want to talk to him about E. without suggesting a way to solve it F. how unhappy you are（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).It is necessary t
24、o make clear to the boss _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).It is not wise to present the boss with a problem _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).You must be considerate and think of the troubles _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、B第一篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Sleep Lets Brain File MemoriesTo sleep. Perchance to file?
25、 Findings published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences further support the theory that the brain organizes and stows memories formed during the day while the rest of the body is catching zzzs.Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed the br
26、ain waves of sleeping rats and mice. Specifically, they examined the electrical activity emanating from the somatosensory neocortex (an area that processes sensory information) and the hippocampus, which is a center for learning and memory. The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from
27、the two regions appear to be intertwined. So-called sleep spindles (bursts of activity from the neocortex) were followed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampus known as ripples. The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regions is a key step in memory consolidation. A
28、 second study, also published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, links age-associated memory decline to high glucose levels.Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes suffer from increased memory problems. In the new work, Antonio Convit of New Y
29、ork University School of Medicine and his collaborators studied 30 people whose average age was 69 to investigate whether sugar levels, which tend to increase with age, affect memory in healthy people as well. The scientists administered recall tests, brain scans and glucose tolerance tests, which m
30、easure how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the bodys tissues. Subjects with the poorest memory recollection, the team discovered, also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance. In addition, their brain scans showed more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects better able to absorb bl
31、ood sugar.“Our study suggests that this impairment may contribute to the memory deficits that occur as people age,“ Convit says. “And it raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse some age-associated problems in cognition.“ Exercise and weight control can help k
32、eep glucose levels in check, so there may be one more reason to go to the gym.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the sentence “To sleep. Perchance to file?“? A. Does brain remember files after one falls asleep? B. Does brain arrange memories in useful order duri
33、ng sleep? C. Does brain have memories when one is sleeping? D. Does brain work on files in sleep?（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What is the result of the experiment with rats and mice carried out at Rutgers University? A. Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memory consolidation. B. Somato
34、sensory neocortex plays its primary role in memory consolidation. C. The electrical activity is emanating from the somatosensory neocortex. D. Oscillations in brain waves are from hippocampus.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is indicated by a research ment
35、ioned in Paragraph 3? A. People with good memory have low glucose tolerance. B. People with poor memory have high glucose tolerance. C. Memory level has nothing to do with glucose tolerance. D. The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).In what way is memory related to
36、hippocampus shrinkage? A. The less hippocampus shrinks, the poorer ones memory. B. There is no relation between memory and hippocampus shrinkage. C. The more hippocampus shrinks, the better ones memory. D. The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer ones memory.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).According to the las
37、t paragraph, what is the ultimate reason for going to the gym? A. To control glucose levels. B. To exercise. C. To control weight. D. To prevent hippocampus shrinkage.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.六、B第二篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)U. S. to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in JanuaryA study that will cost $3.2 billion
38、 and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 U. S. children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January, U. S. health officials said on Friday.Officials from the U. S. governments National Institutes of Health said they hope the study, to be conducted at 105 locations t
39、hroughout the United States, can help identify early-life influences that affect later development, with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness.The study will examine hereditary and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health.Researchers will col
40、lect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air, water, dust and materials used to construct their residences, the NIH said.Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study is project
41、ed to cost $3.2 billion.“We anticipate that in the long term, what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nations health care costs,“ Dr. Duane Alexander, who heads the NIHs Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, told reporters.T
42、he study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21.Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth, which has become more common in
43、 recent years, according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH, who heads the study:The people taking part will be from rural, urban and suburban areas, from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups, the NIH said.（分数：15.00）(1).The aim of the study is to find new ways to _. A. conduct r
44、esearch B. track public health C. prevent or treat illness D. speed up development（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Researchers will collect all the following EXCEPT _. A. genetic samples from people in the study B. biological samples from people in the study C. samples from the homes of the women and their babi
45、es D. samples of air and water from hospitals（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(3).It is expected that through the study the nations health care costs _. A. will be lowered in the long run B. will be significantly increased C. will be more than $200 million D. will reach $3.2 billion（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The babies o
46、f the participants will be followed A. throughout their lives B. for more than two decades C. from birth to 21 months D. until they get married（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which is NOT true of the people in the study? A. Theyll be from various areas. B. Theyll be from all income levels. C. Theyll be from al
47、l educational levels. D. Theyll be from all age groups.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.D.七、B第三篇/B(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Some Things We Know about LanguageMany things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know.First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one another. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language.Second, there is no such
